• 디자인학연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.101-114
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• 2002

On the threshold of year 2000, the elderly account for more than 7% of the whole population in Korea, which means that the nation is greeting welcoming an aging society. Accordingly, it is expected that silver businesses and services targeted at the silver generation will prosper with "silver advertising design" becoming active. Under such circumstances, this study was aimed at reviewing the recent silver marketing advertisements in terms of their cultural and moral implications, and thereby, redefining and reestablishing the status of silver consumers to help them find their identity, aware of marketing activities and therewith, establish their "consumer sovereignty". This study consists in large of 5 chapters. The introduction parr describes background, purpose, method and scope of the study. The first chapter reviews the silver marketing theories. The second chapter classifies the silver marketing advertisement positioning of four style - upper classes style, effloresce progress style, self- sufficiency style, dependent style - and reviews the expression strategy of each positioning. The third chapter examines the domestic conditions of silver marketing advertisements for each positioning type classified. The fourth chapter designs the ′creative′of silver marketing advertisements and suggests the methods thereof. The analysis of ′creative′was tested in terms of graphic gestaltung, and how the sliver marketing advertisement positioning should be discerned depending on silver generation consumer′s characteristics was discussed. The fifth chapter puts forwards the suggestions for the ′creative′ strategies to enhance the effects of the silver marketing advertisements, based on the preceding discussions. In addition, the Perspective into the keyword of 21 st century or "silver design" is discussed, together with the limitations of this study. It is hoped that this stuffy will be conducive to our efforts to face the upcoming′age\ulcorner society′more effectively. To this end, this study discusses the "silver advertising design" in light of ′societal concepts′and ′customer-oriented value′, and thus, explores some creative presentation strategies whereby individual companies interests and social or public interests can be compromised through ′creative activities′ and ′equal-value consumerism′ for an ultimately effective management strategies for silver businesses and services.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.17-28
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• 2017

Purpose - Considering the environmental issues in corporate management is now a necessity, not an option. In addition, consumers' interest in health and environment has increased rapidly. This study aims to investigate how the management style that pursues environmental protection affects the various outcomes at each management process such as planning, producing and supervising process. Research design, data, and methodology - We surveyed 319 manufacturing companies from April 1 to April 30, 2016. Green purchasing, environmental technology management and management support are selected as independent variables and firm performances as dependent variables. Three analyses including factor, regression and moderating were conducted. Results - Regression analysis was performed to set up hypotheses. Consequently, the total six hypotheses were adopted and then innovative management style showed moderating effect. Conclusions - Companies should consider environmental factors to improve the financial performance in the long term. Especially the cooperative style enhances financial performance by implementing eco-friendly design in cooperation with customers. Also, eco-friendly activities with suppliers could have direct environmental protection effects. Therefore, a manufacturer needs to cooperate with both suppliers and customers to maximize the protection effect. The production of eco-friendly products and implementing eco-friendly design with customers positively affect product quality.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.441-451
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of personality characteristics and decision making type on the self-leadership of nursing students. Methods: The participants were 336 nursing students using a self-report questionnaire. Data were analyzed using a t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: There were significant positive correlations between self-leadership and extraversion (r=.50, p<.001), agreeableness (r=.22, p<.001), conscientiousness (r=.60, p<.001), openness to experience (r=.36, p<.001), and rational style (r=.47, p<.001). However the correlation between self-leadership and dependent style was significantly negative (r=-.11, p=.044). Conscientiousness (${\beta}$=.60, p<.001), extraversion (${\beta}$=.28, p<.001), and rational style (${\beta}$=.21, p<.001), openness to experience (${\beta}$=.18, p<.001), and degree of leadership level (${\beta}$=.10, p=.020) were identified as factors affecting self-leadership. The explanation power of this regression model was 50.0% and it was statistically significant (F=67.52, p<.001). Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that effective self-leadership programs should be developed by including conscientiousness, extraversion, openness to experience, and rational decision making.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2007년도 한국음성과학회 공동학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.217-220
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• 2007

This study outlines a small-sized dialog style ETRI Korean TTS system which applies a HMM based speech synthesis techniques. In order to build the VoiceFont, dialog-style 500 sentences were used in training HMM. And the context information about phonemes, syllables, words, phrases and sentence were extracted fully automatically to build context-dependent HMM. In training the acoustic model, acoustic features such as Mel-cepstrums, logF0 and its delta, delta-delta were used. The size of the VoiceFont which was built through the training is 0.93Mb. The developed HMM-based TTS system were installed on the ARM720T processor which operates 60MHz clocks/second. To reduce computation time, the MLSA inverse filtering module is implemented with Assembly language. The speed of the fully implemented system is the 1.73 times faster than real time.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2004

This paper presents an analysis of heating energy for apartment houses in a Korean-style apartment building, paying special attention on the effect of their location. Six representative locations encompass three floors and two placements on each floor. Two different roof types are also considered. In order to incorporate actual tenant's refit, a five-zone model composed of one conditioned and four unconditioned spaces is developed. TRNSYS 15 is adopted to estimate heating energy. The predicted results show fairly good agreements with the available measured data, validating the present model. Heating energy needed for an apartment located at the uppermost and lowermost floors is far greater compared with the case of intermediate floors. In addition, an appreciable difference is found between apartment with and without side end wall. Insulation thickness of walls, floors and underground structure appears to be a dominant factor affecting heating energy, which leads to needs of revision of the related regulation. Ridged-roofs instead of flat-roofs are highly recommended in apartment buildings for effective energy saving. It is finally concluded that the location-dependent, severe imbalance in heating energy should be improved and/or reflected in the policy making process and design standards.

