• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 전산유동해석을 통해 송풍기에서 공급되는 공기가 덕트 배관과 원탄 선별망을 통과하며 발생하는 유동 편향을 분석하였다. 공기 유동의 유동 편향은 송풍기 볼류트 형상과 유로의 형상 특성으로부터 대부분 발생하며, 유로 내부의 정류망이나 출구의 원탄 선별망은 강력한 압력 손실을 발생시켜 유동 편향을 감쇠하는 효과를 초래한다. 전산유동해석은 ANSYS CFX 2022 R2를 사용하였으며, 정류망과 원탄 선별망은 작은 구멍 다수가 일정하게 분포되어있는 타공판 형상이기 때문에 실제 모델링을 통한 해석은 불가능하다. 따라서 Porous Loss Model을 적용하였다. 유동 편향의 평가는 전산유동해석 결과의 원탄 선별망 Porous Loss Model의 출구 면에 대한 속도 분포를 대상으로 분석하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.10-17
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• 2016

본 연구는 단경간 교량의 정적하중입력/변위출력관계를 이용한 새로운 교량 유한요소모델 개선 방법을 제안하였고, 실내 모형교량 실험을 통해 검증하였다. 기존의 유한요소모델개선기법은 실험으로부터 얻어진 모드계수와 유한요소모델로부터 예측된 모드계수가 유사해지도록 유한요소모델을 개선하는데, 이 과정에서 구조계의 질량행렬에 대한 가정을 필요로 한다. 제안된 기법은 질량행렬을 가정하지 않고, 오히려 질량행렬 추정을 가능하게 하는 장점을 가진다. 제안된 기법은 두 단계로 구성된다. 첫째, 정적 하중입력-변위응답으로부터 강성행렬을 개선하고, 둘째, 실측된 고유진동수를 이용하여 질량행렬을 개선한다. 실험검증을 위하여 실내 모형교량을 제작하였고, 제안된 기법을 이용하여 모형교량의 탄성계수를 추정하였으며, Universal Testing Machine으로 부터 얻어진 탄성계수와 비교하였다. 또한 기존의 유한요소모델개선기법으로 추정된 탄성계수와 비교하였다. 실험의 결과들로부터 제안된 기법이 합리적으로 탄성계수와 질량밀도를 추정하는 것이 관찰되었고, 기존의 유한요소모델개선기법은 고차모드를 사용했을 때 상대적으로 큰 오차를 주는 것이 관찰되었다. 추가적으로 유한요소모델링 오차에 대하여 토의하였다.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.81-92
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• 1998

앵커로 지지된 토류벽의 거동 해석기법에는 한계평형이론해석 (Limit Equilibrium Analysis), 유한요소해석(Finite Element Analysis), 그리고 탄소성보 해석법(Beam on Elasto-Plastic Foundation) 등이 있다. 이 중에서 탄소성보 해석법은 토류벽체의 변위, 휨모멘트, 토압분포 등을 구할 수 있고 유한요소해석에 비해 입력자료가 간편한 장점으로 인하여 널리 사용되어 왔다 (Haliburton. 1968.; Pfister등.. 1982: Briaud와 김 낙경, 1998), 탄소성보 해석법은 토류벽체를 탄성보로 모델링하고 지반을 탄소성 토압-변위 곡선 (Elasto-Plastic p-y Curve)으로 표시되는 스프링으로 모델링 하여 지반-토류벽 상호작용을 해석하는 기법이다. 그러므로 앵커토류벽의 탄소성보 해석법은 실제 거동을 모사할 수 있는 토압-변위 곡선의 구성 여부에 따라 그 해석 결과가 좌우된다. 본 논문에서는 미 국립토질시험장(U.S. National Geotechnical experimentation Site)에서 시공된 앵커토류벽의 변위,휨모멘트 계측자료로부터 Cubic Spline 함수를 이용하여 시공단계별로 토류벽에 작용하는 토압을 산정함으로서 토압-변위 곡선을 구성하였다. 구성된 토압-변위 곡선을 이용하여 탄소성 보해석을 실시하여 실측된 변위 및 휨모멘트와 비교함으로서 실험적인 토압-변위 곡선을 평가하고 시공단계를 적절히 고려할 수 있는 탄소성보 해석기법을 제안하였다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.579-588
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• 2017

