• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.159-169
• /
• 2003

Five two-phase closed loop thermosyphons (TLTs) specially designed and constructed for the present study are one small scale loop, two medium scale loops (MSLI and MSLII) and two large scale loops (LSLI and LSLII). Two simulation models based on thermal resistance network, lumped and sectorial, are presented. In the Lumped model, the evaporator section is dealt as one lumped boiling section. Whereas, in the Sectorial model, all possible phenomena which would occur in the evaporator section due to the two-phase boiling process are considered in detail. Flow regimes, the flow transitions between flow regimes and other two-phase parameters involved in two-phase flows are carefully analyzed. In the present study, the results of two different simulation models are compared with experimental results. The comparisons showed that the simulation results by the Lumped model and by the Sectorial model did not show any partiality for the model used for the simulation. The simulation results according to the correlations show the various results in the large different range.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.51 no.6
• /
• pp.648-660
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to develop an emerging infectious disease (COVID-19) simulation module for nursing students and verify its effectiveness. Methods: A one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study was conducted with 78 under-graduate nursing students. A simulation module was developed based on the Jeffries simulation model. It consisted of pre-simulation lectures on disaster nursing including infectious disease pandemics, practice, and debriefings with serial tests. The scenarios contained pre-hospital settings, home visits, arrival to the emergency department, and follow-up home visits for rehabilitation. Results: Disaster preparedness showed a statistically significant improvement, as did competencies in disaster nursing. Confidence in disaster nursing increased, as did willingness to participate in disaster response. However, critical thinking did not show significant differences between time points, and neither did triage scores. Conclusion: The developed simulation program targeting an infectious disease disaster positively impacts disaster preparedness, disaster nursing competency, and confidence in disaster nursing, among nursing students. Further studies are required to develop a high-fidelity module for nursing students and medical personnel. Based on the current pandemic, we suggest developing more scenarios with virtual reality simulations, as disaster simulation nursing education is required now more than ever.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.40-47
• /
• 2020

Because the psychophysical symptoms of hearing loss and dementia in the elderly are very similar, untrained healthcare professionals in dementia facilities can easily overlook a severity of hearing loss in their patients. The present study identifies their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) on hearing loss using a survey whether they may help hearing problem of the patients with dementia. A total of 29 health-care professionals responded to the KAP survey. Also, 2 family members participated. The results showed that most of the nurses and caregivers in elderly medical welfare facilities who worked with dementia patients did not have knowledge of their hearing loss. Even the facility managers did not know how to conduct hearing tests for their patients although they did recognize that some of their patients had a hearing loss. Eventually, actual practice was not possible at this moment by the professionals. However, our respondents did have a positive attitude toward screening for hearing loss and help their patients with dementia wear hearing aids if a clinical guideline was provided. We suggest to develop clear and precise clinical guidelines of the hearing screening test for the dementia patients due to the interrelationship between dementia and hearing loss. When these guidelines apply to elderly residents in a medical welfare facility, early diagnosis and treatment of their sensory loss will help alleviate their dementia as well.

• Korean Journal of Audiology
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.40-47
• /
• 2020

Because the psychophysical symptoms of hearing loss and dementia in the elderly are very similar, untrained healthcare professionals in dementia facilities can easily overlook a severity of hearing loss in their patients. The present study identifies their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) on hearing loss using a survey whether they may help hearing problem of the patients with dementia. A total of 29 health-care professionals responded to the KAP survey. Also, 2 family members participated. The results showed that most of the nurses and caregivers in elderly medical welfare facilities who worked with dementia patients did not have knowledge of their hearing loss. Even the facility managers did not know how to conduct hearing tests for their patients although they did recognize that some of their patients had a hearing loss. Eventually, actual practice was not possible at this moment by the professionals. However, our respondents did have a positive attitude toward screening for hearing loss and help their patients with dementia wear hearing aids if a clinical guideline was provided. We suggest to develop clear and precise clinical guidelines of the hearing screening test for the dementia patients due to the interrelationship between dementia and hearing loss. When these guidelines apply to elderly residents in a medical welfare facility, early diagnosis and treatment of their sensory loss will help alleviate their dementia as well.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.1052-1059
• /
• 2008

