• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.367-374
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed at understanding the correlation between self-esteem, death anxiety, and spiritual wellbeing in university students. Methods: Cross-sectional method was used 671 students in South Korea. This study used the Self-esteem developed by Rosenberg, the Fear of Death Scale revised by Lester and Abdel-Khalek, and Spiritual wellbeing developed by Paloutzian and Ellison. Results: Relationships between self-esteem, death anxiety, and spiritual wellbeing revealed an inverse correlation between self-esteem and death anxiety, and a direct correlation between self-esteem and spiritual wellbeing. Conclusion: In order for students of establishing identity to lead a healthy life, there is a need for studies aiming at developing, implementing, and evaluating the results of consultation and education programs for maintaining spiritual wellbeing such as psychological counseling and logotherapy at the university or regional community level.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.7-19
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to examine nursing college students' knowledge of and attitudes toward brain death, organ donation and organ transplantation. The research design utilized in this study was a descriptive research design. The data were collected from September 7 to 14, 1998, by means of strutted questionnaire. To measure students' knowledge of brain death, organ donation and organ transplantation, Joo's(1995) instrument was used. The questionnaire was composed of 22 items. To measure students' attitudes toward organ donation and organ transplantation, s(1995) Instrument was used. The questionnaire was composed of 22 items. The data were analyzed by frequency, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient using the SAS program. The results were as follows : 1. Students' knowledge of brain death, organ donation and organ transplantation was 9-20. The mean score was 15.36, with 22, the highest possible score. There was statistically significant difference between students' knowledge and approval on the brain death recognition group(t=9.75, p=0.002). 2. Students' altitudes toward organ do nation and organ transplantation showed is mean score of 3.61 on a 5 attitudes points Liken scale. More than 80% of respondents agreed that organ transplantation can offer a high quality of life to the recipient and is an acceptable form of medical treatment. The health care costs associated with organ transplantation are worth itif another's life can be saved. Students felt it important to help others who are very ill. Also, by donating organs, students felt a part of their own body would continue to live by making it possible for someone else to live. Only 2.9% of students objected to organ donation for religious reasons. There was statistically significant difference among students' attitudes, experienced blood donor group(t=17.04, p=0.000), approval on the brain death recognition group (t=21.06, p=0.000), organ donation agreement group(t=46.13, p=0.000).

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.329-339
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to consider of meaning in life based on Frankl's theory and to propose of hospice nursing according to conceptual framework of meaning in life. The conceptual framework of meaning in life is composed of 4 phases. According to the first phase, acceptance & awareness of self and life, hospice nurse should helps dying patient to accept limitedness of human existence and death. and according to the second phase, actualization of creative value, hospice nurse can helps dying patient to discover meaning in life through doing a deed for last time before his death. According to the third phase, actualization of experiential value, hospice nurse can helps them to discovery of meaning by experiencing of love through meetings with other people, nature, and god. According to the forth phase, actualization of attitudinal value, hospice nurse can helps them to discovery of meaning by realizing meaning in suffering and death through exercising of the inner freedom to choose bravery and acceptance in the face of death and misfortune. As mentioned above, the Frankl's theory accords with the core of hospice nursing that helps people to accomplish human essence in suffering and death. therefore we accepted Frankl's point of view, asserted that one of the most important roles of a hospice nurse as a supporter and sustainer for dying patients is to help patients to find meaning in life even in the course of death. To achieve the goal, hospice nurses should try to have a firm faith through philosophical introspection about life, death, human existence and meaning in life what the most important goal of life is to discover meaning in life and human have the duty and responsibility of recognizing and pursuing meaning up to the last moment of life.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.688-698
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of perception of good death and knowledge toward advance directive on attitude toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment among university hospital nurses. The subjects of this study were 207 university hospital nurses. Data were analyzed using the SPSS Statistics 24.0 version. The results showed that factors influencing attitude toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment were perception of good death (𝛽=-.32, p<.001), education experience for good death (𝛽=.15, p=.024), and knowledge toward advance directive (𝛽=.14, p=.036). They explained 14.2% of attitude toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment. Based on the results of this study, it suggests the development of education programs for good death and life-sustaining treatment to improve the perception of good death, knowledge toward advance directive of university hospital nurses.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.503-517
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• 2022

This study was to investigate the social workers' psycho·social experiences and roles during the end-of-life care process in elderly long-term care facilities. As a result of data analysis through in-depth interviews, social workers experienced great exhaustion and burnout due to frequent death experiences during the end-of-life care process, and expressed regret for not being able to provide better service for the deceased and longing for loved ones. And in the event of a sudden death, social workers would undergo criticism and complaints. The main roles of social workers during end-of-life care were to contact and communicate with family members when signs of death appeared and support them after the death. The necessity of standardized manuals and education for end-of-life care, a recharging program and support group to prevent burnout of social workers, and a legal safety net for emergency preparedness and emergency measures were suggested. The necessity of death preparation education, hospice care, and advance medical directive was also emphasized for the dignified death of the elderly.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 2018

