• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.12-18
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• 2007

The objective of the study was to compare ranking of Sahiwal bulls selected on the basis of highest lactation milk yield of their dams with their estimated breeding values (EBVs) using an animal model. Data on 23,761 lactation milk yield records of 5,936 cows from five main Livestock Experiment Stations in Punjab province of Pakistan (1964-2004) were used for the study. At present the young A.I bulls are required to be from A-category bull-dams. Dams were categorized as A, B, C and D if they had highest lactation milk yield of ${\geq}$2,700, 2,250-2,699, 1,800-2,249 and <1,800 litres, respectively. The EBVs for lactation milk yield were estimated for all the animals using an individual animal model having fixed effect of herd-year and season of calving and random effect of animal. Fixed effect of parity and random effect of permanent environment were incorporated when multiple lactation were used. There were 396 young bulls used for semen collection and A.I during 1973-2004. However, progeny with lactation yields recorded, were available only for 91 bulls and dams could be traced for only 63 bulls. Overall lactation milk yield averaged 1,440.8 kg. Milk yield was 10% heritable with repeatability of 39%. Ranking bulls on highest lactation milk yield of their dams, the in-vogue criteria of selecting bulls, had a rank correlation of 0.167 (p<0.190) with ranking based on EBVs from animal model analysis. Bulls' EBVs for all lactations had rank correlation of 0.716 (p<0.001) with EBVs based on first lactation milk yield and 0.766 (p<0.001) with average EBVs of dam and sire (pedigree index). Ranking of bulls on highest lactation yield of their dams has no association with their ranking based on animal model evaluation. Young Sahiwal bulls should be selected on the basis of pedigree index instead of highest lactation yield of dams. This can help improve the genetic potential of the breed accruing to conservation and development efforts.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.91-100
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• 1985

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 한강유역(漢江流域) 댐군(群)의 비상사태하(非常事態下)(큰 홍수파(洪水波) 유하시(流下時))에서의 수문조작(水門操作) 기준설정(基準設定)에 관한 것으로 얻어진 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1) 수문조작(水門操作)을 저수위(貯水位)와 유입량(流入量)으로 실시(實施)할 수 있게끔 6개 댐(화천(華川), 춘천(春川), 소양강(昭陽江), 의암(衣岩), 청평(淸平), 인당(人堂)댐)에 대해 수문조작(水門操作) 기준(基準)을 수식화(數式化)하였다. 2) 수문(水門)의 개방면적(開放面積), 유입량(流入量), 저수위(貯水位), 방류량(放流量) 간의 다중회귀분석(多重回歸分析)에 의해서 얻어진 식(式)으로 홍수추적(洪水追跡)을 실시한 결과 그 적용가능성(適用可能性)을 확인(確認)하였다. 3) 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서 얻어진 수문조작(水門操作) 기준(基準)과 홍수추적방법(洪水追跡方法)을 사용(使用)하여 비상사태하(非常事態下)(큰 홍수파(洪水波) 유하시(流下時))에서의 각 댐을 검토(檢討)한 바, 모두 안전(安全)하였으나, 소양강(昭陽江), 의암(衣岩), 청평(淸平)댐만은 저수지(貯水池) 초기방류수위(初期放流水位)를 미리 저하(低下)시킨 상태(狀態)에서 수문조작(水門操作)이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.451-461
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 소규모 필댐의 지진시 파괴확률을 산정하는 방법과 절차를 예시하고, 지반공학적 정보가 부족한 국내 재해위험 저수지의 지진시 파괴확률을 추정하는 것이다. 이를 위하여, 국내 재해위험 저수지로 지정된 저수지 중 지반공학적인 정보를 얻을 수 있는 7개 저수지에 대해 사건수 분석 기법을 적용하여 지진에 대한 파괴확률을 평가하였으며, 그 방법 및 절차를 예시하였다. 안전진단보고서를 확보한 84개 재해위험 저수지의 댐높이와 여유고와의 관계를 검토하였고, 미공병단 평가도구로 이용되는 파괴확률 산정식을 이러한 댐높이와 여유고와의 관계에 연관시켰다. 이러한 연관관계로부터, 지진시 파괴확률이 '0'이 되는 댐높이-여유고 임계곡선을 도출하였고, 이러한 임계곡선과 7개 저수지에 대해 산정한 지진시 파괴확률로부터 물성확보가 어려운 국내 재해위험 저수지의 개략적인 지진에 대한 파괴확률을 추정하였다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2002

