• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.1112-1118
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• 2004

This study was carried out to evaluate the free radical scavenging effect and antioxidant effect of Cham-Dang-Gui (Angelica gigas) on cyclophosphamide (CYP) injected rats. Rats were divided into five groups： CON (normal group), ANS (CYP-injected and normal diet group), AND (CYP-injected and normal diet and Cham-Dang-Gui-treated group), ALS (CYP-injected and low iron diet group), and ALD (CYP-injected and low iron diet and Cham-Dang-Gui-treated group). CYP (30 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected to rats for early 3 days. Saline or Cham-Dang-Gui was administrated orally for entire experimental period. DPPH radical scavenger activity was measured by DPPH method, it was shown higher in methanol extract (81.5％) than in water extract (66.3％) of Cham-Dang-Gui. We observed the preventive effects of Cham-Dang-Gui on lipid oxidation of liver and protein oxidation of plasma. Hepatic SOD and catalase activities were significantly higher in CYP-injected group (ANS) than CON group, but SOD activity was slightly lowered in Cham-Dang-Gui treated group than CYP-injected group (ANS). These results suggest that extract of Cham-Dang-Gui could be useful for functional materials to reduce the oxidation of lipids and protein induced by free radicals.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.253-259
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• 2002

The antioxidative and free radical scavenging activity of water extracts of dandelion were investigated. Antioxidative and radical scavenging activity were assessed by means of different tests; inhibition of peroxidation on linoleic acid model system, scavenging DPPH radical, scavenging of hydroxyl radical by chemiluminescence assay, scavenging of superoxide anion radical by EPR spectroscopy and scavenging of hydrogen peroxide. The leaf extract showed strong antioxidant activity in linoleic acid system. The antioxidant activity of water extracts of dandelion increased with increasing concentrations of extracts. The scavenging activity of the dandelion extracts, on inhibition of the DPPH radical, was related to the reaction time. Hydroxyl radical were generated by lenten reaction and dandelion extract was found to scavenge OH˙in a concentration-dependent manner. The water extract of leaf had effective scavenging activities on hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion radical. From the these data, it is evident that water extract of dandelion leaf is an effective scavenger for OH˙, O$_2$¨, DPPH˙, hydrogen peroxide. And, the antioxidative effect observed is believed to be partly due to this radical scavenger activity.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.381-384
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• 2004

The antimicrobial and antioxidative activities were investigated to confirm the utility of wood vinegar. Antimicrobial activity was performed by paper disc method and liquid culture. The growth inhibition was observed in all microbial species at a dose of as low as 25 $\mu$m of wood vinegar by paper disc method. Also, in liquid culture, S. cerevisiae and P. aeruginosa were more inhibited the growth than others in the concentration of $2\%$ (v/v). For measuring of antioxidative activity, wood vinegar was fractionated with acidic, phenolic, basic and neutral fraction; and their antioxidant activities were measured by the radical scavenging effect on DPPH radical. In four fractions, phenolic fraction showed high antioxidative activity.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.64-69
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• 2004

The deficiency of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine(ACh) is responsible for the initiation of Alzheimer's disease. In addition, there is a simple evidence that oxidative stress significantly increases in persons with Parkinson's disease compared to age-matched healthy persons. Therefore, the objective of the study was to investigate the neurodegeneration inhibitory effect of soybean(Glycine Max) and Yak-Kong(Rhynchosia Nolubilis) by measuring the degree of inhibiting Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) catabolizing the ACh and the free radical scavenger effect in vitro. AChE was measured by the minor modified Ellman assay. Free radical scavenging activity was measured using l-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). First, the MeOH extracts of Soybean and Yak-Kong showed the AChE inhibiting activity of 62.0$\pm$2.43％ and 65.0$\pm$3.29％ at the 5 mg/$m\ell$ concentration. The 50％ inhibitory concentration ($IC_{50}$/) of AChE was 1.96 and 1.31 mg/$m\ell$ in the MeOH extracts of soybean and Yak-Kong. Second, the MeOH extracts of soybean and Yak-Kong showed the free radical scavenger activity of 23.1$\pm$4.26％ and 80.7$\pm$4.61％ at the 5 mg/$m\ell$. IC50 of free radical scavenger activity in Soybean and Yak-Kong was 13.00 and 1.41 mg/$m\ell$ in MeOH extracts and was 5.95 and 2.74 mg/$m\ell$ in hot-water extracts, respectively. In this study, the extracts of Soybean and Yak-Kong showed powerful effects in the AChE inhibition and free radical scavenging. The extracts of Soybean and Yak-Kong were expected to prevent the many neurodegenerative diseases.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.267-272
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• 2011

In our search for bioactive phenolics from plants, the culms of Phyllostachys bambusoides has been selected for investigation of anti-cariogenic and 1,1-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging agents based on the initial screening results. Fractionation process of n-hexane and $CHCl_3$ extracts afforded four phenolic constituents, ferulic acid (1), vanillin (2), coniferaldehyde (3), and coniferyl alcohol (4) as guided by their DPPH free radical scavenging activities. Additionally, activity-guided fractionation of EtOAc extract with anti-cariogenic activity has resulted in the isolation of coniferaldehyde (3), 2,6-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone (5), p-methoxycinnamic acid (6), (${\pm}$)-balanophonin (7), and 6-methoxychromanone (8). The structures of 1 - 8 were determined by spectroscopic data interpretation, and also by comparison of their data with the published values. Phenolic compounds 1 - 4 exhibited similar DPPH radical scavenging activities compared with the synthetic antioxidant, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and compounds 3 and 5 - 8 showed significant antibacterial activity against cariogenic oral streptococci, Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.33 no.1 s.128
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• pp.18-20
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• 2002