Purpose: This study examined the effects of a hospice palliative education program for adults on their perception of hospice, attitude towards death, and meaning of life. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group design. Among 43 participants, 22 were assigned to the non-equivalent experimental group and 21 to the control group. The hospice palliative education program comprised 10 three-hour sessions, each given once a week. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test and ${\chi}^2-test$ using SPSS version 20.0. Results: Significant differences between the experimental and control groups were observed in their perception of hospice (t=6.63, P<0.001), attitude towards death (t=2.36, P=0.023), and meaning of life (t=5.06, P<0.001). Conclusion: The results indicate that this education program could positively affect the perception of hospice, attitude toward death, and meaning of life in adults. More studies are warranted to explore the effects of this education program for various age groups so that it may help more people get positive understanding of hospice palliative care. The results suggest this program could help improve the negative perception of hospice, negative attitude towards death and meaning of life that are generally held by the public.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.227-237
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify nursing students' knowledge and attitude toward advance directives and factors influencing the attitude. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used and 196 nursing students participated in the study. Data were collected from July 1 to August 30, 2018 using a structured questionnaire which included biomedical ethics, awareness of good death, knowledge and attitude toward advance directives. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 25.0 program with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and multiple regression. Results: The mean score of biomedical ethics, awareness of good death, knowledge and attitude toward advance directives were $2.88{\pm}0.59$, $3.18{\pm}0.48$, $7.68{\pm}31.32$, $31.00{\pm}3.09$. Factors influencing the attitude toward advance directives were awareness of good death (${\beta}=.28$, p<.001), intention of writing their advance directives (${\beta}=.19$, p=.006), the knowledge related to advance directives (${\beta}=.15$, p=.029). A total of 14% of attitude toward advance directives was explained by awareness of good death, the knowledge related to advance directives, and ntention of writing their advance directives. Conclusion: The findings of the study indicate that it is necessary to provide a systemic education program regarding advance directives for nursing students in order to provide knowledge related to advance directives and to help them establish positive attitudes toward advance directives.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.213-219
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was done for the purpose of comparing death orientation scores of nurses before and after a hospice training program. Method: The participants were 56 nurses who completed the hospice training program at C university in Kwang Ju city. The data were gathered from October 2001 to December 2002 by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using frequency, paired t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results: The mean scores for death orientation before and after hospice training were mid range scores of 57.2 and 57.0 respectively and this difference was not significant. The death orientation score before hospice training was significantly different according to the 'work place (F=3.16, p=.033)' of nurses but after the hospice training there was no significant difference for any of the general characteristics. The death orientation scores before and after hospice training showed no correlation with the religiosity score either. Conclusion: Considering the mid range scores and the lack of significant difference after the intervention, this study shows that there is a need to analyze the content of hospice education programs and the need to change death orientation. This is especially true when the participants are professional hospice nurses who are being prepared to give care to people who are dying. In order to develop more appropriate programs there is a need to examine the process by which nurses come to view death more positively.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.323-332
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the terminal care stress of nurses in intensive care units in terms of their death perception, attitude toward terminal care, and mental health. Methods: This descriptive study collected data from 118 nurses in intensive care units in one tertiary referral hospital and three general hospitals. The instruments used in the study were the Terminal Care Stress Assessment Tool, the View of Life and Death Scale, the Frommelt Attitudes toward Nursing Care of the Dying Scale (FATCOD), and the Mental Health Assessment Tool. The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between terminal care stress and death perception (r=.31, p<.001). The factors significantly influencing the terminal care stress of the participants included gender (β=.33, p<.001), religion (β=.24, p=.004), and death perception (β=.35, p<.001), and the overall explanatory power was 23.1% (F=12.73, p<.001). Conclusion: To decrease terminal care stress among nurses, establishing the death perception of nurses based on value clarification about death may be necessary. Furthermore, this study suggests an intervention study examining the effect of an education program on terminal care stress among ICU nurses.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.229-237
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• 2020

Purpose: This paper aims to clarify the concept of well-dying in the sociocultural context of Korea. Methods: Walker and Avant's method was chosen for the concept analysis. Through a literature review of 36 papers, the attributes and definition of well-dying were derived. Results: The literature revealed that in Korean society, well-dying is defined as the process of actively preparing for death throughout life. The attributes of the concept are a reflection on death, death acceptance, searching for meaning, transcendence, advance decision-making, and sharing values with family. The motivation for thinking about death, the hope of dying with dignity, and the Korean cultural view of death precede the concept, followed by dying with dignity, personal and family happiness, and improved quality of life and death. Conclusion: This study may lead to the unification of concept use based on mutual understanding, thus enabling effective communication in research, education, and clinical settings. This can be the rationale for the development of tools and educational programs as well as establishing policies related to well-dying in Korea.