• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.757-766
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• 2017

This study investigated not only the existence of differently functioned item due to gender but also domain. In this study, the randomly selected data of TIMSS 2007, which consist of 681 male and 646 women, were analyzed. To detect differently functioned items, this study employed Raju method. For Raju method, three-parameter logistic model was selected. Signed and unsigned area between two item characteristic curve were measured within the real ability range. An item which was detected commonly SA and UA area in Raju method was defined as a differently functioned item. As a result of this study, six items among twenty seven items of mathematics in the TIMSS 2007 were differently functioned item. Five items among those six items, were in favor of boys and one item was in favor of girls. Number, Geometric Shapes and Measures, and Applying were in favor of boys. but Data Display, Reasoning were in favor of girls. The conclusion of this study was summarized as existing differently functioned items in TIMSS 2007 and difference between favorable domain based gender. Finally, it is desirable to consider the differently functioned items by relating those item content for improving the test reliability of TIMSS 2007.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.513-522
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• 2019

This study analyzes the characteristics of somatotype changes of girls from the ages of 13 to 18 that provide basic data on clothing construction for middle and high school girls. We use data obtained from body measurements of 1,590 adolescent girls 13 to 18 years of age provided in the 6th national anthropometric survey report. The differences among the age groups for 56 direct measurements were analyzed by ANOVA, and the structures of the differences by SNK (Students-Newman-Keuls test) were analyzed. The two major growth ages were 'ages 13-14' and 'ages 15-16'. The first major growth ages focused on all measurement items of height, length, circumference, breadth, depth and other items. The second one focused on measurement items of height and length of torso, circumference, and breadth of lower body. The major growth pattern of the age groups was 'ages 13<14&15<16&17&18' which appeared focused on the height and length items of upper body and torso, the width items of lower body and the circumference items of upper body and lower body. The measurement items of front length like waist front length, N.P. to B.P to waistline, N.P. to B.P., and B.P. to B.P. showed the growth pattern for 'ages 13<14<15<16<17&18'.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.228-240
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the validity of the Korean version of the Nurses' Involvement in Dying Patients and Family Care (NIDPFC) instrument. Methods: Data were collected from 410 registered nurses at a university hospital, general hospitals, and a convalescent hospital. Data were collected from June 23 to July 17, 2020. Internal consistency reliability, construct validity, and criterion validity were examined using the SPSS and AMOS software. Results: Of the 35 preliminary items of the instrument, 24 items were finally selected after evaluating the content validity, analyzing the items, and assessing construct validity. The following four factors were derived: "burden" (seven items), "deep involvement" (eight items), "resilience" (five items), and "empathy" (four items), with a cumulative explanatory variance of 55.2%. For criterion validity, a significant positive relationship was found between the NIDPFC and attitudes toward caring for the dying. For internal consistency reliability, the Cronbach's α was 0.82. Conclusion: The validity and reliability of the NIDPFC were verified. Therefore, the NIDPFC is an effective instrument to use in further studies.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.350-364
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• 2014

Objectives This study was aimed to find the significant features of face form according to the Taeeumin and Soyangin by analyzing the three-dimensional face information data. Also, making standard face of the Taeeumin and Soyangin was an object of this study. Methods We collected three-dimensional face data of patients aged between 20~45 years old diagnosed by a specialist of Sasang constitutional medicine. The data were collected using a 3D scanner, Morpheus 3D(Morpheus Corporation, KOREA). Extracting a face feature point total of 64, was set to 332 pieces(height, angle, ratio, etc.) of each variable between feature points. ANOVA test were used to compare the characteristics of subjects according to the Taeeumin and Soyangin. Results When not to consider gender, the Taeeumin and Soyangin were different from the 18 items(3 items in the ear, 9 items in the eye, 1 item in the nose, 1 item in the mouth, 4 items in the jaw). When to consider gender, the Taeeumin and Soyangin men were different from the 6 items(1 item in the ear, 2 items in the nose, 3 items in the face). And the Taeeumin and Soyangin women were different from 17 items(1 item in the ear, 10 items in the eye, 2 items in the nose, 1 item in the mouth, 3 items in the face). Conclusions These results show Taeeumin's face(both men and women) width of the right and left is larger than the length of the top and bottom. Compared to men of Soyangin, men of Taeeumin has greater wings of the nose. Compared to women of Soyangin, women of Taeeumin has longer length of the eye. Soyangin's face(both men and women) length of the top and bottom is larger than the width of the right and left. Compared to men of Taeeumin, men of Soyangin has smaller wings of the nose. Compared to women of Taeeumin, women of Soyangin has more stereoscopic facial features at the top and bottom of the lateral face. Also, by accumulating three-dimensional face data, this study modeled the standard facial features by Taeeumin and Soyangin. These results may be helpful in the development of Sasang constitutional diagnostics utilizing the characteristics of the facial form at later.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.153-170
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• 2012

