• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2011

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess an association between nutrient intake and prevalence risk of deciduous dental caries among preschool children. Methods: A total of 922 children aged 3 to 5 years was selected from the database of Fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHAINS). Data were included socio-demographic characteristics, oral health related behaviour, nutrient intake(carbohydrate, protein, fat, calcium, phosphate, iron, sodium and potassium), and oral health status(dft index). To assess the crude and adjusted associations, logistic regression analysis were applied considering a complex sampling design. Results: Children who were more consumed protein, calcium, phosphate, iron and sodium had slightly lower prevalence risk of deciduous dental caries after adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics and oral health related behaviour. Moreover, prevalence risk of the highest intake of phosphate and sodium(3rd tertiles) was significant lower than that of the lowest intake(1st tertiles). Conclusion: The nutrient intake was slightly associated with the prevalence risk of deciduous dental caries.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.123-138
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• 2022

Purpose - This study compares the performances of dynamic asset allocation strategies using Korean stocks and U.S. dollar, which have been negatively correlated for a long time, to examine the diversification effects in the portfolios of them. Design/methodology/approach - In the current study, we use KOSPI200 index, as a proxy of the aggregated portfolio of Korean stocks, and USDKRW foreign exchange rate to implement various portfolio management strategies. We consider the equally-weighted, risk-parity, minimum variance, most diversified, and growth optimal portfolios for comparison. Findings - We first find the enhancement of risk adjusted returns due to risk reduction rather than return increasement for all the portfolios of consideration. Second, the enhancement is more pronounced for the trading strategies using correlations as well as volatilities compared to those using volatilities only. Third, the diversification effect has become stronger after the global financial crisis in 2008. Lastly, we find that the performance of the growth optimal portfolio can be improved by utilizing the well-known momentum phenomenon in stock markets to select the length of the sample period to estimate the expected return. Research implications or Originality - This study shows the potential benefits of adding the U.S. dollar to the portfolios of Korean stocks. The current study is the first to investigate the portfolio of Korean stocks and U.S. dollar from investment perspective.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2000

지하에 매설되어 있는 도시가스배관은 부식성 없는 유체이기 때문에 화학플랜트배관보다는 상대적으로 안전하다. 그러나, 도시가스는 일반적으로 도심지역에 공급됨으로 공급지역의 여러 간섭시설물과 환경에 의한 부식과 시설물의 굴착공사로 야기되는 제 3자 사고등으로 큰 사고를 야기할 수 있다. 특히 지하매설된 배관이므로, 배관의 손상여부를 파악하고 검사하는 것이 상당히 난해하다. 따라서, 본 고에서는 지하매설배관의 위험성 개념을 도입하여, 위험지역 배관을 선정하여 관리하는 것으로 접근하였다. 여기서 위험성은 부식요인, 설계 및 시공요인, 유지관리요인으로 파악하여 나타내었고, 배관의 정성적인 위험성을 점수로 표현하여, 정량적인 숫자로 표현하였다. 또한 Key 인자 개념과 비용에 대한 손상보완대책 개념을 프로그램에 도입하여, 신뢰성과 안전경영에 도움이 되리라 생각된다. 본 위험성 평가 프로그램은 비쥬얼 베이직을 사용하여 개발하였고, GIS와 연계하였다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제39권sup2호
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• pp.261-268
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• 2009

