• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.447-473
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• 2010

Japan is very similar with Korea in aspect of decreasing population of rural areas and increasing demand of urbanites' migrating to rural areas. Therefore, government ministries of Japan including Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries have performed policies for popularizing stay in rural area and rural in-migration as a new lifestyle since the early 2000s. The purpose of this study is to find implication for rural repopulation in Korea though reviewing Japan's policy for urban-rural interchange. In Japan, demand of urban-rural interchange was segmented by the length and purpose of stay, and the policy was made by the way of meeting the needs of each segmented group. After two cases of policy implementation in Kochi and Fukushima prefecture were studied, a few implications were discussed. For rural repopulation, comprehensive vision and strategy of urban-rural interchange including from rural tourism to rural inmigration and diverse programs for satisfying various kinds of demand of urban-rural interchange need to be developed.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.69-97
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• 2003

This study focuses on the determinants of the community health service utilization. Theories suggest seven models for community health service utilization, which are divided largely into two groups such as Health Service Supply Model and Health Service Demand Model: Supply Model includes Medical Implements Model, Personnel and Budget Model, Management System Model, Staffs' Behavior Model, Service Quality Model; Demand Model includes Area Model and Clients' Characteristics Model. This paper tests how the above models influence on the community health service utilization. After interviewing some administrative staffs of the Community Health Service Center at Pusan, questionnaires were made and mailed to the staffs of 198 Korean Community Health Service Center as a universe, among which from 98 centers we got response. Analyzing the data from the questionnaires, we found "the number of personnels in the health service center" and "demands for medical service" as important variables to affect the utilization of the community health service center. These two variables are typical factors representing Supply Model and Demand Model each. However, the variables selected from Management System Model, Administrative Behavior Model, Service Quality Model and Area model are not significant in a statistical sense. The paper suggests that to recruit the personnels, especially nurses, and to make out the demands of the clients for health service be the precedent conditions to increase the utilization of the Community Health Service Centers in Korea.ce Centers in Korea.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2013

Due to the increasing concerns about the buildings which have affected the global environment, most countries have enacted a regulation for the sustainability of domestic buildings. In 2008, the Korean government started to enact a regulation of apartment and office buildings for energy saving. Many research on the sustainable apartment building focuses on $84m^2$ or larger type in response to market demand; therefore, small size type such as $46m^2$ type needs to be researched. In addition, the research on the orientation and window to wall ratio of the building have been separately studied as a means of energy reduction; therefore, the research on correlation of the orientation and window to wall ratio hasn't been fully explored yet. This paper analyzes the energy demand of the apartment building as the change of orientation and window to wall ratio among $46m^2$ and $84m^2$ type. In conclusion, when reducing the window to wall ratio, energy demand was reduced, except when the orientation of the building was between from +10 to -20 from the south.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.481-489
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• 2009

The objective of this research is to provide more reliable and accurate unit factor of water amount by investigating of informations related to various educational institutions such as elementary, middle, high schools and university. In order to estimate the water demand of educational institutions, first of all, the informations such as building area, site area, total school population, and water amount of various educational institutions are investigated to estimate the water unit factor. In this research, we used the total population of students and teachers to estimate the water demand of educational institutions. The results of unit factors of this research are as follows: 1) The elementary school is $0.027983m^3/person{\cdot}day$, 2) middle school: $0.024106m^3/person{\cdot}day$, 3) high school: $0.041415m^3/person{\cdot}day$, 4) specialized high school (science high school and foreign language high school): $0.156938m^3/person{\cdot}day$ and 5) university: $0.033766m^3/person{\cdot}day$. Finally, these water amounts calculated by unit factors were compared with real water amount of educational institutions.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1998년도 21세기 한반도 농업전망과 대책(한국작물학회.한국육종학회 공동주관 심포지움 회보)
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• pp.189-209
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• 1998

Food resources have been supplied more and more by crop land expansion, technological Improvement for higher crop yield, establishment of irrigation system, and input of fertilizers, chemicals and others, to sustain a world population increase currently about 6 billion. Food demand will be significantly increased in the 21st century due to population increases of 90 million per year and more consumption of meat with per capital income increase. But food production increase will be limited by difficulty of crop/irrigation land expansion and small or decreasing effectiveness of fertilizer use. Development of new techniques for higher yield per ha is only one way to meet future food demand increase. Optimistic prospect for food demand/supply balance was reported by FAO until 2010, and IFPRI until 2020. However, Worldwatch Institute warned world food supply will be less than expected demand by 500 million tons of cereal grains in 2030. It is necessary to establish a national plan to meet expected worldwide shortage of food resources in 21 century. What planning should be under taken to meet the upcoming century of food shortage in Korea whose food self-sufficiency rate is only $30{\%}$. It is recommended that (1) keep paddy field area as much as 1,100 thousand ha, (2) expansion of barley and wheat cultivation on all paddy area in winter season, (3) continue development of new technology to get international superiority of food resources produced in Korea, (4) expand nationwide the importance of food security under the current financial crisis encountered In Korea, and for food security in the future unified Korean peninsula.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.675-682
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• 2021

