• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.87-101
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze differences in psychological characteristics according to cell phone dependency and use purpose in cell phone users of adolescences. Psychological characteristics of adolescents were consisted of attention aggression, somatic symptoms, social withdrawal, depression variables. The subjects were 2,158 cell phone owned second graders of middle school. A data of the Korean Child-Youth Panel Survey(KCYPS) was employed for the this study. Dependency and use purpose of cell phone were classified by cluster analysis into four groups with similar characteristics : 'high dependency-multipurpose', 'low dependency-social', 'low dependency-unsocial' 'middle dependency-peer interaction' groups. Major findings were that: the group differences in psychological characteristics were statistically significant. The 'low dependency-social' group showed highest on adjustments, and the other groups were maladaptive. Finally, implications for future research were discussed.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.121-130
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• 1990

In this study, the coefficients of ultrasound attenuation for human liver were determined in 6 normal humans and in 38 patients with diffuse liver disease. The coefficients with linear frequency dependency as well as nonlinear frequency dependency were evaluated. Gaussian pulse propagating in a lossy medium suffers downshifting of a center frequency and decreasing in the bandwidth. Such changes in frequency domain spectrum were quantified in terms of changes in the attenuation coefficients with nonlinear dependency, which in turn improve clinical Implications of the coefficients. Statistical analysis shows that the attenuation coefficients evaluated with nonlinear dependency reflect an improved accuracy for the diffuse liver disease than those with linear dependency. The discriminant analysis also indicate the improved classification with nonlinear dependency(75%) than with linear dependency(61%).

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.57-73
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• 2019

Objective: This study aimed to examine the moderating effect of elementary school students' perception of open communication with their parents in relationship to smartphone dependency and school adjustment. Methods: Participants included 300 fifth and sixth graders attending P and A elementary schools in Gyeonggi Province. Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis were performed to analyze data. The level of significance was set at p < .05 for all analyses. Results: The results of the present study are as follows: First, male students showed higher levels of smartphone dependency than female students, and students' smartphone dependency increased according to age. The students' smartphone dependency was negatively associated with their school adjustment and their perception of open communication with their parents. Second, the students' perception of open communication with their fathers was found to moderate the relationship between smartphone dependency and school adjustment. Conclusion/Implications: These findings indicate that open communication between parents and their elementary school-aged children can buffer the adverse effects of smartphone dependency on school adjustment. This study provides implications for parent education and counseling to improve parent-child communication and subsequently build strong, positive family relationships.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.78-84
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-esteem, social support, smartphone dependency and internet game dependency of college students. Methods: This was a descriptive study. The survey participants were 299 college students in M city and I city. The data were collected from June 2 to June 20, 2014 and self-report questionnaires including Self-Esteem Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Smartphone Dependency Sale, Internet Game Dependency Scale. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent-sample t-test, ANOVA, stepwise multiple regression. Results: Social support & smartphone dependency showed significant differences according to gender. Smartphone dependency was found to have a statistically negative correlation with self-esteem, social support and positive correlation with internet game dependency. Internet game dependency was found to have a statistically negative correlation with self-esteem, social support. Social support was found to have a statistically negative correlation with self-esteem. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the significant predictors of smartphone dependency were internet game dependency, gender, self-esteem, accounted for 16.6% of the variance. Conclusion: It is necessary for reduction program of college students' smartphone dependency that consider their internet game dependency, gender, self-esteem.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.3 no.6
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• pp.219-230
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• 2014

