• BMB Reports
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• 제43권11호
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• pp.732-737
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• 2010

RNA interference is a post-transcriptional silencing mechanism triggered by the bioavailability and/or exogenous introduction of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into cells. Here we describe a novel method for the synthesis of siRNA in a single vessel. The method employs in vitro transcription and a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) template and design, which incorporates upon self-annealing, two promoters, two templates, and three loop regions. Using this method of synthesis we generated efficacious siRNAs designed to silence both exogenous and endogenous genes in mammalian cells. Due to its unique design the single-stranded template is easily amenable to adaptation for attachment to surface platforms for synthesis of siRNAs. A siRNA synthesis platform was generated using a 3' end-biotinylated ssDNA template tethered to a streptavidin coated surface that generates stable siRNAs under multiple cycles of production. Together these data demonstrate a unique and robust method for scalable siRNA synthesis with potential application in RNAi-based array systems.

• 센서학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.271-277
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• 2022

We analyzed the effects of the interface trap on the output characteristics of an inversion mode n-channel GaN Schottky barrier (SB)-MOSFET based on the N_it distribution using TCAD simulation. As interface trap number density (N_it) increased, the threshold voltage increased while the drain current density decreased. Under N_it=5.0×10¹⁰ cm^-2 condition, the threshold voltage was 3.2 V for V_DS=1 V, and the drain current density reduced to 2.4 mA/mm relative to the non-trap condition. Regardless of the N_it distribution type, there was an increase in the subthreshold swing (SS) following an increase in N_it. Under U-shaped N_it distribution, it was confirmed that the SS varied depending on the gate voltage. The interface fixed charge (Q_f) caused an shift in the threshold voltage and increased the off-state current collectively with the surface trap. In summary, GaN SB-MOSFET can be a building block for high power UV optoelectronic circuit provided the surface state is significantly reduced.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.901-911
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• 1994

직접 스펙트럼 확산(DS)방식과 주파수 도약 확산(FH)방식을 혼합시킨 하이브리드 DS/SFH-SSMA 시스템에 대해서 m-분포 페이딩 체널에서의 비동기 MDPSK 신호의 오율특성을 구하고, 다이버시티 기법과 부호화 기법을 함께 도입하였을때의 오율특성도 구했다. 얻은 결과로부터 페이딩의 심도 m에 따른 오율성능의 열화 정도를 알 수 있었는데 레일리 페이딩 환경(m=1)에서는 도약 주파수를 증가시키면 hit될 확률이 감소하므로 다중접속에 의한 간섭의 영향이 감소하고, 호핑수(q)가 사용자수(K)보다 무척 크고, 비트 에너지 대 잡음 전력비(E/N)가 높을때는 다중접속에 의한 간섭은 무시되어 다중경로에 의한 영향이 지배적이 된다는 것과, 비트 에너지 대 잡음 전력비가 낮을때는 가우스 잡음의 영향이 지배적이 되어 호핑수(q)에 관계없이 오율성능이 일정해진다는 것을 알았다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.2324-2332
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• 2017

This paper presents the electrical performances of novel AlGaSb/InGaAs heterojunction-based vertical-tunneling field-effect transistor (VTFET). The device performance was investigated in views of the on-state current ($I_{on}$), drain-induced barrier thinning (DIBT), and subthreshold swing (SS) as the gate length ($L_G$) was scaled down. The proposed TFET with a $L_G$ of 5 nm operated with an $I_{on}$ of $1.3mA/{\mu}m$, a DIBT of 40 mV/V, and an SS of 23 mV/dec at a drain voltage ($V_{DS}$) of 0.23 V. The proposed TFET provided approximately 25 times lower DIBT and 12 times smaller SS compared with the conventional $L_G$ of 5 nm TFET. The AlGaSb/InGaAs VTFET showed extremely high scalability and strong immunity against short-channel effects.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.250-255
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• 2007