최근 1995년 일본의 고베 및 1999년도에 터키와 대만 등지에서 일어난 강진으로 많은 사상자와 피해가 발생되었고 일본 및 대만의 경우 일부 댐의 피해가 발생되었다. 댐의 경우 지진 발생시 국부적인 구조물의 손상뿐만 아니라 주변 주거지역에 많은 인명피해를 유발하기 때문에 국내에서도 내진설계기준 강화 이전의 콘크리트 중력식 댐에 대한 내진 안전성 평가의 필요성을 인식하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 미국, 일본 및 캐나다의 내진설계기준 및 안전성 평가기법을 분석하여 국내 실정에 적합한 내진 안전성 평가 지침을 마련하였다. 평가단계는 제3단계로 구성하였다. 제1단계는 기초 문헌자료를 이용한 내진 안전성 평가 필요여부를 구분하는 예비평가단계이며 제2단계 평가는 진도법을 적용한 유사정적해석을 수행하여 성능기준 만족여부를 판단한다. 제3단계 평가는 제2단계를 만족하지 못하였을 경우 대상구조물에 동적해석을 적용하여 정밀한 평가를 수행한 후 성능기준을 평가한다. 본 연구에서는 현재 국내에서 운영중인 콘크리트 중력식 댐을 선정하여 본 평가 방법을 적용하였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.223-229
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• 2010

This study is to analyze location conditions for erosion control dams to be constructed in Chungcheongnam-do, Daejeon Metropolitan City, Chungcheongbuk-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do in order to establish proper conditions for erosion control dams in the future. 199 sites where erosion control dams are expected to be built in 2010 were chosen and investigated in terms of 12 factors including basin area, basin slope, and landslide risk. The results showed that erosion control dams for Chungcheongnam-do and Daejeon Metropolitan City are mostly impermeable gravity dams mainly composed of concrete. In contrast, Chungcheongbuk-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do are increasing the number of permeable or compound erosion control dams. Basin analysis at planned erosion control dam sites showed that at least 44.5% of the total area has high landslide risk. Gyeongsangbuk-do had the largest basin area for erosion control dam sites at 157.3ha, followed by Chungcheongbuk-do at 64.4ha and Chungcheongnam-do at 54.8ha. Analysis of sand deposits in the Chungcheongnam-do erosion control dam built in 2010 confirmed an average deposit of 971.8m3. The sand deposit capacity and amount of sediment control for erosion control dams have a very low correlation with basin area or flow path slope, and this needs to be addressed in future sand deposit capacity designs.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.77-87
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• 2009

Purpose : To evaluate the effects of Samultang(SMT) on the metals in the dams and fetuses Method : SMT(Decoction) was administered orally using different concentrations to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats for 20days after being assigned randomly to 5 groups. Each group has 11 dams. Pregnant rats were sacrificed at the 20th day of gestation and metal concentration in the dams and fetuses was observed using a ICP-MS and mercury analyzer. Results : Hg concentration in the blood of dams was lower in the $SMT{\times}1$, $SMT{\times}2$, $SMT{\times}4$group than VC(Vehicle Control) and Control group. Hg concentration in the organs of dams was lower in the $SMT{\times}1$, $SMT{\times}2$, $SMT{\times}4$ group than VC, Control group. Whereas Cd concentration in the organs of fetuses was getting lower as increasing SMT dose, Hg concentration in the organs of fetuses was getting higher as increasing SMT dose. Discussion and Conclusion : There were not any significant harmful differences of metal concentration in the dams and fetuses treated by SMT. Particularly, SMT showed the possibility of efficacy to reduce the concentration of Hg in dams but to increase the concentration of Hg in fetuses. The mechanism of reduction is not yet proven. A hypothesis says there is a possibility of the chelation effect between the essential elements of herbs and heavy metals. Another hypothesis is the possibility of Hg transmission from dam to fetus. Further study should be conducted to make guidelines for the safe use of herbal medicine.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.306-316
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• 2007