The study analyzes the demand for residential space in the Untact Era. Residential space comprises six categories: the most necessary dedicated space (DS), most preferred south-facing space (SFS), largest space (LS), most necessary shared space (SS), most necessary infra-space (IS), and others. Results indicated the following: 1) All respondents had the highest preference for relaxing spaces except DS. 2) Differences were found between DS, SFS, and LS by age and SS; IS by residential area; and DS, SS, and IS by household size. 3) People aged 60+ preferred a living room while people aged 40-59 preferred a larger kitchen. Seoul citizens preferred gardens or parks in the complex or neighboring forests whereas local citizens preferred shared offices and medical centers. Households of three or more persons preferred a park/forest and two-person households preferred a honbap restaurant. The implications for housing policy are as follows. 1) Nature-friendly spaces are needed to alleviate a sense of isolation. 2) Changing demand for residential space should be reflected in housing policies. 3) The government's housing supply policy with the same residential space and structure must be changed to provide various residential spaces according to age, residential area, and household size.

• 농촌계획
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2023

In this study, the effect of orchard expansion, structural improvement, and potential demand of the orchard scale-up project implemented since 2004 to strengthen the competitiveness of orchard farmers was examined. The results of the analysis are summarized as follows. First, looking at the effect of scale-up by checking the standard income data of the Rural Development Administration, it was possible to confirm the effect of scale-up in that the income per unit area increases as the scale increases. Second, through the scale-up project, the effect of structural improvement in transferring the orchards of the aged farm households to the younger farm households was confirmed to be 13 years old on average in the case of a sale business and 16 years old in the case of a lease business. Third, it was found that income increased at a statistically significant level after participating in the orchard scale-up project for major fruit crops such as apples, pears, and peaches. Fourth, it was found that age and cultivated area had a statistical effect on the probability of participating in the orchard scale-up project for farmers who did not participate in the project. The potential business demand using the estimated results was found to be between 25,203 and 37,089.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 1990

This study was carried out in the Haenahm county as a part of project, the'89 Comprehensive Planning of Rural Area. In order to increase household income of rural area and to meet increasing tourism demand in urban area, several tourism development directions and strategies were suggested in terms of resources, services, and transportation. The major results of this study are summarized as follows ; 1) Core tourism market has to be maintained by inforcement of unique image of the Haenahm county, such as the southern extremeity of Korean peninsula and tourism resources rich land. 2) New tourism products need to be introduced to attract fringe market of this area by use of natural and cultural resources in the Haenahm county, such as terrain, climate, provincial park, music, dance and artifacts. 3) image of this county as a touristic resort would be escalated by development of high quality andclusterized accommodation in urbanized area of the Haenahm county 4) Development of private lodging, production of local brand by native food, beverage and artifacts, introduction of festival by folk song and folk dance would be helpful to stabilize a seasonal fluctuating demand level of ourismandlocalresidentsincome. 5) Diversification of tourism product needs to be provided for tourists in order to increase chances for enjoyment in the destination and to be involved in socially comfortable atmosphere. 6) Package tour by diversification of touristic subregions in this county and linkage system with touristic regions of other counties would helpful to lead visitors to stay long, resulting in increased expenditure.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.55-74
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• 2005

This study focuses on affording a material basis for rearranging the manpower supply system in port and logistics industry for Busan's international competitiveness strategies. First of all, the current state and future plan of port and logistics industry, as Busan's main strategic industry, are reviewed. Then theoretical background are introduced for the estimate of demand. As a methodology of this research, Cubic model is applied to estimate the demand of manpower by using 10 year time series data from 1993 to 2002. This paper also surveyed the supply side of port and logistics industry manpower in Busan area. The amounts of mismatched equilibrium between the demand and the supply are measured in this study. The concluding remarks shows some suggestions for the problem of mismatch and the relating policy planning.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2016

Yield management, which originated from the U.S. service industry, uses pricing techniques and information systems to make demand management decisions. Demand uncertainty is an important factor in the area of demand management. A key strategy to reduce the effects of demand uncertainty is substitution. The most generally known type of substitution is inventory-driven substitution, in which consumers substitute an out-of-stock product by buying a similar or other type of product. Another type of substitution is the price-driven substitution, which occurs as a result of price changes. In this research, we consider two market segments that have unique perishable products. We develop yield management optimization models with stochastic demand based on the newsvendor model where inventory-driven and price-driven substitutions are allowed between products in the two market segments. The most significant contribution of this research is that it develops analytical procedures to determine optimal solutions and considers both types of substitution. We also provide detailed theoretical analysis and numerical examples.