• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.174-180
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the optimum condition of extraction from fronds of Osmunda japonica to increase antioxidant compounds and antioxidant activity. Powder (1 g) of lyophilized fronds were mixed with three different solvents (MeOH, 80% EtOH and water). Extraction was carried out using not only by immersion (room temp.), heating ($60^{\circ}C$) and stirring (200 rpm) for 6 h, but also by sonication in 42 kHz ultrasonic bath for 15, 30 and 45 min. Extracts were filtered, and adjusted up to 50 mL to determine contents of soluble solids, total polyphenols and total flavonoids. Antioxidant capacity was measured by radical scavenging activity of 0.15 mM DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and 7.4 mM ABTS [2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] radical. Among the solvents, MeOH and 80% EtOH appeared to be effective for extraction. Extract obtained from sonication in MeOH for 15 min resulted high polyphenol contents (45.15 $mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ db) and DPPH radical scavenging activity ($RC_{50}$= 0.35 $mg{\cdot}mL^{-1}$). The highest flavonoid contents was obtained from immersion or heating extraction with MeOH (38.10~38.10 $mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ db). ABTS radical scavenging was high in same extraction with 80% EtOH ($RC_{50}$= 0.21~0.22 $mg{\cdot}mL^{-1}$). Altogether, our results indicate that the extraction using ultrasonic bath with MeOH as a solvent (for 15~30 minutes) was the most effective way not only for increasing various antioxidant activities but also for saving labor and time in case of fronds of Osmunda japonica.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2023

Lotus Nelumbo nucifera seed protein (LSP) was isolated by alkaline solubilization after removing fat and phenolics by hexane and ethanol treatment. Antioxidant peptides from LSP were produced with Alcalase^® and pepsin and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities were determined. LSP-Alcalase^® hydrolysates showed higher hydroxyl radical scavenging activity than LSP-pepsin hydrolysates. To purify antioxidant peptides, LSP-Alcalase^® hydrolysates were subjected to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation on the C18 column and the active fraction was further purified using a Superdex^TM peptide 10/300 GL column. Finally, the active fraction (F8-2) was evaluated for antioxidant activities by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical scavenging, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays. The EC₅₀ values of the F8-2 were 105.81±0.02 ㎍/mL for DPPH and 32.26±0.02 ㎍/mL for hydroxyl radical and the F8-2 exhibited 7.22 μM trolox equivalent (TE)/100 ㎍ F8-2. Glutathione (GSH), which is a positive control, showed EC₅₀ values of 19.87±0.01 ㎍/mL for DPPH and 15.95±0.03 ㎍/mL for hydroxyl radical and an ORAC value of 14.17±0.03 μM TE/100 ㎍ GSH. Finally, sixteen peptides were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Among them, Ile-Tyr and Leu-Tyr showed higher antioxidant scores.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.1815-1820
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to extract chicken leg bone, which is a by-product of industrial poultry processing, using different heating temperatures (80, 90 and $100^{\circ}C$) and durations (5, 10 and 15 min). The pH value, soluble protein content, peptide content and antioxidative properties, including superoxide anion scavenging ability, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging ability, reducing capacity and inhibitory activity of linoleic acid peroxidation, were measured. The results showed no significant differences (p>0.05) in pH value among all treatments. Decreased soluble protein content and peptide content were observed in chicken leg bone extract obtained under higher heating temperatures (90 or $100^{\circ}C$) and longer heating durations (10 or 15 min). In antioxidative properties, the extracts which were heated at 90 or $100^{\circ}C$ for 15 min exhibited significantly higher superoxide anion scavenging ability, DPPH free radical scavenging ability, reducing capacity and inhibitory activity of linoleic acid peroxidation (p<0.05).

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.77-84
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• 2005

EGCG[(-)-epigallocatechin gallate], is a major component of green tea has been considered as a major antioxidant constituent. It has been considered as potential chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents. However, very little is known about the cellular actions by which EGCG mediates its therapeutic effects. Various aspects of antioxidant activity of EGCG were evaluated in this study. EGCG itself did not show significant cytotoxicity. Significant 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity was observed in all ranges of concentration ($0.8-100{\mu}g/ml$) used in this study. Protective effect of EGCG against hydrogen peroxide induced cell death was observed. Relatively high lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity were detected ($IC_{50}$ was about $20{\mu}g/ml$). EGCG also dose-dependently enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in V79-4 cells. In concentrations of $100{\mu}g/ml$ of EGCG, activities of SOD, CAT and GPX were measured as 36.9 U/mg of protein, 22.9 U/mg of protein and 17.8 U/mg of protein, respectively. When these values were compared with those of the control groups (24.9 U/mg of protein, 14.9 U/mg of protein and 11.7 U/mg of protein), the relative increases were calculated as 48, 54 and 52%, respectively. Taken together, our findings suggest that EGCG can act as an antioxidant by scavenging radicals and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.306-310
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• 2011

Elastic fibers are found in the skin, lungs, arteries, veins and other structures. Elastases destroy the elastic fibers and cause the emphysema and pulmonary hypertension. Oxidative stress is needed for these pathologic changes. Accordingly, present study was designed to investigate the effect of Albizziae Cortex extracts (ACE) on elastase activity and anti-oxidative effects of ACE. The in vitro inhibitory effects on elastase and di(phenyl)-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)iminoazanium (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) free radical scavenging activities of ACE were measured. The elastase activity was significantly inhibited by ACE. DPPH and NO free radicals were significantly scavenged as well. ACE showed the elastase-inhibiting effects and anti-oxidative activities in vitro. These results suggest that ACE may have potential roles in the treatment of pulmonary emphysema and pulmonary hypertension.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.201-206
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• 2004