Assay-guided fractionation of the methanol extract of the leaves of Albizzia julibrissin has furnished quercitrin (1) and afzelin (2) as the scavengers of DPPH radical. Quercitrin and afzelin showed scavenging activity of DPPH free radical with the $IC_{50}$ values of 17.3 and 71.5 ${\mu}M$, respectively.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.437-440
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• 2006

To explore the possible usefulness of ${\beta}$-glucans as natural antioxidants, the antioxidant profiles of ${\beta}$-glucan, extracted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCTC 7911, and water soluble and insoluble mutant ${\beta}$-glucan, isolated from yeast mutant S. cerevisiae IS2, were examined by five different in vitro evaluation methods: lipid peroxidation value (POV), nitric oxide (NO), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, reducing power, and ${\beta}$-carotene diffusion assay. The antioxidant activities of all ${\beta}$-glucans evaluated in POV test were comparable to or better than that of the known antioxidant, vitamin C. Remarkably, the ${\beta}$-glucan and water insoluble mutant ${\beta}$-glucan possessed 2.5-fold more potent activity than vitamin C at a dosage of 2 mg. Although vitamin C showed 100-fold greater activity than all ${\beta}$-glucans in NO and DPPH tests for measuring the radical scavenging capacity, all ${\beta}$-glucans revealed higher radical scavenging activity than the known radical scavenger, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), in DPPH test. The water insoluble mutant ${\beta}$-glucan had 2.6- and 5-fold greater antioxidative activity than water soluble ${\beta}$-glucan in NO and DPPH tests, respectively, showing that all ${\beta}$-glucans were able to scavenge radicals such as NO or DPPH. While all ${\beta}$-glucans revealed lower antioxidant profiles than vitamin C in both reducing power activity and ${\beta}$-carotene agar diffusion assay, the ${\beta}$-glucan and water insoluble mutant ${\beta}$-glucan did show a marginal reducing power activity as well as a considerable ${\beta}$-carotene agar diffusion activity. These results confirmed the potential usefulness of these ${\beta}$-glucans as natural antioxidants.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.115-123
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• 1996

Methanolic aqueous extracts of 100 plants were screened for antioxidative activity using Fenton's reagen/ethyl linoeate system and free radical scavenging activity using DPPH free radical generating system. The results suggest that at least six plants including Eugenia caryophyllata, Alpinia offiicinarum, Rhus verniciflua, Curcuma longa, Rheum palmatvm and Evodia officinalis may be the potential sources of antioxidant, But only one plant, Cornus officinalis, may be the potential source of free radical scavenger from natural plants.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.76-96
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate anti-inflammatory effects of Jogantanggagambang(JGTG). Methods: In the study of anti-oxidant activities, JGTG was investigated by DPPH radical scavenger activity, superoxide dismutase activity and superoxide anion radical scavenger activity. In the study of anti-inflammatory effects, JGTG was investigated using cultured cells and murine models. As for the parameters of inflammation, levels of several inflammatory cytokines and chemical mediators which are known to be related to inflammation were measured in mouse lung fibroblast cells(mLFCs) and RAW264.7 cells. Results: 1. JGTG showed a safety in cytotoxicity and toxicity of liver. 2. JGTG effected scavenging activity on DPPH free radical, superoxide dismutase and superoxide anion radical. 3. JGTG in RAW 264.7 cell decreased IL-$1{\beta}$ mRNA expression, IL-6 mRNA expression, TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA expression at 50, $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and also decreased NOS-II mRNA expression at $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, and decreased COX-2 mRNA expression at 10, 50, $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. 4. JGTG in RAW 264.7 cell decreased significantly IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ at 50, $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. 5. JGTG inhibited significantly IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ production in serum of acute inflammation-induced mice. 6. JGTG decreased significantly IL-$1{\beta}$ mRNA production in spleen tissue. Conclusion: These results suggest that JGTG can be used for treating diverse female diseases caused by inflammation

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.733-738
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• 2003

Chemical compositions and DPPH radical scavenger activity in different sections of safflower (Carthamus tinctorious L.) were investigated. Protein contained 28.39% in sprout and fat contained 20.47% in seed, respectively. Linoleic acid as predominant unsaturated fatty acid of safflower contained 80.01% in sprout and 78.27% in seed. Glucose contained 1253.6mg% in sprout and fructose contained 970.7mg% in sprout. Sucrose contained 912.0mg% in flower bud. Succinic acid was included 2795.3 mg% in flower, malic acid was included 2054.8mg% in leaf. K as minerals contained 2826.8mg% in leaf and 2613,6 mg% in sprout, Ca contained 1999.8mg% in leaf and 1160.9mg% in sprout. Total phenolics contained 5.8%, 4.7%, 4.4% in flower, sprout and leaf, and total flavonoid contained 6.5%, 2.5%, 2.0% in flower, sprout and leaf, respectively Serotonin-I (Ν- [2- (5-hydroxy - l Η- indol -3- yl)ethyl] ferulamide) as serotonin compounds was determined 147.7mg% in seed, serotonin - II (Ν-［2-(5-hydroxy-lΗ-indo-1-3yl )ethyl]-p-coumaramide) was determined 155.4 mg% in seed. Acacetin as flavonoid compounds was contained 116.5mg% in seed. Luteolin as flavonoid compounds was identified 388.3mg% in sprout, luteolin 7-glucoside was determined 692.3mg% in leaf, respectively. DPPH radical scavenger activity was measured by DPPH method, it was shown higher 114.2% in ethanol extract of flower and 113.6% in ethanol extract of leaf than 88.05% of 100 ppm BHA as chemical antioxidant.