Creep and shrinkage are the main types of volume change with time in concrete. These changes cause deflection, cracking and stresses that affect durability, serviceability, long-term reliability and structural integrity of civil engineering infrastructure. Although laboratory test may be undertaken to determine the deformation properties of concrete, these are time-consuming, often expensive and generally not a practical option. Therefore, relatively simple empirically design code models are relied to predict the creep strain. This paper reviews the accuracy of creep and shrinkage predictions of reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls structures strengthened with carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates, which is characterized by a widthwise varying fibre volume fraction. This review is yielded by three commonly used international "code type" models. The assessed are the: CEB-FIP MC 90 model, ACI 209 model and Bazant & Baweja (B3) model. The time-dependent behavior was investigated to analyze their seismic behavior. In the numerical formulation, the adherents and the adhesives are all modelled as shear wall elements, using the mixed finite element method. Several tests were used to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method. Numerical results from the present analysis are presented to illustrate the significance of the time-dependency of the lateral displacements and eigenfrequencies modes.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.387-393
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• 2012

It is very difficult to determine suitable cutting conditions in order to obtain accurate cutting profiles because machining errors caused by tool deflection depend upon cutting conditions. In this study the relationship between real cutting profiles (inclined shapes and machining errors) and cutting conditions was modeled in order to fabricate draft angle on micro molds. CCD (Central Composite Design) of DOE (Design Of Experiment) and RSM (Response Surface Method) were applied in order to model the relationship between cutting conditions and machining errors. In order to use CCD the range of radial depth of cut was chosen by $10-90{\mu}m$ and the range of feedrate was chosen by 200-300mm/min, and 9 points of cutting conditions were chosen inside determined ranges. Then, actual cutting processes were carried out as respect to 9 points of cutting conditions, draft angles and real cutting profiles were measured on cutting profiles, each response surface function was determined by conducting response surface analysis and the functions were represented by 3-dimensional graphs, contour lines and $101{\times}101$ matrices. Consequently it is possible to determine suitable cutting conditions in order to obtain arbitrary given draft angles and cutting profiles by using modeling. To validate proposed approach in this study suitable cutting conditions were determined by modeling in order to obtain arbitrary given draft angle and cutting profile, and actual cutting processes were carried out. About 95% of good agreement between predicted and measured values was obtained.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.355-374
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• 2016

This paper presents and compares a one-dimensional (1D) bending theory for piezoelectric thin beam-type structures with resistive-inductive electrodes to ANSYS$^{(R)}$ three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) analysis. In particular, the lateral deflections and vibrations of slender piezoelectric beams are considered. The peculiarity of the piezoelectric beam model is the modeling of electrodes in such a manner that is does not fulfill the equipotential area condition. The case of ideal, perfectly conductive electrodes is a special case of our 1D model. Two-coupled partial differential equations are obtained for the lateral deflection and for the voltage distribution along the electrodes: the first one is an extended Bernoulli-Euler beam equation (second-order in time, forth order in space) and the second one the so-called Telegrapher's equation (second-order in time and space). Analytical results of our theory are validated by 3D electromechanically coupled FE simulations with ANSYS$^{(R)}$. A clamped-hinged beam is considered with various types of electrodes for the piezoelectric layers, which can be either resistive and/or inductive. A natural frequency analysis as well as quasi-static and dynamic simulations are performed. A good agreement between the extended beam theory and the FE results is found. Finally, the practical relevance of this type of electrodes is shown. It is found that the damping capability of properly tuned resistive or resistive-inductive electrodes exceeds the damping performance of beams, where the electrodes are simply linked to an optimized impedance.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.381-395
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• 2009

