• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.463-466
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• 2005

While recent display devices are becoming light and slim, the size of a screen is especially the important issue in the field of display devices. Furthermore, it is also required that the projection TV, a large screen display device, be able to represent higher resolutions as the digital broadcasting is set off. In order to realize high resolutions in a DLP projection TV, the number of pixel on DMD should be increased. However, a large number of pixels make it difficult to realize resulting small sized pixels and this cause the increase in cost. Therefore, we propose a simple and improved pixel enhancement actuator using the existing DMD by offsetting half pixels repeatedly in the vertical direction.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.285-290
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• 1995

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of wheat bran addition on the fermentative quality and dry matter digestibility(Dh4D) of rye silage. This hexbage was ensiled by the conventional methods in small glass silo of 0.82 liter with addition of wheat bran of 0%, 5%. 01%, and 15%. mpectivery.The samples of rye silage were determined the pH, lactic acid, acetic acid and butyric acid. The DMD was evaluated by pepsin-cellulase technique method. The energy values (total digestible nutrients. TDN : digestible energy, DE : metabolizable energy, ME) were calculated by DMD. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The pH and butyric acid of rye silage were reduced with increasing of wheat bran addition, but the contents of lactic acid and total acid were increased. 2. TDN, DE and ME were increased with high rate of wheat bran addition. 3. Regression equation and correlation coefficients between Flieg's score(X) and DMD(Y) of silage were Y =48.7+0.157X(r=0.917, p<0.01). 4. Regression equation and correlation coefficients between level of wheat bran(X) and Flieg's score(Y) of silage were Y= 18.3+5.56X(r=0.929, p<0.01).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.13-16
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• 1998

A $2{\times}2{\times}4$ factorial study was conducted to examine the possibility of improving estimates of in vitro digestibility, using untreated (UBS) and ammonia-treated (ABS) barley straw, through homogenization of rumen fluid (RF) and by additions of urea (U) and casein (C) as N sources and Xylose + Glucose (XG) as energy sources into artificial saliva. Digestibiltiy of ABS was significantly greater than that of UBS (p < 0.001). There was a significant decrease in digestibility when additions (U, UC, UCXG) were compared with the control (p < 0.001). A 2-way interaction between RF and straw type was significant (p < 0.05) for dry matter digestibility (DMD). Homogenization of RF increased DMD of ABS (p < 0.05) whereas it decreased DMD of UBS (p > 0.05). The study showed that addition of N alone or in combination with energy sources was not better than control, rather the reverse, digestion was inhibited by a combination of U and casein (UC). It was concluded that sufficient N and branched chain fatty acids were supplied in the inoculum from sheep fed high protein grass cubes to support the growth of cellulolytic microbes during in vitro incubation. Further studies are, however, required to explore the potential of homogenization in improving the in vitro method to estimate digestibility of cereal straws.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.389-392
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• 2005

In the maskless photolithography based on the Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) by Texas Instruments Inc. (TI), the micromirror array works as a virtual photomask to write patterns directly onto Flat Panel Display (FPD) at high speed with low cost. However, it is neither simple to generate region-based patterns for the micromirror array nor easy to deliver sequences of patterns for the micromirror controller. Moreover, the quality of lithography yields the precise synchronization between generating sequence of patterns and irradiation rate off micromirrors. In this study, the region-based pattern generating system for maskless photolithography is devised. To verify salient features of devised functionalities, the prototype system is implemented and the system is evaluated with actual DMD based photolithography. The results show that proposed pattern generating method is proper and reliable. Moreover, the devised region-based pattern generating system is robust and precise enough to handle any possible user specified mandate and to achieve the quality of photolithography required by FPD manufacturer.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.24 no.8 s.197
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• pp.138-143
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• 2007

Microstereolithography technology is similar to the conventional stereolithography process and enables to fabricate a complex 3D microstructure. This is divided into scanning and projection type according to aiming at precision and fabrication speed. The scanning MSL fabricates each layer using position control of laser spot on the resin surface, whereas the projection MSL fabricates one layer with one exposure using a mask. In the projection MSL, DMD used to generate dynamic pattern consists of $1024{\times}768$ micromirrors which have $13.68{\mu}m$ per side. The fabrication range and resolution are determined by the field of view of the DMD and the magnification of the projection lens. If using the projection lens with high power, very fine microstructures can be fabricated. In this paper, the projection MSL system adapted to a large surface for array-type fabrication is presented. This system covers the meso range, which is defined as the intermediate range between micro and macro, with a resolution of a few ${\mu}m$. The fabrication of array-type microstructures has been demonstrated to verify the performance of implemented system.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 1989

Different fractions of maize plant and whole mixed fodder were analysed for their chemical composition and dry matter digestibility (DMD). Highest crude protein (CP) values were found in leaves as compared to the other portions. Younger plants contained more CP as compared to the matured ones. The crude fiber (CF) content of various fractions of the plant ranged between 19.12 to 35.60% with maximum values in the bottom portion of the stem. Matured plants contained more CF. The analysis of cell wall constituents indicated that the maximum values for neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were found in the bottom portion and in the whole mixed plant. The highest levels of acid detergent fiber (ADF) were observed in bottom fraction followed by whole mixed plant, whereas the other plant fractions did not show any differences. Variation in acid detergent lignin (ADL) values existed in different fractions of the plant and the lowest were in the top portion of the stem. Although there existed a variation in the mineral composition of different fractions of the plants, the results were non significant. Maximum DMD was found in leaves followed by the whole mixed plant, middle and bottom portion of the stem. The values of DMD were higher in younger plants as compared to the matured ones. It may be concluded that younger plants and the upper portion of the plants have a higher nutritive value as compared to the matured plants and lower portion of the plants.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.407-414
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• 2009

