• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of application levels of swine manure fermented with sawdust(SMFS) and degree of the slope on productivity of corn, and nitrogen and organic matter runoff in corn cultivation soil. Main plots were consisted of the degree of slope, such as 0, 5 and 10, and the subplots consisted of application levels of SMFS, such as control, 200kgNha and 400kgNha. Lysimeter was constructed with 0.33m width, 3m length and 0.4m height. Dry matter(DM) yields of corn decreased as the slope increased but there was no significant differences between the degree of the slope. DM yields increased significantly as application levels of SMFS increased (pc0.05). DM yields decreased according to continuous cultivation of corn. Total nitrogen(TN) contents of the whole corn decreased as the slope increased(p<0.05). TN content in SMFS treatments was higher than that of non-SMFS treatment but there was no significantly different between SMFS treatments. TN yields decreased significantly as the slope and the application level of SMFS increased(p<0.05). Nitrogen and organic matter yields in the runoff waters increased as the slope and application levels of SMFS increased. The runoff of nitrogen and organic matter was more affected by the increase of the slope than application levels of SMFS. (Key words : Corn, Runoff, Swine manure, Degree of slope, Lysimeter)

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2001

This study investigated the heat transmission coefficient through the experiment that the skylight, slope window of 60 degree and 30 degree consisted of pair glass and the double window of external window and internal window paper were suitable for heat insulation. As the result of experiment, the heat transmission coefficient of slope window was 1.06 times in the 60 degree, 1.18 times in the 30 degree and 1.31 times in the skylight as a standard lateral window. The heat transmission coefficient in the double window of external window and internal window paper was 3.017$\textrm{㎉}$/$\textrm{m}^2$.hr.$^{\cire}C$. The slope window was not suitable for the prescription by the increase of the heat transmission coefficient, so the user must pay attention to the treatment. This study investigated only the slope window of 12mm and 16mm pair glass and the double window of external window and internal window paper, study on the various pattern of window must be achived in a future.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of soil erosion on the fill-slope of forest road by elapsed years after road construction. Thirteen plots were established on the fill-slope of the newly-constructed forest road, and surveyed for two years(1997~1998). In these plots, the data about soil erosion, surface runoff, vegetation coverage, slope structural characteristics and rainfall were collected. In 1997, the major causes for soil erosion were found by the correlation coefficients with the amount of surface runoff from the fill-slope, vegetation coverage, slope length, slope degree, total rainfall and max. 1 hour rainfall. But, in 1998, the major causes for soil erosion were vegetation coverage and slope degree. Using the stepwise multiple regression method, in 1997, the amount of soil erosion from the fill-slope was complexly expressed as a exponential function of statistically significant the amount of surface runoff from the fill-slope, total rainfall, slope degree of fill-slope and vegetation coverage, but, in 1998, simply expressed as a exponential function of vegetation coverage.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제95권6호
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• pp.649-656
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• 2006