This paper presents the details of an advanced Finite Element (FE) analysis of a plane steel portal frame with semi-rigid beam-to-column connections subjected cyclic loading. In spite of several component models on cyclic behaviour of connections presented in the literature, works on numerical investigations on cyclic behaviour of full scale frames are rather scarce. This paper presents the evolution of an FE model which deals comprehensively with the issues related to cyclic behaviour of full scale steel frames using ABAQUS software. In the material modeling, combined kinematic/isotropic hardening model and isotropic hardening model along with Von Mises criteria are used. Connection non-linearity is also considered in the analysis. The bolt slip which happens in friction grip connection is modeled. The bolt load variation during loading, which is a pivotal issue in reality, has been taken care in the present model. This aspect, according to the knowledge of the authors, has been first time reported in the literature. The numerically predicted results using the methodology evolved in the present study, for the cyclic behaviour of a cantilever beam and a rigid frame, are validated with experimental results available in the literature. The moment-rotation and deflection responses of the evolved model, match well with experimental results. This proves that the methodology for evolving the steel frame and connection model presented in this paper is closer to real frame behaviour as evident from the good comparison and hence paves the way for further parametric studies on cyclic behaviour of flexibly connected frames.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.2105-2114
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• 2006

In this paper, a simplified model is studied to predict analytically the vibration from the helical gear system due to an axial excitation of helical gears. The simplified model describes gear, shaft, bearing, and housing. In order to obtain the axial force of helical gears, the mesh stiffness is calculated in the load deflection relation. The axial force is obtained from the solution of the equation of motion, using the mesh stiffness. It is used as a longitudinal excitation of the shaft, which in turn drives the gear housing through the bearing. In this study, the shaft is modeled as a rod, while the bearing is modeled as a parallel spring and damper only supporting longitudinal forces. The gear housing is modeled as a clamped circular plate with viscous damping. For the modeling of this system, transfer matrices for the rod and bearing are used, using a spectral method with four pole parameters. The model is validated by finite element analysis. Using the model, parameter studies are carried out. As a result, the linearized dynamic shaft force due to the gear excitation in the frequency domain was proposed. Out-of-plan displacement from the forced vibrating circular plate and the renewed mode normalization constant of the circular plate were also proposed. In order to control the axial vibration of the helical gear system, the plate was more important than the shaft and the bearing. Finally, the effect of the dominant design parameters for the gear system can be investigated by this model.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.637-640
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• 2005

In this paper, we investigate the characteristics of a piezoresistive AFM cantilever in the range of $0\~30{\mu}N$ by using nano force calibrator (NFC), which consists of a high precision balance with resolution of 1 nN and 1-D fine positioning stage. Brief modeling of the cantilever is presented and then, the calibration results are shown. Tests revealed a linear relationship between the probing force and sensor output (resistance change), and the force vs. deflection. From this relationship, the force constant of the cantilever was calculated to 3.45 N/m with a standard deviation of 0.01 N/m. It shows that there is a big difference between measured and nominal spring constant of 1 N/m provided by the manufacturer s specifications.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.105-117
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• 2016

The objective of this work is to study the restraining effect in fire resistance of framed structures and to evaluate the global response of reinforced concrete frames when exposed to fire based on advanced finite element method. To study the response a single portal frame is analyzed. The effect of floor slab on this frame is studied by modeling a beam-column-slab assembly. The evolution of temperature distribution, internal stresses and deformations of the frame subjected to ISO 834 standard fire curve for both the frames are studied. The thermal and structural responses are evaluated and a comparison of results of individual members and entire structure is done. From the study it can be seen that restraining forces has significant influence on both stresses and deflection and overall response of the structure when compared to individual structural member. Among the various structural elements, columns are the critical members in fire and failure of column causes the failure of entire structure. The fire rating of various structural elements of the frame is determined by various failure criteria and is compared with IS456 2000 tabulated fire rating.