• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.428-442
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• 2022

A reliable automatic passenger counting (APC) system is a key point in transportation related to the efficient scheduling and management of transport routes. In this study, we introduce a lightweight head detection network using deep learning applicable to an embedded system. Currently, object detection algorithms using deep learning have been found to be successful. However, these algorithms essentially need a graphics processing unit (GPU) to make them performable in real-time. So, we modify a Tiny-YOLOv3 network using certain techniques to speed up the proposed network and to make it more accurate in a non-GPU environment. Finally, we introduce an APC system, which is performable in real-time on embedded systems, using the proposed head detection algorithm. We implement and test the proposed APC system on a Samsung ARTIK 710 board. The experimental results on three public head datasets reflect the detection accuracy and efficiency of the proposed head detection network against Tiny-YOLOv3. Moreover, to test the proposed APC system, we measured the accuracy and recognition speed by repeating 50 instances of entering and 50 instances of exiting. These experimental results showed 99% accuracy and a 0.041-second recognition speed despite the fact that only the CPU was used.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2022

Human tissues and organs can be preserved intact by fixation with formalin for the future analysis of biomolecules of interest. With the advances in high-throughput methods, numerous protocols have been developed and optimized to attain the most pathophysiological information out of biomolecules, including RNA and proteins, in formalin-fixed samples. However, there is no systematic study to examine the effects of formalin fixation on the lipidome of biological samples in a global fashion. In this study, we conducted a mass spectrometry-based analysis to survey the alteration in the lipidome of mice brains by fixation methods. A total of 308 lipids were quantitatively measured using triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. We found that most were unchanged after formalin fixation except for a few lipid classes such as phosphatidylethanolamine.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.93-97
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• 2023

A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, and has been considered as a substitute for continuous power supply due to its high performance, simple structure and eco-friendliness. Recently, it is important to develop a TENG using a non-toxic material in order to use it as a power source for wearable, attachable, and body-embeddable electronics. Here, we developed a human friendly TENG using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gel containing acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC), a non-toxic plasticizer. PVC gels were fabricated using various ratios of PVC and ATBC, and optimized by investigating dielectric properties, surface potential, output performance, and durability. The PVC gel based TENG generates output signals of 73 V and 4.3 μA, i.e., a 5-fold enhancement in the output power compared to pristine PVC-based TENG. In addition, the PVC gel can be stretched over 500% of strain. This study is expected to be helpful in the future development of non-toxic wearable TENG.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.197-207
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• 2009

개인의 경력적 지향은 욕구와 가치, 그리고 능력으로 구성되는 경력닻(Career Anchor)에 의하여 영향을 받는다. 본 연구는 대구 경북지역에서 IT인력에 의해 보유된 경력닻을 조사함으로써 경력적 지향을 이해하고자 한다. 특히, 성별, 나이, 근무기간, 그리고 직업명과 같은 요인들이 실제로 IT인력의 경력닻에 영향을 미치는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구는 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 대구 경북지역에 종사하는 269명의 IT인력을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 본 연구는 결과는 대구 경북지역 IT종사자들의 경력적 지향을 이해하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2021년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.470-473
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 인공 관절치환술 시 삽입되는 라이너의 잔존 두께 측정과 비구컵과의 결합 상태를 판별 할 수 있는 생체 삽입형 보철물 두께 측정 시스템 개발을 위한 생체 삽입형 초음파 변환자의 개발, 잔존 두께측정 알고리즘 및 최적화된 초음파 운용 방법에 대한 연구를 진행했다. 세부적으로, 비슷한 민감도와 대역폭을 갖는 8MHz 와 20MHz의 중심주파수를 갖는 초음파 변환자를 제작하여 상용 폴리에틸렌 재질의 인공 고관절 라이너의 다양한 두께를 측정함으로써 신호대잡음비와 축방향 해상도 비교 분석을 진행하여 체내 초음파 운용 방식 최적화 연구를 진행하였다.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2024

IscU, the iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster scaffold protein, is an essential protein for biogenesis of Fe-S clusters. Previous studies showed that IscU manifests a metamorphic structural feature; at least two structural states, namely the structured state (S-state) and the disordered state (D-state), interconverting in a physiological condition, was observed. Moreover, subsequent studies demonstrated that the metamorphic flexibility of IscU is important for its Fe-S cluster assembly activity as well as for an efficient interaction with various partner proteins. Although solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been a useful tool to investigate this protein, the detailed molecular mechanism that sustains the structural heterogeneity of IscU is still unclear. To tackle this issue, we applied a high-pressure NMR (HP-NMR) technique to the IscU variant, IscU(I8K), which shows an increased population of the S-state. We found that the equilibrium between the S- and D-state was significantly perturbed by pressure application, and the specific regions of IscU exhibited more sensitivity to pressure than the other regions. Our results provide novel insights to appreciate the dynamic behaviors of IscU and the related versatile functionality.

