• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.105-112
• /
• 2011

More accurate evaluation of iodine consumption of Koreans can be made by measuring the urinary iodine excretion of people living in representative areas. The data about average iodine excretions by region, sex and age were gathered in order to suggest as a factor the criteria on the progress or prognosis of thyroid disease patients. This study was conducted on 3,000 subjects (2,000 Younggwang-gun residents and 1,000 Muan-gun residents) between July 2004 and August 2005. The data sampling was done based on stratified random sampling and the data were analyzed according to age (the subjects were divided into age groups, five years each) and sex of the subjects. Of the 3,000 subjects, a total of 1,592 people (1,174 in Younggwang-gun and 418 in Muan-gun) participated in this study, which used ISE (iodine ion selective electrode) to measure the concentration of iodine in urine. The 1,592 subjects are composed of 732 males and 860 females. The average urinary iodine excretion was $3.10{\pm}1.75mg/L$ (0.31~15.2 mg/L). The average iodine excretion of males was $3.09{\pm}1.61mg/L$ (0.42~15.2 mg/L) while it was $3.11{\pm}1.86mg/L$ (0.31~12.5 mg/L) among females, which represents no significant difference between males and females. However, the values were significantly higher than those of Europeans and Americans. There were statistically significant differences among the regions. When the data were analyzed according to age, females in their 40s were found to have a little less urinary iodine excretion and males had less and less iodine excretion as they get older. These results are deemed to have a statistically significant difference. This study was conducted on a large number of people (N=1,592) for the first time in Korea. If the data collected through this study can be regarded as the average urinary iodine excretion of Koreans, it is possible to conclude that the average iodine consumptions of Koreans are a lot more than Europeans and Americans. Thus, the effect of much iodine consumption should be studied further.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.12-21
• /
• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the dietary intake, anthropometric data, and association between two factors and main food sources contributing macronutrients for overweight and obese females. Subjects were 85 adult females (overweight : 28, obese 57) where mean age was 38.7y. The results are summarized as follows. Mean fat percent, BMI, obesity rate were 29.3, 23.9 and 15.1%, respectively for overweight women and 32.7, 28.3, 36.4%, respectively for obese women. There were significant differences for most of the anthropometric data between groups. Fat percent for all subjects was significantly correlated with weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, mid arm circumference or skinfold thickness for the triceps, subscapular and suprailiac (p < 0.001). The parameter which showed the highest correlation coefficient (r=0.6156) with fat Percentage was the waist to hip ratio. Any significant differences were not found in dietary intake of nutrients or in diet composition between groups. The mean energy intake was 2090.1kcal (104% of RDA) for overweight women and 2113.0kcal (106% of RDA) for obese women. PFC ratio for overweight was 17 : 24 : 59 and 18 : 23 : 58 for obese subjects, which can be regarded as higher fat and lower carbohydrate percentages compared to recommended PFC ratio (15 20 65) .4) Fat intake was positively correlated (r : 0.2301, p < 0.05) with the triceps skinfold thickness, protein intake was also positively correlated with waist circumference (r=0.2668, p < 0.05) or fat weight(r: 0.2406, p < 0.05) .5) The main food items that contributed to energy intake for overweight or obese subjects were similar (rice, pork, bread, grapes, barley) except com oil in overweight or instant noodle for obese group. The subjects in this study were taking less energy from rice and more energy from pork and bread than women from 98 National Health and Nutrition Survey. Because there were no significant differences of dietary data between overweight and obese group, further investigation considering basal metabolic rate or activity would be needed.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2010

