• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2014

To simplify the different biological investigation of the methanolic extract and solvent-solvent partitioning of Lablab purpures (L. purpures) bark. In-vitro anti-oxidant study was determined using total DPPH radical scavenging assay. In vitro antimicrobial study was measured by observing zone of inhibition. The cytotoxic activity was studied using brine shrimp lethality bioassay and thrombolytic activity by clot disruption method. The antioxidant potential was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Folin-Ciocalteau reagents using butylated hydroxytolune (BHT) and ascorbic acid as standards. The Aqueous soluble fraction revealed the highest free radical scavenging activity ($IC_{50}=48.76{\mu}g/mL$). The antimicrobial screening of the bark of L. purpures exhibited mild to moderate activity in test microorganisms. The CSF showed the maximum relative percentage inhibition against Salmonella parathyphi (34.2%) for bacteria and C. albicans (28.8%) for fungi whereas, lowest relative percentage inhibition against Sarcina lutea (22.0%) for bacteria and Aspergillus niger (24.4%) for fungi. In the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, The $LC_{50}$ values of Carbon tetrachloride and N-Hexane soluble fraction were found $92.18{\mu}g/mL$, and $68.95{\mu}g/mL$ respectively while the $LC_{50}$ values of standard Vincristine sulphate was $1.37{\mu}g/mL$. The methanolic extract and its organic soluble fractions of Lablab purpureus at concentration 2.0 mg/mL, significantly protected the lysis of erythrocyte membrane induced by hypotonic solution and heat as compared to the standard, acetyl salicylic acid (0.10 mg/mL). The MSF and AQSF produced 61.48 % and 53.75% inhibition of hemolysis of RBC caused by hypotonic solution respectively, whereas acetyl salicylic acid (0.10 mg/mL) showed 76.42%. Ethanol extract of L. purpures and all of its different partitions exhibited moderate thrombolytic activity of 37.25%-2.40%. Very good preliminary screening and simplified experiments were able to show the different biological activity of methanolic extract and its soluble fractions of L. purpures at a time.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.141-152
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• 2011

Growth, oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity of Fucus serratus exposed to high doses of Cd were examined. Two sites in Southwest England (Restronguet Point and Bantham Quay) were selected since they had different histories of metal contamination. 1~10 mg Cd $L^{-1}$ were treated to Aquil medium for up to 14 days. Similar levels of lipid peroxidation but different values of relative growth rates, cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging capacity indicated that F. serratus has population-dependent antioxidant strategies. F. serratus demonstrated cadmium resistance with no visual symptoms for 14 days and the population from the polluted area seemed to have more powerful antioxidant strategies. However Fucus from the conserved area also showed protective anti oxidative mechanism.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2008

Some pharmacological activities of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica were evaluated using its methanol extract (UDE). An acute anti-inflammatory activity of UDE was assessed using carrageenan-induced hind paw edema in rats. UDE exhibited an antioxidant activity when assayed by a stable free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Dose-dependent anti-nociceptive activity of UDE was assessed using the acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice. UDE was able to diminish the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. UDE also suppressed production of nitric oxide and induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in the stimulated macrophages cells. collectively, the results imply that U. davidiana var. japonica has antioxidant and anti-nociceptive activities in addition to anti-inflammatory activity.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.48-54
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• 1997

Scutellariae radix, has been used as a natural drug for fever, inflammation, cataract, and liver disease in traditional medicine. This study was performed in order to investigate the antioxidative effects of Scutellariae radix aqua-acupuncture solution (SRAS) on lipid peroxidation by free radicals. Lipid peroxidation levels were determined by TBA method during the autoxidation of linoleic acid. In this linoleic acid autoxidation system, SRAS markedly exhibited antioxidant activity, which inhibited 89% of linoleic acid peroxidation. SRAS showed scavenging effects on ${\alpha},{\alpha}-diphenyl-{\beta}-picrylhydrazyl$(DPPH) radical, inhibited superoxide generation in xanthine-xathine oxidase system, and also inhibited lipid peroxidation of rat liver tissue by hydroxyl radical derived from $H_2O_2-FE^{+2}$ system. These effects were similar to those of $dl-{\alpha}-tocopherol$, BHA and BHT. In addition, SRAS protected the cell death induced by ter-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) and significantly increased cell viability in the normal rat liver cell (Ac2F). On the basis of these results, it is suggested that SRAS might play a protective role in lipid peroxidation by free radicals.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.591-598
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• 2020