A quantitative analysis was conducted to study the impacts of artificial flow alteration on fish habitate condition change in the Geum River downstream the Daechung Multi-purpose Dam (DMD). River Analysis Package (RAP) was employed for the analysis and three fish species of black shiner, long nose barbel and Korean shinner were selected as icon species. The results of the analysis showed enhaced fish habitat conditions during low flow seasons in spring and fall after DMD construction, while the impact of the Youngdam Multipurpose Dam located upstream the DMD was insignificant. This result could be attributed to the fact that the increased flow during dry seasons helped create preferable habitat conditions for the fish species tested in this study.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.221-227
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• 1993

Browse from Quercus aliena Blume, Quercus mongolica Fisch.. Quercus serrata Thunb., Quercus acutissima Carruth., Quercus variabilies Blume, and Quercus dentata Thunb. were analyzed for crude protein (CP). crude fiber(CF). neutral detergent fiber(NDF). acid detergent fiber(ADF). cellulose. lignin, in vitro dry matter digestibility(DMD), and tannin acid equivalents(TAE). According to the chemical composition and DMD. the total digestible nutrients(TDN). digestible energy(DE), and metabolizable energy(ME) were estimated. Oak browse samples were collected from May through October from 1990 to 1992 in Mt. Kyeryong. Browse from Quercus aliena, Quercus acutissima, and Quercus serrata contained higher levels of CP, DMD. TDN, DE. and ME. but lower levels of CF, NDF. ADF, and TAE as compared with other oak browse. Differences among seasons and years in the concentration of CP. NDF, and organic matter digestibility(0MD) were significantly appeared in all oak browse(P<0.05). The order of preference ratings of oak browse were Quercus aliena ) Quercus acutissima ) Quercus serrata ) Quercus mongollca ) Quercus variabilies ) Quercus dentata. As the results of this study, it could be considered that Quercus aliena and Quercus acutisslma were more valuable browse source than others.

• Journal of Information Display
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.76-83
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• 2010

This paper presents the multi-user autostereoscopic 3D display system constructed and operated by the authors using the time-multiplexing approach. This prototype has three main advantages over the previous versions developed by the authors: its hardware was simplified as only one optical array is used to create viewing regions in space, a lenticular multiplexing screen is not necessary as images can be produced sequentially on a fast 120Hz LCD with full resolution, and the holographic projector was replaced with a high-frame-rate digital micromirror device (DMD) projector. The whole system in this prototype consists of four major parts: a 120Hz high-frame-rate DMD projector, a 49-element optical array, a 120Hz screen assembly, and a multi-user head tracker. The display images for the left/right eyes are produced alternatively on a 120Hz direct-view LCD and are synchronized with the output of the projector, which acts as a backlight of the LCD. The novel steering optics controlled by the multiuser head tracker system directs the projector output to regions referred to as exit pupils, which are located in the viewers’eyes. The display can be developed in the "hang-on-the-wall"form.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.479-485
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• 2017

Objective: The effects of particle size of processed barley grain, enzyme addition and microwave treatment on in vitro dry matter (DM) disappearance (DMD), gas production and fermentation pH were investigated for feedlot cattle. Methods: Rumen fluid from four fistulated feedlot cattle fed a diet of 860 dry-rolled barley grain, 90 maize silage and 50 supplement g/kg DM was used as inoculum in 3 batch culture in vitro studies. In Experiment 1, dry-rolled barley and barley ground through a 1-, 2-, or 4-mm screen were used to obtain four substrates differing in particle size. In Experiment 2, cellulase enzyme (ENZ) from Acremonium cellulolyticus Y-94 was added to dry-rolled and ground barley (2-mm) at 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/g, while Experiment 3 examined the interactions between microwaving (0, 30, and 60 s microwaving) and ENZ addition (0, 1, and 2 mg/g) using dry-rolled barley and 2-mm ground barley. Results: In Experiment 1, decreasing particle size increased DMD and gas production, and decreased fermentation pH (p<0.01). The DMD (g/kg DM) of the dry-rolled barley after 24 h incubation was considerably lower (p<0.05) than that of the ground barley (119.1 dry-rolled barley versus 284.8 for 4-mm, 341.7 for 2-mm; and 358.6 for 1-mm). In Experiment 2, addition of ENZ to dry-rolled barley increased DMD (p<0.01) and tended to increase (p = 0.09) gas production and decreased (p<0.01) fermentation pH, but these variables were not affected by ENZ addition to ground barley. In Experiment 3, there were no interactions between microwaving and ENZ addition after microwaving for any of the variables. Microwaving had minimal effects (except decreased fermentation pH), but consistent with Experiment 2, ENZ addition increased (p<0.01) DMD and gas production, and decreased (p<0.05) fermentation pH of dry-rolled barley, but not ground barley. Conclusion: We conclude that cellulase enzymes can be used to increase the rumen disappearance of barley grain when it is coarsely processed as in the case of dry-rolled barley. However, microwaving of barley grain offered no further improvements in ruminal fermentation of barley grain.