Purpose: We investigated the relationship of depression and the ability to engage in activities of daily living in the elderly. Methods: Subjects (n = 182) were 60 years or older and who attended the Senior College of Gimhae Senior Welfare Center. We collected data via a questionnaire, through a Self- recording method and through individual interviews. We collected data on personal and general characteristics, level of depression, and activities of daily living. Results: Among all subjects, 51.1% reported having depressionMild depression was reported by 29.7% (54 subjects), moderate depression by 13.2% (24 subjects), and severe depression by 8.2% (15 subjects). Activities of daily living, including walking, climbing stairs, standing from a chair and sitting on and using toilets, using a telephone, bathing, shopping, cleaning house, and managing money were significantly lower in elderly subjects who were depressed (p<0.05). The greater the level of depression, the less able they were to engage in activities of daily living. Conclusion: These findings may help us achieve early detection of depression in the elderly and provide mediated arbitration so that they can have better health condition and greater ability to engage in activities of daily living.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.125-135
• /
• 2023

Purpose: The number of patients suffering from depression is rapidly increasing worldwide, and by 2030, it is expected to pose a severe social and economic burden. Reports suggest that approximately 30% of subjects with symptoms of depression do not attempt treatment. Therefore, predicting the characteristics of subjects with depressive symptoms who have not even attempted counseling treatment is essential to increase the participation rate for such treatment. This study intends to predict the participation rates for psychological counseling treatment for depression among subjects with depressive symptoms. Methods: This study used data from the 2021 Korea Community Health Survey (KCHS). Data analysis was carried out using a decision tree to design a model that predicted participation in psychological counseling for depression. Results: The results showed that subjects aged 65 to 74 had difficulty understanding the explanations of medical staff even though they did not have cognitive impairment. Only 11.1% of this group received psychological counseling, which was the lowest rate among the various age groups. Among the subjects, 62.4% of those aged 19-44 or 45-64, who had suicidal thoughts and attempted suicide, received psychological counseling and this was the highest rate among the age groups surveyed. Conclusion: The identification of people showing depressive symptoms is crucial for encouraging them to undertake treatment. Also, proper depression-oriented medical services should be developed and implemented for people with depressive symptoms who exhibit a blind spot towards attempting treatment.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.255-267
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze the affecting factors on self-efficacy of walking exercise. The subjects were 413 working men. Whose data and material were collected through an organized questionnaire from October, 1999 to May 2000. The major results of this were as follows； 1. 61.1％ of the subjects' major affecting factor was deep sleep, 65.0％ of the subjects' majo affecting facto was regular physical screening, 51.1％ of the subjects' regular exercise, 18.7％ of the subjects' walking exercise. 2. stages of change related to walking exercise of the subjects were as follows, 15.8％ of the subjects were in the precontemplation stage, 51.1％ of the subjects were in the precontemplation stage. 3. The average self-efficacy concerning walking exercise was 3.16 points. 4. With stepwise multiple regression, the most significant factor on self-efficacy related to walking exercise in stages of change was the preparation stage. According to the results of this study, a concrete practice program is needed to promote self-efficacy related walking exercise.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.126-135
• /
• 2011