Lactobacillus plantarum KU15149 was demonstrated to have probiotic behavior and functions, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. L. plantarum KU15149 obtained from homemade diced-radish kimchi has a high survival rate under artificial gastric acid (pH 2.5, 0.3% pepsin) and bile salt (0.3% oxgall) conditions. However, L. plantarum KU15149 did not produce β-glucuronidase, which is known to be a carcinogenic enzyme with resistance to several antibiotics, such as gentamycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin. L. plantarum KU15149 strongly adhered to HT-29 cells and had high antioxidant activity in terms of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging and β-carotene bleaching assays. L. plantarum KU15149 also exhibited a pronounced inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production, along with expression of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase -2 (COX-2) as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, when RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated with LPS. Therefore, L. plantarum KU15149 exhibited pharmaceutical functionality as a potential probiotic.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.82-85
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• 2006

Eucommia ulmoides bark extracts by cold water, boiling water, 100% EtOH, 70% EtOH, 100% MeOH, 70% MeOH and $CHCl_3$ were assayed for their medicinal effects. The antioxidant activity of the extracts ranged from $IC_{50}$ 125.2 to $IC_{50}\;872.7{\mu}g/ml$ in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DDPH) free radical-scavenging assay, and cold water extracts had the highest antioxidant activity. $CHCl_3$ extracts had the highest inhibitory effect on angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) giving inhibition of up to 56.4% at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. Extracts in 100% EtOH had the greatest inhibitory effect on $\acute{a}-amylase$ activity ($IC_{50}=174.6{\mu}g/ml$), and 70% MeOH extracts had the greatest inhibitory effect on ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activity ($IC_{50}=14.0{\mu}g/ml$). Taken together, these results provided the in vitro evidence on the ACE, amylase and glucosidase inhibitory actions of E. ulmoides bark that form the pharmacological basis for its antihypertensive and antidiabetic action.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.577-584
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• 2015