인공강우발생장치를 이용하여 4년간 대구 동구지역에 발생한 산불발생지를 대상으로 산불발생지사면의 토양침식량을 계량화하기 위하여 산불발생 후 경과년수에 띠라 각 지역에 대한 강우강도 및 경사별로 토양침식량을 관측하여 산불발생지의 토양침식 특성을 구명하고, 또한 토양침식량과 강우강도, 경사, 경과년수와의 관계를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 산불발생연도별 토양침식량은 강우강도가 30 mm/hr씩 증가함에 따라서 1.9~5.7배 증가하였고, 경사가 $10^{\circ}$씩 증가함에 따라서는 1.4~14.2배 증가하였다. 2. 산불발생당년에는 강우강도 80 mm/hr, 경사 $30^{\circ}$에 대해 초기 강우 10분 동안 토양침식이 많이 발생하였으며, 시간이 경과할수록 점차 그 양이 감소하는 경향을 보였고, 산불발생 후 2년 뒤부터는 강우강도 및 경사별로 경과시간에 따른 토양침식량은 거의 일정하였다. 3. 산불발생 후 경과년수에 따라 강우강도 및 경사별 토양침식량은 산불발생 3년 후의 경우 발생당년에 비해 28.9%~94.1%로 감소하였고, 산불발생당년에는 강우강도 및 경사별로 토양침식량이 많았으며, 산불발생 후 2년 뒤부터 점차 토양침식량의 감소추세가 둔화되었다. 4. 산불발생지사면에서의 토양침식량에 대해 각 인자간의 영향성을 분석한 결과, 강우강도, 경사, 경과년수의 각각의 주효과와 강우강도${\times}$경사, 강우강도${\times}$경과년수의 상호작용 효과에 대해서는 차이를 보였고, 경사${\times}$경과년수, 강우강도${\times}$경사${\times}$경과년수의 상호작용 효과에 대해서는 차이가 없었다. 토양침식량에 영향을 미치는 인자의 영향도는 강우강도가 가장 큰 영향을 미치고 다음이 경사, 경과년수의 순이었다. 5. 토양침식량과 이에 영향을 미치는 인자들과의 상관관계에 있어서, 강우강도, 경사간에는 1%수준에서 유의적인 정(+)의 상관관계가 있었고, 경과년수는 1%수준에서 유의적인 부(-)의 상관관계가 나타났다. 6. 토양침식량과 이에 영향을 미치는 인자들과의 회귀분석 결과, 산불발생지사면에서 토양침식량을 설명하는데 유의한 인자는 강우강도, 경사, 경과년수이었다. 7. 강우강도, 경사, 경과년수를 이용하여 다음과 같은 토양침식량 추정식을 산출하였다. S.E = 0.092R.I + 0.211D.S - 0.942E.Y(S.E : 토양침식량, R.I: 강우강도, D.S: 경사, E.Y: 경과년수)

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.33-48
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to discover the landscape visual image of the slope scene and their harmony with surrounding sceneries. This research utilized the basic study tool of psycho-physics and processed the case study of ten types of slope construction scene along the highway. The analysis was performed by the data obtained from the questionnaires and the photos for the slope construction scene. The questionnaires for analysis the image of the slope construction scene and their harmony with surrounding sceneries were designed using semantic differential scale and 5 point Likert-scale. The major findings were as follows. 1. At the part of the visual preferences analysis, the slope revegetation methods showed high level of preferences generally than on the slope structure methods. While the slope revegetation methods were estimated friendly, continuity, harmonious, soft, light and wide, the slope revegetation methods were estimated unstable, female, static, simple, omnipresent, appeared as policeman of weak inclination. Also the slope structure methods were estimated stable, manly, complicated, steep and healthy but rough, unharmonious, unfamiliar and heavy. 2. Psychological factors, related to the satisfaction for the slope revegetation methods were composed of three factors, aesthetic, individuality and physical character. And the slope structure methods were composed of five factors, aesthetic, individuality, stability, physical character, and complexity. 3. At the part of harmony with surrounding landscapes, the slope revegetation methods were evaluated highly but the slope structure methods received the lowest evaluation. Also the harmony analysis with surrounding view on the slope revegetation methods showed degree of high more than average in all texture, form, color and scale but the slope structure methods showed degree of fewer than average degree in form, scale, color and texture.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2000년도 창립총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.141-144
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• 2000

The slope stability of waste landfill has been a problem in domestic and foreign countries. Waste landfills are being constructed in a reclaimed land or mountainous area. But most of these places are consisted of steep slope and hence it is necessary to use the geosynthetic liners in there. The large size direct shear test(30cm x 30cm) equipment was used to determine the interface friction angles between CCLs and soil & geomembranes. The centrifuge model tests were performed to investigate the slope stability with considering various geosynthetic liners conditions and degree of slope. The results of centrifuge model test indicate that the degree of saturation of GCL, roughness of geomembrane, and slope of landfill have greatly influenced on the slope stability of solid waste landfill.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 초청강연 및 논문집
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• pp.1365-1371
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• 2008

Based on the data obtained from field investigation and soil testing to slope hazards occurrence section and non-occurrence section in gneiss area, a prediction technique was developed by the use of a decision tree model. The slope hazards data of Seoul and Kyonggi Province were 104 sections in gneiss area. The number of data applied in developing prediction model was 61 sections except a vacant value. The statistical analyses using the decision tree model were applied to the entrophy index. As the results of analyses, a slope angle, a degree of saturation and an elevation were selected as the classification standard. The prediction model of decision tree using entrophy index is most likely accurate. The classification standard of the selected prediction model is composed of the slope angle, the degree of saturation and the elevation from the first choice stage. The classification standard values of the slope angle, the degree of saturation and elevation are $17.9^{\circ}$, 52.1% and 320m, respectively.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.165-175
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• 2006