The activities of antioxidation and alcohol dehydrogenase in hibitionin methanol extracts of thirty two medical herbs were tested using the method of DPPH activity, nitrite scavenging effect and alcohol dehydrogenase assay in vitro. In DPPH method, Eugenia caryophyllata, Thea sinensis, Paeonia suffruticosa, Alnus japonica showed over 90 % of free radical scavenging activities. The nitrite scavenging ability appeared Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Alnus japonica, Thea sinensis, Hovenia dulcis(cortex) and Illicium verum showed the high value. In connection with in vivo alcohol metabolism, thirteen medicinal herbs were screened for inhibition. As a reasult, we found significant inhibition of ADH by methanolic extracts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Pueraria thunbergiana(radix), Alnus japonica. These results indicate that the antioxidative effect was strongly related with alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor; Thea sinensis and Alnus japonica.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1111-1119
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• 2019

Prunus mume, known as maesil in Korea, has been widely cultivated in East Asia and used as medication and food. However, because most of the previous studies concerning P. mume had been investigated its under extract state, detailed studies are still required for its extensive utilization. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activities of solvent fractions of P. mume ethanol extracts. The ethyl acetate fraction showed higher DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity than other fractions. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of ethyl acetate fraction was 67.79%; ABTS radical scavenging activity was 60.03%; reducing power ($OD_{670}$) was 1.26; and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity was 93.18% at $500{\mu}g/ml$. Also, the ethyl acetate and methanol fraction showed effective levels of ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibition activity (69.25% and 72.29% at $500{\mu}g/ml$). Total polyphenol contents and total flavonoid contents of the ethyl acetate fraction were 88.28 mg/g (gallic acid equivalent) and 70.38 mg/g (quercetin equivalent), respectively. These results suggest that the physiological activities of the ethyl acetate fraction are associated with its polyphenol and flavonoid contents. Therefore, this study can be used as basic data for developing natural antioxidants and potential functional material using P. mume.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.844-851
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• 2014

This study focused on the anti-oxidative and collagenase- and elastase inhibition effects of low molecular weight peptides (LMP) from commercial Jeju horse leg bone hydrolysates (JHLB) on pancreatin, via enzymatic hydrolysis. Cell viability of dermal fibroblasts exposed to UVB radiation upon treatment with LMP from JHLB was evaluated. Determination of the antioxidant activity of various concentrations of LMP from JHLB were carried out by assessing 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethybenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). The DPPH radical scavenging activity of LMP from JHLB (20 mg/mL) was 92.21% and ABTS radical scavenging activity (15 mg/mL) was 99.50%. FRAP activity (30 mg/mL) was $364.72{\mu}M/TE$ and ORAC activity (1 mg/mL) was $101.85{\mu}M/TE$. The anti-wrinkle potential was assessed by evaluating the elastase- and collagenase inhibition potential of these LMP. We found that 200 mg/mL of LMP from JHLB inhibited elastase activity by 41.32%, and 100 mg/mL of LMP from JHLB inhibited collagenase activity by 91.32%. The cell viability of untreated HS68 human dermal fibroblasts was 45% when exposed to a UVB radiation dose of $100mJ/cm^2$. After 24 h of incubation with $500{\mu}g/mL$ LMP from JHLB, the cell viability increased to 60%. These results indicate that LMP from JHLB has potential utility as an anti-oxidant and anti-wrinkle agent in the food and cosmetic industry. Additional in vivo tests should be carried out to further characterize these potential benefits.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.580-587
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• 2022

In this study, the physiological activity effect of trichosanthis cucumeroidis radix extract on antioxidant activity, whitening, and anti-inflammatory activity was checked, and the possibility of its use as a functional material was checked. The purpose of this study was to confirm the antioxidant activity through DPPH radical scavenging activity of trichosanthis cucumeroidis radix extract, whitening activity effect through melanin production inhibition ability for melanin cell B16F10 melanoma cell, and anti-inflammatory activity effect through NO production inhibition ability for macrophage RAW 264.7 cell. As a result of the study, the concentration-dependent DPPH radical scavenging activity of the trichosanthis cucumeroidis radix extract was confirmed, and DPPH radical scavenging activity similar to that of the positive control Ascorbic acid was confirmed. It was confirmed that the melanin production inhibitory activity induced by 100 nM 𝛼-MSH and the NO production inhibitory ability induced by LPS 1 ㎍/mL were significantly suppressed. Accordingly, it is considered that the trichosanthis cucumeroidis radix extract may be used as a functional material having antioxidant, whitening, and anti-inflammatory effects.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.195-201
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• 2018

This study was executed to evaluate the phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging rate, and the cytotoxic effect in human cancer cell, 3T3-L1 cell from C. lanceolata extracts at various ethanol concentration. Total polyphenol and flavonoid content of the C. lanceolata at various ethanol concentration showed the high amount in 70%, 100% ethanol extract. The DPPH radical scavenging activity progressively increased in a dose-dependent manner, and showed the highest in 100% ethanol extract. The cytotoxic effect against human cancer cell of the C. lanceolata was higher in 50% and 70% ethanol extracts. In particular, the cytotoxic effect in MCF-7 cell was relatively higher than in other cells. The $IC_{50}$ (concentration causing 50% cell death) value showed the highest on MCF-7 cell ($538.39{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ in 70% ethanol extract, and exhibited significant activity against Hela cell ($637.87{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, Calu-6 cell ($728.64{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. The extract of 70% ethanol at $1,000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ exhibited a pronounced cytotoxic effect on 3T3-L1 cell comparable to that of the other extracts, and reduced in a concentration-dependent manner.