This study is investigation into the number of major subjects and computer-using subjects in department of interior architecture-related in 2008 & 2010 year. We arranged and analyzed collected data by searching homepages of subjects to survey and was able to reach conclusions as follows : Firstly, the number of department of interior architecture-related has decreased in colleges and universities at the same time in 2010 than 2008. Secondary, computer-using subjects tended to open lower grades than higher grades, so students used to control computer softwares easily. Thirdly, the purposes of computer-related subjects divide to four parts, 2dimensional-drafting, 2dimensional presentation, 3dimensional design, 3dimensional presentation(modeling and rendering included). Fourthly, from average 4.7 to 4.3 subjects have opened each the two year(2008, 2010) in college and from average 4.7 to 2.5 subjects in universities. and each 4(or5) subjects in college and 2(or 3) subjects in universities are opened mostly. Fifthly, Computer-related subjects tend to decrease the number of opening those subjects in universities, however it is necessary to be opened four computer-related subjects at least in order to design by using computer softwares.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of the Korean medical examination protocol, which included 14 questionnaires and 20 medical examination devices. Methods: We conducted a pilot observational study of 90 subjects to measure the time required to fulfill each item of the Korean medical examination, to evaluate patient satisfaction, and to report improvements that can be made to the Korean medical examination protocol based on clinical coordinator and subject feedback. Results: Among the 90 subjects included in the study (59 women and 31 men; mean [standard deviation] age, 37.2 [12.3] years), over 80% intended to receive a Korean medical examination if hospitals provided it and would recommend a Korean medical examination to others. The average time spent on the overall Korean medical examination was approximately 88.0 (21.4) minutes. Three areas for improvements were reported: survey issues, including the number of items, understanding, and readability; error issues in device measurements; and environmental issues affecting the sequence of medical examinations and temperature. Conclusions: Most subjects were satisfied with the Korean medical examination. Future studies should be conducted with larger samples to collect data continuously.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.904-913
• /
• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate smoking cessation behavior of male taxi drivers in Korea on the basis of the Transtheoretical model(TTM), and to validate the usefulness of TTM. Method: Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire including smoking history and major factors of TTM from 208 subjects who were current smokers or ex-smokers. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and ANOVA. Result: Most subjects ($85.1\%$) were current smokers. Stages of change were precontemplation ($44.7\%$) and contemplation ($27.4\%$). Subjects in precontemplation stages had the lowest mean score in processes of change and the highest mean scores in decisional balance(pros) and temptation(positive affective, habitual/craving). According to stages of change, there were statistically significant differences in processes of change, decisional balance, and temptation. Conclusion: This study supported the generalization of TTM. As this study showed that the subjects didn't have motivation in smoking cessation, applying tailored smoking cessation programs for taxi drivers is needed.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.193-203
• /
• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate current circumstances of violence against wives, and to identify the wife's opinion of the spouse's punishment in domestic violence cases. Method: The subjects were 216 married women in G province. Data was gathered from November 22 to December 6, 2004. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, and the $x^2$-test using SPSS/Win 10.0 program. Results: About thirty six percent of the subjects had experience with domestic violence. There was a high prevalence of psychological aggression(68%), sexual coercion (36%), physical assault(31%), and injury(19%). The subjects experiencing domestic violence had a higher positive attitude towards the spouse's punishment than subjects not experiencing domestic violence. The more severe the domestic violence was, the more the battered women's positive attitude for criminal action increased. Conclusion: An educational program and public relations will increase women's empowerment to solve domestic violence. A more cooperative and integrative program for prevention and an intervention system against domestic violence should be developed for women in battered situations.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.159-179
• /
• 1993

The purpose of this study is to collect data for he improvement of the accuracy of upper garments construction of the old whose bodies have been changed due to their age. In this study the body measurements with 61 items were taken from 226 men(aged fro m 60 to 80) living in Seoul by the R. Martin's method in 1992. The data were calculate by computer and analyzed by the multivariate method, especially factor and cluster analysis. The results of the study were as follows; 1. The average stature of elderly males was 163.6cm, chest circumference 91.6cm, waist circumference 9\\85.5cm. hip circumference 92.8cm, neck circumference 37cm, arm length 55.4 cm, back length 42.6cm, shoulder breadth 42.9cm and the Roher's Index 1.39, which was a standard body shape. 2. The items of factor analysis were explained to seven, namely, the degree of fatness of the upper body, the size of the frame of body, the length of the upper body, the degree of curve of the front body, the size of shoulder, the shape of the back, and the slope of shoulder. 3. The body types of subjects were classified into four types. The majority was type 4, which was 67% of subjects and considered as balanced body type. The distinctive features of those types are as follows; Type 1. The subjects of this type had a slight skeletal structure and were the thinnest of all the subjects with thin and forward-bent arm. Type 2. The subjects of this type were the tallest of all the subjects. they had the straightest side of body and a well-developed upper arm. The thigh length of this type was longer than the length of trunk. Type. 3. The subjects of this type was only one, so ti could be excluded. Type 4. The subjects of this type had a long trunk, well-developed shoulder, and a crook in their neck and back. The arm length and thigh of this type were short and those circumferences were thick. Type 5. The subjects of this type were the shortest of all, but had the highest degree of fatness in the waist and abdominal. They had well-developed front muscles of body and projected hip.