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of periodontitis in Korean adults and to examine the associations between periodontitis and known risk factors. Methods: Using Korean National Oral Health Survey 2006 data, a total of 4,263 people who had taken oral examination, interviewed by questionnaire, and aged 18 or older were sampled. The prevalence of periodontitis measured by Community Periodontal Index (CPI) was calculated and the differences in prevalence according to known risk factors (age, sex, monthly income, education, residential area, tooth-brushing frequency, regular dental visit, smoking, and diabetes) were examined with chi-square test. Logistic regression analysis was performed to see the effects of each risk factor on the risk of having periodontitis. All statistical approaches were reflected national sampling design using Survey procedures in SAS 9.1. Results: The overall prevalence of periodontitis in Korean adults was 10.3%. There existed statistically significant differences in crude prevalence for periodontitis according to the all risk factors. In logistic regression, older age groups (O.R.:2.94-3.71), people living in rural area (O.R.:1.87), and current smokers (O.R.:1.77) were significantly prone to have periodontitis. People who earned monthly income of more than 2 million Korean won (O.R.:0.64) and brushed their teeth two or more times per day (O.R.:0.60-0.62) had significantly lower risk of having periodontitis. Conclusions: About 10% of Korean adults had periodontitis in 2006. People who were older, living in rural region, in lower income status, smoking, less tooth brushing were more likely to have periodontitis.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.81-93
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop a model for comprehensively evaluating the risk of sarcopenia in Korean adults and to generate the sarcopenia risk scorecard model based on the results. Methods: The participants of the study were 7,118 adults without sarcopenia in the first basic survey, and a longitudinal analysis was conducted using data from the 1st to 8th survey (2006-2020) of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA). The data were analyzed using Rao-Scott chi-square test and weighted Cox proportional hazards regression of complex sampling design. The sarcopenia risk scorecard model was developed by Cox proportional hazards regression using points to double the odds (PDO) method. Results: The findings show that the risk factors for sarcopenia in Korean adults were gender, age, marital status, socioeconomic status, body mass index (BMI), regular exercise, diabetes and arthritis diagnosis. In the scorecard results, the case of exposure to the highest risk level was 100 points. The highest score range were given in the order of age over 65, low BMI, and low socioeconomic status. Conclusions: The significance of this study is that the causal relationship between various factors and the occurrence of sarcopenia in Korean adults was identified. Also, the model developed in this study is expected to be useful in detecting participants with risk of sarcopenia in the community early and preventing and managing sarcopenia through appropriate health education.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.355-367
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• 1989

This study examined the physical and mental health factors affecting the industrial accidents of 142 injured and 1,212 uninjured workers in the shipbuilding industry from 1986 to 1988. The results acquired from the Todai Health Index (THI) and from analysis of the health examination were as follows: 1. Among the personal characteristics of the workers, the educational level of injured workers was significantly lower than that of the uninjured workers. 2. Among the physical characteristics, vision and $R\ddot{o}hrer$ Index of the injured workers were lower than those of the uninjured workers, and the difference was statistically significant. On the other hand, the differences in height, weight, hearing function, hematocrit, blood pressure, urine test, and X-ray findings were not statistically significant between the injured and uninjured workers. 3. The score of the THI questionnaire on the physical and mental health of the injured workers was higher than that of the uninjured workers, and the difference was statistically significant. 4. Form the THI score, the industrial workers had complained more about mental health than physical health and there was a statistically singinficant relation with the industrial accidents. 5. The relative risk expressed in terms of the odds ratio was 2.9 for poorer vision, 2.7 for a lower educational level, 2.2 for a higher THI score and 1.6 for overdrinking. 6 Educational level, vision, and the THI score were selected as significant factors influencing industrial accidents based on a log-linear model. According to the results of this model by logistic analysis, the odds ratio of industrial accidents was 1.8 for a lower educational level, 1.7 for poorer vision, and 1.6 for a higher THI score. 7 By event history analysis with the dependent variable as the duration of work at the time of the industrial accident, educational level, age, $R\ddot{o}hrer$ Index and THI score were the statistically significant variables selected, and the hazard rate of industrial accident occurrence was 0.24 for a lower educational level, 0.92 for age, 0.99 for a lower $R\ddot{o}hrer$ Index and 2.72 for a higher THI score. As we have seen, educational level and THI score were the most significant factors affecting the hazard rate of industrial accidents. Vision, $R\ddot{o}hrer$ Index, age, and drinking behavior were also statistically significant variables influencing industrial accidents. Therefore, in order to prevent industrial accidents, it is necessary to establish a health management plan for industry which can objectively evaluate not only the physical but also the mental health of the workers. If we use this type of study as a prospective study design, we can determine the relative risk of physical and mental health factors on industrial accidents. Furthermore, it is expected that this type of study will provide workers at high risk with more precise basic data for a health managment plan for industrial accident prevention.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2015년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.518-521
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• 2015