• 아동학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.127-139
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• 2005

The subjects of this study were 86 eight- and 76 ten-year-old children(total: 162). Experimental procedures and tools included pre- and post- learning tests and controls for intelligence (Draw-a-Man-Test) and for cognitive styles(Children's Embedded Figures Test). The content of the learning task was the lightning generation process. After various types of seven-minute color animation multimedia presentations about the generation of lightning were screened, post-hoc analysis showed that the rehearsal strategy was effective with field-dependent learners but not with field-independent learners.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.541-546
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• 2005

이 연구는 학생들의 학습양식 유형을 독립형과 의존형, 협동형과 경쟁형, 참여형과 회피형 등으로 분류 하고, 각 유형에 따른 과학탐구능력을 분석하여 과학 교육에서의 교수전략 및 학습지도의 시사점을 얻는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구의 대상은 서울 금천구 소재의 한 중학교 3학년 학생 340명으로 하였으며, 학습양식 검사도구와 과학탐구능력 검사지를 사용하여 측정하였다. 학습양식 유형은 독립형과 의존형, 협동형과 경쟁형, 참여형과 회피형의 대비되는 세 가지 유형으로 분류하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학생들의 학습양식 유형은 독립형보다 의존형, 경쟁형보다 협동형, 회피형보다 참여형이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 또 성별에 따라서는 남학생은 경쟁형, 참여형이 상대적으로 많고, 여학생은 협동형, 회피형이 상대적으로 많은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 학습양식 유형에 따른 과학탐구능력은 의존형보다 독립형, 협동형보다 경쟁형, 회피형보다 참여형이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 정리하면 학습양식 유형의 분포는 남녀간에 상대적인 차이가 있으며, 학습양식 유형이 독립형, 경쟁형, 참여형인 학생들의 과학탐구능력이 높다는 것을 알 수 있다. 그러므로 과학탐구능력 신장을 위해서, 학생들에게는 보다 독립적이고 의욕적이며 참여적인 학습태도가 권장되며, 교사들에게는 학생들의 학습양식 유형을 고려한 교수전략 개발 및 학습지도가 요구된다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.406-417
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• 2014

최근 소통과 협업을 통해 문제를 탐구할 수 있는 인재 양성에 대한 요구가 증가함에 따라 과학 영재교육에서 소집단 활동에 대한 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 효과적인 소집단 구성 방안을 모색하기 위하여, 과학 영재들의 학습양식에 따른 언어적 상호작용의 특징을 분석하고, 학습양식에 기반한 소집단 구성이 소집단 활동의 상호작용에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 조사하였다. 이를 위하여 경쟁형, 협동형, 의존형 학습양식과 협동형, 협동형, 의존형 학습양식을 지닌 6명의 과학 고등학교 학생들을 각각 소집단 1과 소집단 2로 구성하였다. 연구 결과, 소집단 1의 경우 상호작용의 질적 수준이 낮은 비대칭적 형태의 상호작용이 나타난 반면, 소집단 2에서는 상호작용의 질적 수준이 높은 대칭적 형태의 상호작용이 나타났다. 즉, 소집단 1보다 소집단 2에서 심층적 상호작용의 빈도가 높았고, 학생들이 소집단 활동에 동등하게 참여하는 모습을 나타냈다. 이와 같은 결과는 학생들의 학습양식을 고려한 소집단 구성 방법이 소집단 활동의 참여 여부나 상호작용의 질적 수준 등에 중요한 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 의미한다. 이에 대한 교육적 함의를 논의하였다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.242-250
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• 2004

본 연구의 목적은 '날씨와 기후' 단원에 대한 수업 후, 수업방법(설명식 수업과 발견식 수업)과 학습자의 인지양식에 따른 학업파지 효과를 조사하는 것이다. 연구대상은 광주에 있는 남자고등학교의 1학년 185명과 남여공학고등학교의 1학년 189명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구대상 학생들 중 남자고등학교의 92명과 남여공학고등학교의 95명을 설명식수업집단으로, 그리고 남자고등학교의 93명과 남여공학고등학교의 94명을 발견식 수업집단으로 선정하였다. 모든 학생들은 그들의 인지양식에 따라 장 독립적 학습자, 중간적 학습자, 장 의존적 학습자로 분류되었다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 지구과학 학습내용의 수업 3주일 후 학업파지검사에서 발견식 수업방법이 설명식 수업방법에 비해 이해와 적용영역에서 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 지식영역에 있어서는 유의미한 차이가 없었다. 둘째, 학업파지검사에서 장 독립적 인지양식의 학습자들이 장 의존적 인지양식의 학습자들에 비해 이해와 적용영역에서 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 학업파지검사에서 수업방법과 학습자의 인지양식 간의 상호연관성에 대한 유의미한 차이는 없었다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.220-233
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• 2001

Purpose: This study was done to identity the degree of instructional motivation and response after application of CAI in the student nurses' fundamental nursing course. Method: The subjects of this study were 77 student nurses and the data was collected from October, 7th to 17th in 1997. The examination sheet for cognitive style and a questionnaire to evaluate the degree of instructional motivation were used to collect data. Result : 1) It was found that the degree of instructional motivation of the learner was higher in the CAI class. (134.23/170) 2) After CAI, the learners expressed relatively higher satisfaction in understanding, interest, degree of difficulty, number of problems, icons, and extra information. 3) It was found that 53 learners(68.8%) were field independent-cognitive learners and 24 learners(31.2%) were field dependent-cognitive learners. 4) Among the instructional responses according to the cognitive behavior of the learner after CAI, there were significant differences in reasons for understanding the computer program, interest in the computer program class, and the number of students assigned to each computer. 5) There were no significant difference between cognitive style and instructional motivation. Conclusion: The CAI effect for nursing students fundamental nursing course have been positive evaluated. CAI in nursing education is becoming very available and needs to develop effective CAI and use not only fundamental nursing course but also another nursing education programs.