사면거동 및 파괴를 분석하기 위하여, 일반적으로 암반사면에는 Polynomial model, 토사사면에는 Growth model을 별도로 적용하여 사용하여 왔다. 이 기법은 사면의 파괴예측보다 사면의 누적변위를 묘사하기 위한 그래프 형태 위주이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 사면의 거동보다는 파괴 예측에 초점을 맞추어 일반적으로 사용되는 두 모델을 병합하여 파괴예측을 위한 Asymptote(점근선)과 누적변위량도 같이 묘사할 수 있는 3차 방정식 모델 (3-degree polynomial model)로 단일화 할 것을 제안하여 현장 계측 data를 분석하였다. 국도 절취 사면부인 단양군 고수재 사면과 영덕군 축산면에 위치한 영덕 사면에 본 해석 모델을 적용하였다. 고수재는 토사사면으로 Growth model에 다른 거동을 나타내었고, 영덕사면은 Polynomial model에 따른 거동을 나타내었다. 분석결과, Polynomial model 과 Growth model로 구분된 해석 모델 형태를 $y=ax^3+bx^2+cx+d$ 의 형태를 가지는 3차 방정식을 사용하면, 하나의 모델로 사면의 거동 및 파괴를 해석할 수 있으며, 그 거동 해석 및 파괴 예측능력이 더 우수하다는 것이 증명되었다. Polynomial model의 경우, 방정식의 차수를 증가시켜도, 그래프의 $R^2$값과 형태가 유사함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.765-776
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• 2005

As a result of industrial advancement and land development, a number of highway slopes have been gradually formed and numerous problems related to their stability have been frequently caused. Generally, major factors for rock slope stability are lithology, slope inclination, slope height, degree of weathering, precipitation, condition of groundwater and so onl. Many complex factors are mostly involved in the collapse of rock slopes. In this study, a database for 94 collapsed Jungang highway slopes were set up using GIS program through literature search, site investigation, geological map and Korea tectonic province map. The analyses for the collapsed factor including sort of rock(by origin), tectonic province, highway direction, slope gradient and direction, degree of weathering, slope height were carried.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제95권3호
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• pp.350-357
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• 2006

인공강우발생장치를 이용하여 산불발생지를 대상으로 산불발생 후 경과년수에 따라 각 지역에 대한 강우강도 및 경사별로 지표유출량을 관측하여 산불발생지의 지표유출 특성을 구명하고, 또한 지표유출량과 강우강도, 경사, 경과년수와의 관계를 분석하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 산불발생연도별 지표유출량은 강우강도가 30 mm/hr씩 증가함에 따라서 2.2~3.2배 증가하였으며, 경사가 $10^{\circ}$씩 증가함에 따라서는 1.5~1.9배 증가하였다 2. 산불발생지에서 지피식생이 80% 이상 피복되더라도 초기강우 때의 지표유출량은 다소 많이 발생하여, 식생에 의한 유출량 감소효과는 높지 않았다. 3. 산불발생 후 경과년수에 따라 강우강도 및 경사별로 구분한 지표유출량은 산불발생 3년 후의 경우 발생당년에 비해 22.3%~41.8%로 감소하였고, 산불발생당년에는 강우강도 및 경사별로 지표유출량에 많은 차이가 있었으나 시간이 경과할수록 그 차이가 작아졌다. 4. 산불발생지사변에서의 지표유출량에 대해 각 인자간의 영향성을 분석한 결과, 강우강도, 경사, 경과년수의 각각의 주효과와 강우강도${\times}$경사, 강우강도${\times}$경과년수의 상호작용 효과에 대해서는 차이를 보였고, 경사${\times}$경과년수, 강우강도${\times}$경사${\times}$경과년수의 상호작용 효과에 대해서는 차이가 없었다. 지표유출량에 영향을 미치는 인자의 영향도는 강우강도가 가장 큰 영향을 미치고 다음이 경사, 경과년수의 순이었다.