Deinococcus radiodurans recA는 이 미생물의 방사선 저항성을 나타내는 표현형에 필수적이며 재조합성 DNA 수선 과정에 관여한다. 이 과정에서 RecA 단백질은DNA와 결합하여 반응의 활성 종인 RecA nucleoprotein 필라멘트를 형성한다. DNA-의존성 ATPase 활성과 함께, RecA 단배질의 외가닥 DNA 혹은 이중가닥 DNA와의 상호작용은 RecA 단백질이 관여하는 반응의 중심과정으로 이에 관한 분석을 시도하였다. D. radiodurans RecA 단배질은 DNA에 결합한 DNA-단백질 복합체만이 ATPase 활성을 나타내므로, ATP (혹은 dATP) 가수분해를 측정함으로써 RecA와 외가닥 DNA와의 상호작용 정도를 분석하였다. D. radiodurans RecA 단백질은 외가닥 DNA의 염기 구성의 이질성에 영향을 받았으며, homopolymer인 poly(dT)와의 상호작용에서 가장 높은 가수분해 활성을 보였다. Homopolymer인 합성 DNA-의존성 ATP 및 dATP의 가수분해는 pH 6.0과 9.0의 범위에서 다소 일정한속도로 일어났으며 최적 pH는 7.0과 7.5 사이였다. 외가닥 DNA-의존성 ATPase 활성은 염의 존재에 영향을 받아 KCl이 존재하면 다소 억제되나, K-glutamate가 존재하면 오히려 촉진되었다. RecA 단백질과 외가닥 DNA의 상호작용을 ATP 가수분해로 분석하였을 때 2 mM 이상의 magnesium 이온이 DNA 결합반응에 필요하였으며, 비교적 넓은 범위의 pH에서 외가닥 DNA와의 결합반응이 일어나며, 이러한 결합반응은 당량적인 비(1:3, RecA protein: DNA nucleotide)로 일어났다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.113.3-113
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• 2001

In this paper, we have designed the VHDL module of DS/SS QPSK wireless modem processor for digital data communication. The spread spectrum method is used for modern processor, because this method guarantees good frequency efficiency and higher security. Also, it guarantees good performance in digital communication system under multi-path interferences. The differential encoder and decoder are used for simple circuit composition in the signal detection. For the synchronization of receiver, matched filter and power detector are used. And the IF modulation/demodulation of QPSK method is used in the digital level. The transmitter of VHDL modem processor consists of differential encoder, PN code generator, and QPSK ...

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제33A권5호
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• pp.165-171
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• 1996

A noncoherent full-digital PN(pseudo noise) code acquisition/tracking loop has been presetned and implemented in FPGA for the CDMA band-limited direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DS-SS) signals. It employs a simple decimator to control of local PN code phase to lower the hardware cost, and a second order loop to enable the more accurate tracking. The proposed acquisition/tracking loop has been designed in RTL-level VHDL, synthesized into logic gates using the design analyzer of synopsys software, implemented in an ALTERA FPGA chip, and tested. The number of logic gates used in the implemented FPGA chip is around 7000. The functionality has been verified using a PC interface circuitry and a logic analyzer.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

The cold shock domain (CSD) is among the most ancient and well conserved nucleic acid binding domains from bacteria to higher animals and plants. The CSD facilitates binding to RNA, ssDNA and dsDNA and most functions attributed to cold shock domain proteins are mediated by this nucleic acid binding activity. In prokaryotes, cold shock domain proteins only contain a single CSD and are termed cold shock proteins (Csps). In animal model systems, various auxiliary domains are present in addition to the CSD and are commonly named Y-box proteins. Similar to animal CSPs, plant CSPs contain auxiliary C-terminal domains in addition to their N-terminal CSD. Cold shock domain proteins have been shown to play important roles in development and stress adaptation in wide variety of organisms. In this review, the structure, function and regulation of plant CSPs are compared and contrasted to the characteristics of bacterial and animal CSPs.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제8B권3호
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• pp.305-310
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 직접행렬 대역확산 방식을 사용하여 Hadamard-Walsh 행렬을 워터마크 영상에 첨가한 후, 주파수 영역에서 원 영상에 삽입하고 복원하는 새로운 이미지 워터마킹 기법을 제안한다. 워터마크 영상은 시각적으로 인식 가능한 패턴(마크, 로고, 심볼, 인장 또는 서명)을 사용한다. 워터마크가 삽입된 영상의 화질저하를 추정하기 위해 PSNR(Peak Signal to Noise Ratio)을 계산하고, 복원된 워터마크의 복원률(reconstructive rate)을 구하여 외부공격에 대한 워터마크의 강인성을 확인한다. 표준영상에 적용해 본 결과, 워터마크가 삽입된 영상의 PSNR은 93.2dB로 우수한 화질을 얻을 수 있었으며 JPEG 손실 압축에서는 78.1% 이상의 워터마크 복원률을 얻을 수 있었고 영상변형 및 임펄스 잡음하에서도 효과적인 워터마크 복원 능력을 보였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.1699-1706
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• 1998

This paper presents a threshold decision technique for direct sequence code acquistion employing Pseudo-Noise(PN) matched filter. The probabilities of detection and false alarm are derived as a measure of the system performance in both nonfading and nonselective Rician fading channels. For received PN codes with different SNR, the proposed acquisition scheme is able to detect a desired threshold in the search mode so that this value is utilized as a threshold for the verification mode. Thus, there is no need to determine a threshold by applying the Neyman-Person ciriteron. It is shown that this scheme achieves lower probability of false alarm than the acquisition scheme based on the Neyman-Person criterion, giving comparable performance in terms of the probability of detection.