• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 B
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• pp.612-614
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• 1998

As chip feature size decrease, interconnect delay gains more importance. A accurate timing analysis required to estimate interconnect delay as well as cell delay. In this paper, we present a timing-level delay calculation tool of which the accuracy is bounded within 10% of SPICE results. This delay calculation tool generates delay values in SDF(Standard Delay Format) for parasitic data extracted in SPEF(Standard Parasitic Exchange Format). The efficiency of the tool is easily seen because it uses AWE(Asymptotic Waveform Evaluation) algorithm for interconnect delay calculation, and precharacterized library and effective capacitance model for cell delay calculation.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.650-660
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• 1993

This study aims to describe the causes of medically unnecessary hospital stay at a teaching tertiary hospital, using modified version of Delay Tool in which the causes of delay are divided into slx major categories : delay related to test scheduling, test results, surgery, medical staff, patient/family, and administration. For the analysis of hospital stay, 6,479 inpatient-days were reviewed in two medical and four surgical departments for one month. Initially inappropriate hospital stays were identified using Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol (AEP), and causes of delay listed in Delay Tool were assigned to each of them. In both medical and surgical services, the most important cause of delay was related to medical staffs, ranging from 3.6% to 51.6% of total inpatient days. Next important category was delay related to test scheduling in medical services ($4.7{\sim}9.2%$), and delay related to surgery in surgical services ($7.3{\sim}15.0%$). Among subcategories of delay related to medical staffs, delay due to conservative care was the most important cause of inappropriate hospital stay ($2.9{\sim}6.4%$). Each clinical departments had different distribution among delay categories, which could not be fully justified by their clinical charateristics. The Delay Tool would be helpful in exploring factors related to the inefficient use of hospital beds. As a measurement tool of inappropriate hospital stay, however, the Delay Tool should be refined in the definitions of categories and its contents.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2014

PURPOSES : The control delay in seconds per vehicle is the most important traffic operational index to evaluate the level of service of signalized intersections. Thus, it is very critical to calculate accurate control delay because it is used as a basic quantitative evidence for decision makings regarding to investments on traffic facilities. The control delay consists of time-in-queue delay, acceleration delay, and deceleration delay so that it is technically difficult to directly measure it from fields. Thus, diverse analysis tools, including CORSIM, SYNCHRO, T7F, VISTRO, etc. have been utilized so far. However, each analysis tool may use a unique methodology in calculating control delays. Therefore, the estimated values of control delays may be different by the selection of an analysis tool, which has provided difficulties to traffic engineers in making solid judgments. METHODS : This study was initiated to verify the feasibility of diverse analysis tools, including HCM methodology, CORSIM, SYNCHRO, T7F, VISTRO, in calculating control delays by comparing estimated control delays with that measured from a field. RESULTS : As a result, the selected tools produced quite different values of control delay. In addition, the control delay value estimated using a calibrated CORSIM model was closest to that measured from the field. CONCLUSIONS : First, through the in-depth experiment, it was explicitly verified that the estimated values of control delay may depend on the selection of an analysis tool. Second, among the diverse tools, the value of control delay estimated using the calibrated microscopic traffic simulation model was most close to that measured from the field. Conclusively, analysts should take into account the variability of control delay values according to the selection of a tool in the case of signalized intersection analysis.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.469-470
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• 2010

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 1997년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.336-340
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• 1997

This paper is a study about motor technic of motion and feedforward control in order to shape cutting control on the machine tool. The shape error caused by delay of the servo system in the direction of radius at the time of circular cutting is reduced by feedforward control, shape error generated by the position command delay is minimized by using the acceleration/deceleration time constant after the interpolation. The study was verified to optimization of motion control on experiments of a vertical machining center of the machine tool.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.27-40
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• 1991

Delay is an widely-used tool for evaluating the operation of signalized intersections. This paper presents two mathematical models: a model converting stop delay into approach delay : and a model estimating delay at isolated signalized intersection. To develop the delay-conversion model, actual stop delay and approach delay experienced by individual vehicles were measured and then their relationship was formulated using ma-thematical procedure. the formula expressing the approach-delay to stop-delay ratio was a monotonously decreasing function of effective red time. New delay model was developed based on the following criteria; the fitness to measured delay for undersaturated traffic condition and the convergence to the deterministic overflow delay for oversaturated traffic condition. Performance of this model was better than those of other existing models based on the comparison study.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.416-428
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• 1999