최근 건설 프로젝트의 대형화 및 다양한 신공법들의 도입으로 불확실한 위험도 요인들이 점점 증가함으로써 일련의 시스템적 절차에 따른 리스크 관리(Risk Management) 체계를 수립하여 활용하고 있다. 하지만 국내 시공사와 발주사들은 과거 자신의 경험과 직관에 의존하여 리스크를 다루고 있을 뿐 공사와 관련된 요인을 체계적으로 분류하고 수치화하여 관리하는 곳은 거의 찾아 볼 수가 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 건설 리스크 관리수준 향상을 위해 건설실패지수를 활용한 기업단위의 정량화 시스템을 설계하고, 이를 표준화하기 위한 정부 연계 시스템 구성에 대해 연구하였다.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.57-69
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• 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of macroeconomic conditions on the relationship between CSR and firm value. Design/methodology/approach - Employing KEJI index as a proxy for a firm's CSR activities, we investigate whether investors discount the value of CSR activity during the economic recession when a firm's bankruptcy risk is high and thus its future sustainability is suspected. Findings - Our empirical result represents that the value of a firm with high CSR score is undervalued during recession, reflecting investors doubt the sustainability of a firm whose CSR score is high when overall economy is exposed to high downside risk. Research implications or Originality - It implies that investors may not regard the CSR activities as an indicator of corporate sustainability. Also, the result represents that stable macroeconomic condition can be one of the important factors to make the CSR activity increase a firm's value.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2021년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.27-28
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• 2021

For Barrier-Free certification, the floor and ground surfaces must be finished with materials that are not slippery, flat, and have low-impact in fallis. However, the BF Certification Act does not provide specific methods to meet these regulations. In performance-based design, the responsibility of proving the performance rests with the building owner and architect, so quantitative evaluation indexes are needed to select suitable materials. Furthermore, changes in performance after completion should be checked periodically in 'As-Is' conditions. There are various methods for slips, trips and falls risk assessment, causing confusion for users. In this study, the results of previous studies on the evaluation methods of slips, trips and falls were considered closely, and each quantitative evaluation index that can be used in the new construction and maintenance phase was presented.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.351-361
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• 1995

The main purpose of the study is to identify critical risk factors for development of a family assessment tool to screen high risk family. This study used a conceptual framework of family diagnosis developed by Eui-sook Kim's (1993) and analyzed risk factors to identify the high risk family. As employing a explorative and methodological study design, this study has four stages. 1. In the first stage, 34 family risk factors were identified by doing intensive literature review on conceptual framework of family diagnoses. 2. In the second stage, above risk factors were tested for content validity by consultation with 29 persons in community health nursing, nursing education, family theory, and social work. 3. In the third stage, existing survey data was used for actual application of the identified risk factors. The survey data used for this purpose was previously collected for the community diagnosis in a region of Seoul. At the final stage, through the comparison between high risk and low risk families, initially identified 34 risk factors decreased to 25 risk factors. Among 34 risk factors, six factors did not agree with content of questionnaries sand two factors were not significant in differentiating the high risk family Also, two risk factors showed high correlation between themselves, so only one of those two factors was chosen. As a result, twenty-five risk factors chosen to identify the high risk family are following ; 1. A single parent family due to divorce or death of a partner, or unweded single mother 2. A family with an unrelated household members 3. A family with a working mother with a young child 4. A family with no regular income 5. A family with no rule in family or too strict rules 6. A family with little or no support from other lam-ily members 7. A family with little or no support from friends or relatives 8. A family with little or no time to share with each other 9. A family with family history of hypertension, diabetus, cancer 10. A family with a sick person 11. A family with a mentally ill person 12. A family with a disabled person 13. A family with an alcoholic person 14. A family with a excessive smoker who smokes more than 1 pack / day 15. A family with too much salt intake in their diet. 16. A family with inappropriate management skills for family health 17. A family with high utilization of drug store than hospital to solve the health problems of the family 18. A family with disharmony between husband and wife 19. A family with conflicts among the family members 20. A family with unequal division of labor among family members 21. An authoritative family structure 22. A socially isolated family 23. The location of house is not residential area 24. A family with high risk of accidents 25. The drinking water and sewage systems are not hygienic. The main implication of the results of this study is clinical use. The high risk factors can be used to identify the high risk family effectively and efficiently. The use of high risk factors woule contribute to develop a conceptual framework of family diagnosis in Korea and the list of risk factors need to be revised continuously. Further researches are needed to develop an index of weight of each risk factor and to validate the risk factors.