본 연구는 와송(둥근바위솔, Orostachys malocophyllus)에 대한 기초 연구의 일환으로 와송(OM)과 유산균 (Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus)으로 발효된 와송(FOM)의 건조 분말을 각각 정제수, 에탄올 및 메탄올로 추출하여 각각의 수율과 pH를 측정한 뒤, 총 페놀성 화합물과 이에 속하는 flavonoid 함량, 미네랄 함량을 측정하고 DPPH free radical scavenging 활성, Cu/Fe 환원력, 간 조직의 microsome 생체막의 지질과산화 억제능 및 linoleic acid를 이용한 지질과산화 정도를 비교 검토하였다. 총 페놀성 화합물과이에 속하는 대표적인 화합물인 flavonoid 함량은 와송의 정제수 추출물에서 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었고, 미네랄 함량은 K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Fe, Na의 순으로 높게 측정되었으며, 7원소 모두 발효 전에 비해 발효 후 함량이 증가하였다. DPPH를 이용한 radical 소거능을 측정한 결과, 와송과 발효와송의 에탄올 및 메탄올 추출물 0.5%에서 대조구인 합성항산화제 BHT 0.05%에 가까운 활성을 나타내었다. Fe와 Cu의 환원력은 모든 군에서 농도 의존적으로 증가하였고, 와송과 발효와송의 에탄올 및 메탄올 추출물 1%에서 대조구인 BHT 1%와 ascorbic acid 1%에 가까운 높은 환원력 을 나타내었다. 간 조직을 이용하여 측정한 지질과산화 억제활성은 모든 군에서 농도 의존적으로 증가하였고, 와송과 발효와송의 에탄올 추출물은 0.01%에서부터 BHT와 비슷한 활성 나타내었으며 1%에서는 BHT보다도 높은 활성을 나타내었다. TBA법과 thiocyanate법으로 지질과산화를 측정한 결과, 와송과 발효와송의 에탄올 및 메탄올 추출물 1%에서 지질과산화 억제능을 보였으며 발효와송의 메탄올 추출물은 두 가지 방법 모두에서 높은 지질과산화 억제능을 나타내었다. 따라서, 유산균 발효 와송은 천연 항산화제 소재로서 활용될 가능성이 보이며 이에 대한 심층적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 기능성 화장품에의 응용하기 위하여, 메밀 추출물의 항산화, 미백 및 항주름 효능을 측정하고, 그 추출물의 성분 분석을 실시하였다. 씨앗 부분의 껍질과 껍질을 제거한 속으로 나누어 실험하였다. 항산화 효능은 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical(DPPH)을 이용한 free radical 소거 활성 측정, luminol-의존성 화학발광법을 이용한 $Fe^{3+}-EDTA/H_2O$ 계에서 생성된 활성산소종(ROS)의 소거 활성 측정, rose-bengal과 빛으로 유도된 사람 적혈구의 용혈에 대한 세포보호 효과를 측정하였다. 미백과 항주름 효능으로는 tyrosinase와 elastase의 활성 저해 능력을 측정하였다. 항산화 및 항노화 효능 측정 결과, 대부분 메밀 속 50% ethanol 추출물을 제외한 나머지 분획 및 추출물에서 효과가 크게 나타났다. Free radical 소거활성($FSC_{50}$)과 총항산화능($OSC_{50}$)은 각각 메밀 껍질의 aglycone 분획($3.5{\pm}0.0{\mu}g/mL$)과 ethyl acetate 분획($0.2{\pm}0.1{\mu}g/mL$)이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 세포보호활성(${\tau}_{50}$)은 메밀 껍질의 ethyl acetate 분획이 10 ${\mu}g/mL$에서 $771.7{\pm}9.9$ min으로 $^1O_2$으로 유도된 세포손상에 대한 보호작용이 가장 크게 나타났다. Tyrosinase 활성 저해 능력($IC_{50}$)은 메밀 껍질과 속의 aglycone 분획이 각각 $53.6{\pm}0.5{\mu}g/mL,\;35.6{\pm}0.4{\mu}g/mL$으로 arbutin보다 효과가 좋은 것으로 나타났다. Elastase 활성 저해 능력($IC_{50}$) 또한 메밀 껍질과 속의 aglycone 분획이 각각 $3.7{\pm}0.4{\mu}g/mL,\;6.0{\pm}0.7{\mu}g/mL$으로 나타났다. 이러한 항산화 및 항노화 활성을 나타내는 메밀의 성분을 분석한 결과, 메밀 속의 ethyl acetate 분획에는 (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin이 함유되어 있었고, 껍질에는 hyperin의 함량이 가장 많은 것으로 나타났으며, 이외에도 quercetin, rutin 등의 많은 플라보노이드 성분들이 함유되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과들은 메밀 속 및 껍질 추출물이 $^1O_2$ 혹은 다른 ROS를 소광시키거나 소거함으로써 그리고 ROS에 대항하여 세포막을 보호함으로써 생체계, 특히, 태양 자외선에 노출된 피부에서 항산화제로서 작용할 수 있음을 가리킨다. 또한 태양 자외선으로 인한 기미, 주근깨 과형성 및 주름 생성에 있어 상당한 저해 효과를 나타낼 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.547-554
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• 2022

This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of cereal bars containing various concentrations (0, 10, 20, or 30%) of apple pomace (AP). Highest vitamin B₁ and C contents were observed in 30% AP-containing bars, but vitamin B₂ and B₃ contents were highest in the control (0.347 and 3.566 mg/100 g, respectively). Cutting strength decreased significantly in an AP concentration-dependent manner. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents in 10% AP bars were 2.949±0.157 mg of GAE/g and 1.001±0.009 mg of CE/g, respectively. Antioxidant activities were assessed by measuring free radical scavenging activities, and 10% AP bars had the highest activities, as determined by ABTS (2,2'azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and DPPH (α-α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl) assays (0.412±0.008 and 0.492±0.021 mg GAE/g, respectively). These results suggested that apple pomace should be regarded a potential nutritional and antioxidant source.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.808-812
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• 2009

The ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory and antioxidant effects of water chestnut (Trapa japonica Flerov.) were assessed to explore its possible use as an anti-diabetic agent. Methanol extracts of the fruit shell and meat of water chestnut were assayed for inhibitory activity against yeast ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Effect of fruit shell extract on postprandial glucose response was assessed. Compared with fruit meat, shell extract showed stronger inhibition against ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ with an $IC_{50}$ of 273 ${\mu}g/mL$. Oral administration of fruit shell extract (500 mg/kg) significantly lowered the postprandial area under the glucose response curve to starch (1 g/kg) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats (p<0.01). Compared with fruit meat, shell extract showed stronger scavenging activity against DPPH, with an $IC_{50}$ of 27.1 ${\mu}g/mL$. The results indicate that the fruit shell of water chestnut was effective in controlling postprandial hyperglycemia and exerted an antioxidant effect. Therefore, water chestnut may be useful in treating diabetes.