This study have a object to found out the effects of oriental herb medicine, Antaeeum, to dams of rats and their offsprings. The Antaeeum was savaged to female Sprague-Dawley rats at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day for 3 weeks during gestation periods. Dams of rat were sacrificed at 20th day of gestation, and were observed major internal and reproductive organs. Approximately live fetuses in the 20th days of gestation were selected randomly and examined with stereo microscopes. Others offsprings were fixed with 95% ethanol for skeletal examinations. The fixed fetuses were stained with alcian blue and alizarin red S to observe skeletal variations or malformations. Maternal body weight of Antaeeum treated dams have a tendency of increasing compared with control dams. There were no significant difference in internal and reproductive organs of weight or findings. The spleenic organ relative weight of treated dams were decreased compared with the control significaltly (p<0.05). There were no significant changes between two groups in blood chemistry and hematological values. There were no significant changes in number of corpus luteum, implantation, live fetuses and implantation rate, delivery rate, late resorption rate and sex ratio. But in the Antaeeum treated group showed lower early resorption rate than that of the control dams. Fetal body weight and number of fetus a dam at Antaeeum treated group were higher than that of control group. The fetuses of dams treated with Antaeeum didn't induced external malformations. Vertebral and sternal variations were observed in Antaeeum group, but compared with the control, those variations were not significant. The ossification numbers of rib, cervical, thoracic, and lumber were normal. Fetuses treated with Antaeeum to the dams showed no significant difference in the number of caudal vertebra (P>0.01). From these results, it can be concluded that Antaeeum showed no toxicity effects on maternal side especially on body weight, early resorption rate, and number of live fetuses. Also there were no significant changes on maternal organ weights except spleen, hematological data, reproductive organs. Although skeletal variations were examined at vertebra and sternum, this Antaeeum could not induced significant choses in bone malformation.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2012

국내에는 약 17,531개의 소규모 농업용 댐과 저수지가 있다. 댐의 95%는 필댐이며, 심한 파손 또는 수리 또는 보수가 필요하다. 그러므로 댐을 평가하고 문제점을 도출해야 한다. 또한 댐은 보수의 시기가 적절해야 한다. 댐의 안전성 평가는 소규모 농업용 댐과 저수지의 적절한 기능을 보증하고 손상을 최소화하기 위하여 수행한다. 본 논문에서는 농업용 저수지의 체계적인 유지관리를 위한 유지관리 규정을 정립하고, 시 군 구에서 관리하고 있는 농업용 저수지 현황 분석을 통하여 소규모 저수지의 안전관리의 개선 방향을 모색하고자 하였다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 1995

DA-125, a new anthracycline antitumor antibiotic, was administered at dose levels of 0, 0.04, 0.2 and 1.0 mg/kg/day intravenously to pregnant and subsequently delivered Sprague-Dawley rats from day 17 of gestation to day 21 of lactation. Effects of test agent on general toxicity of dams and growth, behaviour and mating performance of F1 offspring were examined. At 1 mg/kg, one out of the twentytwo dams showed difficult delivery, characterized by a stillbirth. Reduction in body weight, loss in food intake, and decrease in spleen weight were also observed in dams. In addition, the lower rates of successful performances in memory test (28.6%) and necrosis of tail end (9.5%) were seen in F1 offspring. At 0.04 and 0.2 mg/kg, no toxic effect on dams and F1 offspring was observed. There were no malformed Fl and F2 fetuses in all groups. The results indicate that the no effect dose levels(NOELs) of DA-125 are 0.2 mg/kg/day for dams and Fl offspring, and over 1 mg/kg/day for F2 fetuses.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2006

In Korea, upland irrigation generally depends on the ground water or natural rainfall since irrigation water supplied from dams is mainly used for paddy irrigation, and only limited amount of irrigation water is supplied to the upland area. For the stable security of upland irrigation water, storage level of irrigation dams was simulated by the periods. A year was divided into 4 periods considering the irrigation characteristics. Through the periodical management of storage level, water utilization efficiency in irrigation dams could be enhanced and it makes available to secure extra available water from existing dams without new development of water resources. Two study areas, Seongju and Donghwa dam, were selected for this study. Runoff from the watersheds was simulated by the modified tank model and the irrigation water to upland crops was calculated by the Penman-Monteith method. The analyzed results showed that relatively sufficient extra available water could be secured for the main upland crops in Seongju area. In case of Donghwa area, water supply to non-irrigated upland was possible in normal years but extra water was necessary in drought years such as 1998 and 2001.