An analysis of dependency relation is a job that determines the governor and the dependent between words in sentence. The dependency relation of predicate is established by patterns and selectional restriction of subcategorization of the predicate. This paper proposes a method of analysis of Korean dependency relation using homograph predicate disambiguated in morphology analysis phase. The disambiguated homograph predicates has each different pattern. Especially reusing a stage transition training dictionary used during tagging POS and homograph, we propose a method of fixing the dependency relation of {noun+postposition, predicate}, and we analyze the accuracy and an effect of homograph for analysis of dependency relation. We used the Sejong Phrase Structured Corpus for experiment. We transformed the phrase structured corpus to dependency relation structure and tagged homograph. From the experiment, the accuracy of dependency relation by disambiguating homograph is 80.38%, the accuracy is increased by 0.42% compared with one of undisambiguated homograph. The Z-values in statistical hypothesis testing with significance level 1% is ${\mid}Z{\mid}=4.63{\geq}z_{0.01}=2.33$. So we can conclude that the homograph affects on analysis of dependency relation, and the stage transition training dictionary used in tagging POS and homograph affects 7.14% on the accuracy of dependency relation.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.75-84
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the level of knowledge on preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and nicotine dependency among smoking male college students, and to examine the predicting factors of nicotine dependency. Methods: This study was conducted as cross-sectional descriptive research using structured questionnaires. Data were collected from 411 smoking male college students ($22.5{\pm}2.59$ yr) at two universities located in two cities in Korea from September 2012 to April 2013. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate age-adjusted odds ratios of nicotine dependency. Results: The mean value of nicotine dependency was $4.2{\pm}1.96$ and the percentage of participants who had strong nicotine dependency (${\geq}7$) was 10.7%. Logistic regression analysis showed that, when adjustment was made for age, nicotine dependency was predicted by the frequency of alcohol drinking (${\geq}3$ times/week), knowledge on CVD prevention, the age starting drinking, and the total length of smoking. Conclusion: Nicotine dependency was strongly related to the frequency of drinking alcohol and lower knowledge on CVD prevention. Therefore, male college students who have a dependent smoking habit and drink alcohol frequently need to take more interest in health through educational counseling to modify their lifestyle behaviors and to have preventive knowledge related to CVD.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.341-351
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal relationships between Korean adolescents'mobile phone dependency, trajectories of depression, and self-regulated learning abilities. To achieve these goals, structural equation modeling analysis was conducted, using the 3rd, 5th and 7th wave of the data on 4th graders taken from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey. The results can be summarized as follows. First, growth-curve longitudinal analysis indicates that depression in 6th through 10th grade has increased. Second, mobile phone dependency among adolescents at 6th grade has a significant effect on both the initial value and the rate of change in depression. Also, the initial value and the rate of change in depression have significant relationships with mobile phone dependency at 10th grade. Moreover, both increased levels of mobile phone dependency and the rate of change in depression significantly influence adolescents'self-regulated learning abilities at 10th grade. Based on a longitudinal data set, these findings demonstrate the causal relationships between Korean adolescents'trajectories of depression and their mobile phone dependency. The findings also provide a comprehensive framework with implications for adolescents'development through an understanding of the relationships between adolescents'depression and mobile phone dependency, which impact their self-regulated learning abilities.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.21.1-21.6
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• 2019

Dependency parsing is often used as a component in many text analysis pipelines. However, performance, especially in specialized domains, suffers from the presence of complex terminology. Our hypothesis is that including named entity annotations can improve the speed and quality of dependency parses. As part of BLAH5, we built a web service delivering improved dependency parses by taking into account named entity annotations obtained by third party services. Our evaluation shows improved results and better speed.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.1705-1712
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• 2009

Recently, most Korean syntactic analysis systems use Dependency Grammar, because it is quite good to analysis of Korean language structures. But Dependency Grammar makes many ambiguities during syntax analysis of Korean. We implement a system which decreases many ambiguities in syntax analysis. To decrease ambiguities we suggest several methods. First, we use about 200 dependency rules, second, we suggest a new segmentation method and third, one predicate can not have more than one subject or object. Using these methods, we can reduce many ambiguities in Korean syntactic analysis.

• World Technopolis Review
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.92-106
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• 2012

This study focuses on exploring the behaviours of high-tech start-up firms in response to the policy interventions undertaken to promote regional innovation in South Korea since 1997. High-tech start-ups and their technological entrepreneurship are increasingly considered by policy makers and academics to play a crucial role in the generation of innovation and economic development. However, this study started from a basic concern of why government intervention does not necessarily result in an increase of regional innovation capacity. To explain this concern, we constructed a new conceptual framework of 'government dependency' and apply this to 'Daedeok,' a regional innovation system in South Korea, to explore the reproduction of path dependency as an impact induced by innovation policy. This conceptual framework was developed by remodeling path dependency approaches through a systemic and interactive lens. An empirical study used qualitative interviews of start-up founders to delineate the emergence of a new development path and the extent to which dependency was reproduced in the Daedeok regional innovation system. Empirical analysis suggested that 'reliance' and 'persistence' were the crucial factors in the production and reproduction of the government dependency. Some firms accepted dependency as reliance, but others regarded it as policy utilization. Thus, a critical juncture could not be clearly identified in actors' behaviour. It was also unclear if dependency had hindered innovation, but it was shown that the regional and institutional contexts strongly influenced the reproduction process. The study concludes that the construct of government dependency can also provide useful insights into policy learning as well as the success of government interventions.