A user-interactive pixel design tool for high-quality TFT-LCDs is realized and used to explore the sensitivity of the various array and device parameters for optimizing pixel design. In this tool, the Thompson cable equation and gradual-channel approximation were used for the gate time delay and TFT current modeling respectively. With this tool, each capacitance element, and TFT and array dimensions can be optimized under given design specifications. The electrical characteristics such ascharging ratio, gate time delay, pixel voltage level-shift, and holding ratio can be analyzed. The sensitivity analysis of those design parameters were executed and presented.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.603-610
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• 2004

Time delays are included in most of actual systems, and some of which are shown as time varying. To analyze the time varying time delay system in the time domain. a useful delay module to express the function as a tool is much helpful to get corresponding outputs under given conditions. A method is proposed here to design the algorithm of time delay module for simulation or control purposes, including the problems of initializing and reallocating data in buffer. After classifying the time varying time delay into the distributed mode and lumped mode, an object to describe delay module is configured and tested under the defined input signal and given time delay variation. The simulation results show that the output of module matches reasonably with the case of real system.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2022

Objectives: Early detection of developmental issues in infants and necessary intervention are important. To identify the comorbid conditions, a comprehensive evaluation is required. The study's objectives were to 1) generate scale items by identifying and eliciting concepts relevant to young children (12-71 months) with developmental delays, 2) develop a comprehensive screening tool for developmental delay and comorbid conditions, and 3) assess the tool's validity and cut-off. Methods: Multidisciplinary experts devised the "Infant Comprehensive Evaluation for Neurodevelopmental Delay (ICEND)," an assessment method that comes in two versions depending on the age of the child: 12-36 months and 37-71 months, through monthly seminars and focused group interviews. The ICEND is composed of three parts: risk factors, resilience factors, and clinical scales. In parts 1 and 2, there were 41 caretakers responded to the questionnaires. Part 3 involved clinicians evaluating ten subscales using 98 and 114 questionnaires for younger and older versions, respectively. The Child Behavior Checklist, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Infant-Toddler Social Emotional Assessment, and Korean Developmental Screening Test for Infants and Children were employed to analyze concurrent validity with the ICEND. The analyses were performed on both typical and high-risk infants to identify concurrent validity, reliability, and cut-off scores. Results: A total of 296 people participated in the study, with 57 of them being high-risk (19.2%). The Cronbach's alpha was positive (0.533-0.928). In the majority of domains, the ICEND demonstrated a fair discriminatory ability, with a sensitivity of 0.5-0.7 and specificity 0.7-0.9. Conclusion: The ICEND is reliable and valid, indicating its potential as an auxiliary tool for assessing neurodevelopmental delay and comorbid conditions in children aged 12-36 months and 37-71 months.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.641-648
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• 2003

본 논문은 가변 패킷을 사용하는 일반적인 망에서 실시간 세션이 이종의 여러 스케줄러들을 통과할 때 네트워크가 보장하는 지연의 한계를 추출하는 범용 도구를 제안한다. 이 도구는 이질적인 각 스케줄러를 동질적인 서비스 곡선 서버로 특성화한다. 우리는 서비스 곡선 서버가 LR 서버보다 엄격히 큰 범주의 스케줄러들을 특성화할 수 있음을 보인다 즉, 모든 LR 서버는 서비스 곡선 서버로 특성화할 수 있고, 또한 RC-EDF와 SC 알고리즘조차도 서비스 곡선 서버로 정확히 특성화할 수 있음을 보인다. 이와 같이 서비스 곡선 서버는 LR 서버에 비해서 범용성 관점에서 큰 장점이 있으면서도 분석 결과가 정확하다. 우리는 LR 서버들로 분석할 수 있는 네트워크의 경우도 서비스 곡선 서버로 분석했을 때, 두 경우 모두 동일한 지연의 한계를 추출함을 수학적으로 증명한다.