• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.13-31
• /
• 2009

The objectives of this study were to offer the basic data for the restoration and conservation of forest wetland by surveying systematically the vascular plants of Sandeul wetland in Mt. Jaeyak, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. The vascular plants in this wetland were recorded as 232 taxa; 74 families, 178 genera, 200 species, 27 varieties and 5 forma. The major communities were Quercus mongolica, Tripterygium regelii, Alnus japonica, Molinia japonica, Salix gracilistyla and Stephanandra incisa. The numbers of plant species by routes were 168 taxa in A-route, 126 taxa in B and 132 taxa in C. The ecological problems in Sandeul wetland were the afforestation of Pinus koraiensis and P. thunbergii, the appearance of naturalized plants, the invasion of species and the scour of valley. The Korean endemic plants were 5 taxa; Salix hallaisanensis, Hepatica insularia; Chrysosplenium barbatum, Ajuga spectabilis and Weigela subsessilis. The rare plants designated by Korea Forest Service were 3 taxa; Aristolochia manshuriensis, Chrysanthemum lineare and Iris ensata var, spontanea. The naturalized plants were 8 taxa; Rumex acetocella, R. crispus, Trifolium repens, Oenothera lamarckiana, Ambrosia artemisifolia var. elatior, Helianthus tuberosus, Erigeron annuus and Phleuum pratense.

• Mycobiology
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.176-178
• /
• 2001

A soft rot of fruits caused by Rhizopus stolonifer occurred on cherry tomato in Jinju City Agricultural Products Wholesale Market, Korea. The disease infection usually started from wounding after cracking of fruits. At first, the lesions started with water soaked and were rapidly softened and diseased lesion gradually expanded. The mycelia grew vigorously on the surface of fruits and formed stolons. Colonies on potato dextrose agar at $25^{\circ}C$ were white cottony at first, becoming heavily speckled by the presence of sporangia and the browinish black, and spreading rapidly by means of stolons fired at various points to the substrate by rhizoids. Sporangia were $82.7{\times}196.7{\mu}m$ in size and globose or sub-globose with somewhat flattened base. The color of sporangia was white at first and then turned black with many spores, and never overhanging. Sporangiophores were $2.6{\sim}5.8{\times}12.3{\sim}24.2{\mu}m$ in width, smooth-walled, non-septate, tight brown, simple, long, arising in groups of $3{\sim}5$ from stolons opposite rhizoids. Sporangiospores were $8.2{\sim}18.8{\mu}m$ long, irregular, round, oval, elongate, angular, and browinish-black streaked. Columella was $64.1{\times}136.3{\mu}m$. brownish gray, and umberella-shaped when dehisced. The causal organism was identified to be R. stolonifer. This is the first report of Rhizopus soft rot on cherry tomato caused by R. stolonifer in Korea.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.57-63
• /
• 2018

In the case of aircraft-launched guided weapons, various interface tests such as MIL-STD-1760 based power source, discrete signal, MUX communication as well as BIT of missile can verify system safety and reliability. The purpose of this case study is to develop a test bench based on MIL-STD-1760E for interoperability testing between aircraft and weapons. We proposed a testing method of the launch sequence based on the defined TIME LINE in the development phase of the missile system from the application of the power of the missile to the targeting, the transfer order, and the missile separation process. Furthermore, it will be a reference model that can maximize the verification scope in the development phase of the air to surface missile system by simulating abnormal situation to the inert missile using the error insertion function.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.173-178
• /
• 2021

This study aimed to understand and analyze the learners' class satisfaction and the effectiveness of synchronous online classes after COVID-19. A total of 188 learners participated in the survey conducted at the end of the Fall Semester 2020 at C University located Gyeongsangnam-do. Findings revealed that learners' satisfaction with the synchronous online classes was relatively low, and the learners had negative perception of that. Learning content have the biggest effect on the learners' class satisfaction. Next came class management and the online learning platform. Therefore, instructors need to organize learning content effectively and enhance learners' understanding considering the most influential variable, learning content so that learners are satisfied with the synchronous online classes. Also, instructors should make it possible for learners to get familiar with the online learning platform and use it without any problems through systematic and faithful class design for effective learning in unfamiliar online learning environment. In addition, instructors need to know learners' needs and difficulties and plan their synchronous online classes. This study has limitations in that it was conducted only at one college and the limited number of variables was measured.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.63 no.4
• /
• pp.353-361
• /
• 2007