• 지역연구
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.27-49
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 2006~2012년 동안 대구경북지역 926개의 제조업체 패널자료를 사용하여 실질환율절하 충격이 기업의 총요소생산성, 고용 등에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 연간 실질실효환율 하락(원화가치 하락)은 대구경북지역 수출 기업들의 부가가치 및 노동생산성, 총요소생산성을 높이는 결과를 가져왔고, 특히 기업의 수출의존도가 높을수록 이런 긍정적인 효과가 더 크게 나타났다. 그러나 실질실효 환율 하락이 지속될수록 생산성 증가 효과가 사라졌다. 이는 실질실효환율 하락이 지역내 수출기업들의 시장에서 가격경쟁력 확보를 담보하여 단기적으로는 생산성 증가에 긍정적인 영향을 미치지만, 실질실효 환율 하락이 지속될 경우 오히려 기업의 효율적인 자원배분 및 핵심역량 개발 노력에 부정적인 영향을 미쳐 생산성 증가가 지속되지 않았음을 내포하고 있다. 대구경북지역 기업들은 가격 경쟁력 확보에만 초점하여 해외시장에 진출, 조업하기보다 국내 및 국외시장에서 실질적인 경쟁력을 키우는 전략을 수립하고 핵심기술을 배양해야 한다. 또한 지방자치단체 및 정책 당국은 환율 변화와 같은 명목 정책변수에만 주목하기 보다는 지역기업들의 실질적인 경쟁력 제고를 위한 기술 혁신 및 R&D 투자 촉진 등 구체적인 투자 및 금융 지원방안을 마련해야 한다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제40권12호
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• pp.954-965
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• 2017

Mammalian genomes are well established, and highly conserved regions within odorant receptors that are unique from other G-protein coupled receptors have been identified. Numerous functional studies have focused on specific conserved amino acids motifs; however, not all conserved motifs have been sufficiently characterized. Here, we identified a highly conserved 18 amino acid sequence motif within transmembrane domain seven (CAS-TM7) which was identified by aligning odorant receptor sequences. Next, we investigated the expression pattern and distribution of this conserved amino acid motif among a broad range of odorant receptors. To examine the localization of odorant receptor proteins, we used a sequence-specific peptide antibody against CAS-TM7 which is specific to odorant receptors across species. The specificity of this peptide antibody in recognizing odorant receptors has been confirmed in a heterologous in vitro system and a rat-based in vivo system. The CAS-TM7 odorant receptors localized with distinct patterns at each region of the olfactory epithelium; septum, endoturbinate and ectoturbinate. To our great interests, we found that the CAS-TM7 odorant receptors are primarily localized to the dorsal region of the olfactory bulb, coinciding with olfactory epithelium-based patterns. Also, these odorant receptors were ectopically expressed in the various non-olfactory tissues in an evolutionary constrained manner between human and rats. This study has characterized the expression patterns of odorant receptors containing particular amino acid motif in transmembrane domain 7, and which led to an intriguing possibility that the conserved motif of odorant receptors can play critical roles in other physiological functions as well as olfaction.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

목적: 본 연구에서는 안경테 가공공정별 셀룰로오스 아세테이트(CA) 판재의 물성을 분석 함으로써 최종 완제품의 물성 최적화를 위해 가공조건과 CA판재 물성과의 상관관계를 조사하는 것을 연구목적으로 한다. 방법: 안경테 가공공정별 CA 판재의 물성 변화를 확인하기 위해, 벤딩 공정, 바렐 공정 및 초음파 세척공정과 동일한 조건에서 제조된 판재의 물성이 평가되었다. 일련의 공정을 통해 제조된 판재의 물성은 광택도, 기계적 물성, 및 열적 특성을 통해 비교 분석되었다. 결과: 바렐 공정을 거친 CA 판재의 경우, 경도 및 기계적 물성이 증가함을 확인하였으며, 반면, 굽힘 강도 및 충격강도의 감소를 보였다. 이는 공정을 거치면서 CA 판재가 brittle한 특성을 보임을 의미한다. 또한 열분석 결과, 가소제 분해 온도 영역에서, 약 3% 내외의 가소제 감량을 확인하였다. 결론: 안경테 가공공정 중 바렐 공정이 CA 판재 물성에 급격한 영향을 미침을 확인하였고, 이는 가소제 총량의 감량에 기인한 현상으로 판단된다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.742-752
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• 2018

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive degeneration of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons, particularly in the substantia nigra (SN). Although circadian dysfunction has been suggested as one of the pathophysiological risk factors for PD, the exact molecular link between the circadian clock and PD remains largely unclear. We have recently demonstrated that $REV-ERB{\alpha}$, a circadian nuclear receptor, serves as a key molecular link between the circadian and DAergic systems. It competitively cooperates with NURR1, another nuclear receptor required for the optimal development and function of DA neurons, to control DAergic gene transcription. Considering our previous findings, we hypothesize that $REV-ERB{\alpha}$ may have a role in the onset and/or progression of PD. In the present study, we therefore aimed to elucidate whether genetic abrogation of $REV-ERB{\alpha}$ affects PD-related phenotypes in a mouse model of PD produced by a unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the dorsal striatum. $REV-ERB{\alpha}$ deficiency significantly exacerbated 6-OHDA-induced motor deficits as well as DAergic neuronal loss in the vertebral midbrain including the SN and the ventral tegmental area. The exacerbated DAergic degeneration likely involves neuroinflammation-mediated neurotoxicity. The $REV-erb{\alpha}$ knockout mice showed prolonged microglial activation in the SN along with the over-production of interleukin $1{\beta}$, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, in response to 6-OHDA. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates for the first time that genetic abrogation of $REV-ERB{\alpha}$ can increase vulnerability of DAergic neurons to neurotoxic insults, such as 6-OHDA, thereby implying that its normal function may be beneficial for maintaining DAergic neuron populations during PD progression.