When companies or institutes manage data, in order to utilize it as useful resources for decision-making, it is essential to offer precise and reliable data. While most small and medium-sized enterprises and public institutes have been investing a great amount of money in management and maintenance of their data systems, the investment in data management has been inadequate. When public institutions establish their data systems, inspection has been constantly carried out on the data systems in order to improve safety and effectiveness. However, their capabilities in improving the quality of data have been insufficient. This study develops an automatic tool to diagnose the quality of data in a way to diagnose the data quality condition of the inspected institute quantitatively at the stage of design and closure by inspecting the data system and proves its practicality by applying the automatic tool to inspection. As a means to diagnose the quality, this study categorizes, in the aspect of quality characteristics, the items that may be improved through diagnosis at the stage of design, the early stage of establishing the data system and the measurement items by the quality index regarding measurable data values at the stage of establishment and operation. The study presents a way of quantitative measurement regarding the data structures and data values by concretizing the measurement items by quality index in a function of the automatic tool program. Also, the practicality of the tool is proved by applying the tool in the inspection field. As a result, the areas which the institute should improve are reported objectively through a complete enumeration survey on the diagnosed items and the indicators for quality improvement are presented quantitatively by presenting the quality condition quantitatively.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.57-71
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• 1988

Checklist method is rapid and comprehensive to evaluate in practice. Check items are commonly rated by subjective utility function; i.e., evaluator's significant judgment. Since human judgment includes fuzziness (vagueness) inherently in spite of its significance, fuzzy set theory is useful in this case. The paper illustrates a evaluation method using fuzzy checklist where check items are rated as fuzzy numbers. Pairwise comparison data is used to determine the weights of check items, since it has comparative advantage for human's fuzzy judgment. Sample of BASIC program is provided for microcomputer. When uncertainty is due to subjectivity or imprecision of data, this method can be applied to practical problems widely.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집 Ⅲ
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• pp.1371-1374
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• 2003

This paper designs and implements of Item pool-Based Program using Visual Basic, a sort of self- study system. This paper is implemented the system which makes and remakes the test items using item-pool data with different method from an ordinary fixed form of evaluation. This system helps teachers to make a various test type of items by searching data through the item-pool and accounting it to the test items. This system will also improve the learner's understanding of the problems and desire for self-solving a problem.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제45권8호
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• pp.105-126
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• 2007

The aims of this study were to examine the actual conditions surrounding the purchasing of online game items and Internet cyberspace items by adolescents the propensity of adolescents to consume these items, to determine the difference in the propensity for high and low consumption of these items among adolescents, and to investigate the characteristics of the adolescents who show a high propensity for the consumption of Internet items. The data for this study were collected from 483 adolescent consumers who were middle school and high school students in the city of Bucheon in Gyeonggi Province. The statistical methods used for the data analysis included frequency, percentage, standard deviation, t-test, and one-way ANOVA. The results of the present study can be summarized as follows. The majority(79.5%) of the students surveyed had had the experience of purchasing items. Most students(67.5%) had a rare frequency of buying ($1{\sim}2$ times in a period of 6 months or less). Nearly half (47.9%) of the students spent less than 1000 won per month on the item(s) purchased. Most of the students purchased items with their parents' permission, but 26.6% of the students bought the items without their parents' permission. Most of the characteristics of the items purchased, such as the major item purchased, payment method, amount purchased per month, average amount spent per buying experience, and whether or not they had their parents' permission differed according to gender, grade level, record, and monthly allowance. The level of propensity to consume the items was not high. The propensity of imitation consumption (1.96) was lower than that of impulsive consumption (2.38) and conspicuous consumption (2.45). Most of the buying characteristics, including the major item purchased, payment method, amount purchased per month, average amount spent per buying experience, parents' permission, grade level, and monthly allowance were different between the high and low propensity for consumption groups.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2016

The long term plan for apartment housing has a important role to make a decision making whether a repair work should be done or not. But, items for repair works are so various that field workers could not understand the context or plan the repair cost and time. These difficulties are drawn from the number of repair items, duplicated application and meaning, new material application and technology time-gap. Therefore, it needs to change or coordinate the repair items to improve the repair condition, reflecting the current material level or repair technologies. In this paper, it aimed at coordination of the repair items through the repair recording sheet which was surveyed in 22 metropolitan areas of Seoul, conducted between 2011 and 2014. The surveyed data are classified into six categories such as building exterior, building interior and so on, according to long term repair plan and the number of data are 1,918. It analyzed the appearing word for repair-concerned and compared the existing items of the long term plan. Items of building exterior are proposed as roof, exterior wall and painting. Building interior has a little meaning to propose the repair items. The water supply facilities are proper to keep the existing repair items. Items of the outdoor facilities could not need a sign board, drainage root and PVC sheath. Through this study, we can coordinate the repair items in apartment and provide the repair item and cost level.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.414-422
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• 2018

Purpose: To develop Korean Menstrual Symptom Scale (KMSS) for university students and test its reliability and validity. Methods: The scale was developed by intensive literature review, development of preliminary items, verification of content validity, development of secondary items, verification of construct validity, and extraction of final items. Thirty-nine items were constructed. Data for validity and reliability testing were collected with a questionnaire survey from 391 university students. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and reliability coefficients (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$) with the SPSS program. Results: There were 37 final items which were sorted into six factors: 'negative affection (8 items)', 'change of activity level (7 items)', 'physical symptom (9 items)', 'mood change (9 items)', 'change in concentration level (4 items)', and 'body water retention (5 items)'. The cumulative percent of variance was 63.3%. Regarding the reliability of the scale, its Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was 0.96. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ values for these factors ranged from 0.75 to 0.91. Conclusion: The KMSS demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability. Repeated research is needed to measure menstrual symptom experienced by women of variable ages.