Background: Malignancies are a common and important causes of exudative pleural effusions. Several tumor markers have been studied because the pleural fluid cytology and pleural biopsy specimens do not provide a diagnosis in a high percentage of malignant effusions. In an attempt to overcome this limitation, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein (CRP) in pleural effusions and serum, which are known to be inflammation markers, were measured to determine if they can differentiate an exudate from trasndate as well as the diverse causes of exudative pleural effusion. Methods: 178 consecutive patients with pleural effusion (malignant 57, tuberculous 51, parapneumonic 31, empyema 5, miscellaneous benign 7, transudative 27)were studied prospectively. The standard parameters of pleural effusion and measured serum and pleural procalcitonin were examined using in immunoluminometric assay. The level of CRP in serum and pleural fluid was determined by turbidimetric immunoassay. Results: The pleural procalcitonin levels in the exudate were significantly higher than those in the transudate, $0.81{\pm}3.09ng/mL$ and $0.12{\pm}0.12ng/mL$, respectively (p=0.007). The pleural CRP levels were significantly higher in the exudate than the transudate, $2.83{\pm}3.31mg/dL$ and $0.74{\pm}0.67mg/dL$, respectively (p<0.001). The pleural procalcitonin levels in the benign effusion were significantly higher than those in the malignant effusion, $1.15{\pm}3.82ng/mL$ and $0.25{\pm}0.92ng/mL$, respectively (p=0.032). The pleural CRP levels were significantly higher in the benign effusion than in the malignant effusion, $3.68{\pm}3.78mg/dL$ and $1.42{\pm}1.54mg/dL$, respectively (p<0.001). The pleural procalcitonin levels in the non-tuberculous effusion were significantly higher than those in the tuberculous effusion, $1.16{\pm}3.75ng/mL$ and $0.13{\pm}0.37ng/mL$, respectively (p=0.008). Conclusion: Measuring the level of procalcitonin and CRP in the pleural fluid is helpful for differentiating between transudates and exudates. In addition, it is useful for differentiating between benign and malignant pleural effusions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.173-178
• /
• 2016

When a ballast track of a high-speed train is constructed on a bridge, the displacement of the bridge decks can occur because they are not fixed to the rails. Moreover, relative displacements occur between the bridge and rails caused by temperature changes and external loads. The current longitudinal resistance criteria (UIC Code 774-3, KR C-08080) on ballast tracks with continuous welded rails (CWRs) do not take into account the longitudinal movement of the bridge and the frictional force between the ballast and slabs. In addition, the magnitude of the longitudinal resistance, k, is calculated somewhat conservatively and, (therefore?) it acts as an unfavorable element in the design of long span and continuous railway bridges. Thus, in order to replicate the actual behavior more effectively, the longitudinal resistance of CWRs should take into account the additional rigidity between the slab and track. In this study, the longitudinal resistances of the ballasted track on the bridge were analyzed by carrying out an experimental study with a test setup designed to simulate the deck and bed track. In the test results, the maximum longitudinal resistances of the tests were similar to the resistances of the current codes, however, the measured longitudinal stiffness designed to limit the displacement of the tests were much smaller in comparison with the longitudinal stiffness on the codes.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.217-228
• /
• 2019

This study was designed to investigate the effect of exercise prescription service on user satisfaction and reuse intention of fitness center users in C region, Gangwon-do. The subjects of this study were 250 fitness center users aged 20 and over. Survey was conducted to examine users satisfaction and reuse intention. The final analysis data is 227 copies and the results are as follows. First, there was a significant difference in sex at the facility of satisfaction of use(t=2.308, p=.022). The marriage showed a significant difference in the price among user satisfaction(t=2.490, p=.014) and reuse intention(t=-1.968, p=.05). Age showed significant differences in the duration of participation(F=7.117, p=.000), frequency (F=6.171, p=.000), and intensity(F=2.791, p=.027). User satisfaction showed significant differences according to price(F=6.171, p=.000), leader(F=3.083, p=.017) and reuse intention(F=2.699, p=.032). There was a significant difference in education groups in terms of duration of participation(F=3.656, p=.007) and frequency(F=3.164, p=.015). leader(F=5.170, p=.001) and price(F=2.899, p=.023) were different in user satisfaction. Jobs showed a significant difference in the duration of participation(F=4.685, p=.000), intensity(F=2.373, p=.023) and reuse intention(F=4.840, p=.000). Monthly income showed a significant difference in user satisfaction(F=4.651, p=.001) and facility(F=2.606, p=.037). Second, there was a significant difference in the duration of participation according to presence or absence of exercise prescription service(t=-4.410, p=.000). There was also significant differences in the user satisfaction(t=-7.951, p=.000), leader(t=5.304, p=.000), facility(t=2.033, p=.043) and reuse intention(t=4.640, p=.000) in terms of the presence of exercise prescription service. Third, in the relation between exercise prescription service and the participation level, there was a significant effect of the leader(β=.221, p=.001) and the price(β=.135, p=.045) of user satisfaction, and the reuse intention(β=.182, p=.007). Fourth, among the user satisfaction influenced by exercise prescription service, facilities(β=.178, p=.005) and leader(β=.497, p=.000) were found to affect reuse intention.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.155-167
• /
• 2007

This study was carried out to offer the raw data for environment conservation by surveying and analysing the flora distributed over Jinhae-si, and to present the frame for preparing the method of obtaining the bioresource in approach to plant resource. The period of survey was from May, 2005 to June, 2006, and the routes were A(Mt. Jangbok), B(Ahnmin hill) C(Mt. Hwa). The results as follows. The vascular plants were summarized as 447 taxa; 98 families, 286 genera, 394 species, 49 varieties, and 4 forma. The rare plants designated by Korea Forest Service were 2 taxa; Tricyrtis dilatata and Viola albida. The Korean endemic plants were 11 taxa; Tricyrtis dilatata, Salix caprea, Carpinus coreana, Melandryum seoulense, Clematis trichotoma, Thalictrum uchiyamai, Deutzia coreana, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora, Lespedeza maritima, Forsythia koreana and Weigela subsessilis.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.55 no.3
• /
• pp.173-178
• /
• 2013

The characteristics of lactation persistency was investigated for new evaluation trait using 4,366,900 milk yield records from 436,690 heads of Korean Holstein dairy cattle. The average lactation persistencies of first parity, second parity and over third parity were 97.5%, 95.1% and 94.6%, respectively and there was a trend that after the peak yield, lactation persistency decreased collectively. The average days of peak milk yields after calving was about 50 days, but only 33.2% of cows reached peak yields at 36~66 days (second test day). Also, there was a difference between the milk yield of cows which reached peak yields at first test day by lactation days and that of cows which reached peak yields at second to fourth test day. The estimates of heritabilty and repeatability for mean lactation persistency were 0.16 and 0.35, respectively. The genetic correlation between cumulative lactation persistency from third to tenth test day and that from third to seventh test day was 0.91 and while it increased in later test day, it decreased sharply in earlier test day. The breeding value correlations of Data II and III for Data I were 0.80 and 0.72, respectively, while the rank correlations were 0.78 and 0.71, respectively. Based on the results, the breeding value and rank correlations decreased when more data were added.

• Health Communication
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.125-132
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the quality of basic life support (BLS) information for primary Korean-speaking individuals on the internet. Methods: Using the $Google^{(C)}$ search engine, we searched for the terms 'CPR', 'cardiopulmonary resuscitation (in Korean)' and 'cardiac arrest (in Korean)'. The accuracy, reliability and accessibility of web pages was evaluated based on the 2015 American heart association(AHA) guidelines for CPR & emergency cardiovascular care, the health on the net foundation code of conduct and Korean web content accessibility guidelines 2.1, respectively. Results: Of the 178 web pages screened, 50 met criteria for inclusion. The overall quality of BLS information was not enough (median 5/7, IQR 4.75-6). 23(36%) pages were created in accordance with 2010 AHA guidelines. Only 24(48%) web pages educated on how to use the automated electrical defibrillator. The attribution and transparency of the reliability of pages was relatively low, 20(40%) and 16(32%). The web accessibility score was relatively high. Conclusion: A small of proportion of internet web pages searched by Google have high quality BLS information for a Korean-speaking population. Web pages based on past guideline were still being searched. The notation of the source of CPR information and the transparency of the author should be improved. The verification and evaluation of the quality of BLS information exposed to the Internet are continuously needed.