Sequential Sensitivity Analysis (SSA) and conditional stimulus model have been developed to describe sequence effects in difference tests and proposed to generate prediction of differences in sensitivity between various test protocols and to assist the appropriate selection of difference test. Yet, such models did not furnish a complete explanation of the relative sensitivity in 4 different versions of 3-alternative forced choice (AFC) tests where various interstimulus rinses were introduced. In the present study, the vector of the contrasts between various conditional stimuli were measured using same-different and 2-AFC and a new 16-distribution conditional stimulus model was developed by refining Lee and O'Mahony's contrast model. This new model gave superior predictions than previous models.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.687-694
• /
• 2010

Breaks in presence (BIP) are those moments during virtual environment (VE) exposure in which participants become aware of their real world setting and their sense of presence in the VE becomes disrupted. In this study, we investigate participants' experience when they encounter technical anomalies during game play. We induced four technical anomalies and compared the BIP responses of a navigation mode game to that of a combat mode game. In our analysis, we applied a linear mixed model (LMM) and compared the results with those of a conventional regression model. Results indicate that participants felt varied levels of impact and recovery when experiencing the various technical anomalies. The impact of BIPs was clearly affected by the game mode, whereas recovery appears to be independent of game mode. The results obtained using the LMM did not differ significantly from those obtained using the general regression model; however, it was shown that treatment effects could be improved by consideration of random effects in the regression model.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.209-219
• /
• 2013

The present paper deals with the extension of AUSMPW+ scheme into two-fluid model for multiphase flow. AUSMPW+ scheme is the improvement of a single-phase AUSM+ scheme by designing pressure-based weighting functions to prevent oscillations near a wall and shock instability after a strong shock. Recently, Kitamura and Liou assessed a family of AUSM-type schemes with two-fluid model governing equations [K. Kitamura and M.-S. Liou, Comparative study of AUSM-Family schemes in compressible multi-phase flow simulations, ICCFD7-3702 (2012)]. It was observed that the direct application of the single-phase AUSMPW+ did not provide satisfactory results for most of numerical test cases, which motivates the current study. It turns out that, by designing pressure-based weighting functions, which play a key role in controlling numerical diffusion for two-fluid model, problems reported in can be overcome. Various numerical experiments validate the proposed modification of AUSMPW+ scheme is accurate and robust to solve multiphase flow within the framework of two-fluid model.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.133-143
• /
• 2023

In this study, we propose a big data set of strawberry pests collected directly for diagnosis model learning and an automatic pest diagnosis model architecture based on deep learning. First, a big data set related to strawberry pests, which did not exist anywhere before, was directly collected from the web. A total of more than 12,000 image data was directly collected and classified, and this data was used to train a deep learning model. Second, the deep-learning-based automatic pest diagnosis module is a module that classifies what kind of pest or disease corresponds to when a user inputs a desired picture. In particular, we propose a model architecture that can optimally classify pests based on a convolutional neural network among deep learning models. Through this, farmers can easily identify diseases and pests without professional knowledge, and can respond quickly accordingly.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.103-114
• /
• 2013

Objectives : This study aimed to analyze the management efficiency of Korean Medicine hospitals for recent 10 years(2001~2010) using the Data Envelop Analysis(DEA) model. Methods : We collected the management data of 23 Korean Medicine hospitals for DEA model from the Korean Oriental Medicine Hospitals' Association (KOMHA). Input variables of DEA model are numbers of beds, numbers of doctors, numbers of nurses and numbers of other staffs of each Korean Medicine hospitals. Output variables are numbers of inpatients and numbers of outpatients of each Korean Medicine hospitals. Based on the DEA model, we calculated the efficiency score of each Korean Medicine hospital and compared it by hospital's ownership, location, and size. Results : Average DEA efficiency scores of Korean Medicine hospitals by year ranged from 0.86 to 0.92. Private owned hospitals showed higher efficiency scores than the university affiliated hospitals with statistical significance (p=0.001). And Korean Medicine hospitals located in capital region of Korea(Seoul City, Incheon City, Gyeonggi-do) and the rest Korean Medicine hospitals did not show statistical difference (p=0.516). Lastly, Korean Medicine hospitals with different size did not show statistical difference in management efficiency (p=0.499). Conclusion : We have found that Korean Medicine hospitals management efficiency have not changed throughout 10 years, and that different ownership forms of Korean Medicine hospital show statistical difference in management efficiency while location, and size do not.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.257-266
• /
• 2017

Purpose: The aims of this study were to construct a hypothetical structural model which explains premenstrual coping in university students and to test the fitness with collected data. Methods: Participants were 206 unmarried women university students from 3 universities in A and B cities. Data were collected from March 29 until April 30, 2016 using self-report structured questionnaires and were analyzed using IBM SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 18.0. Results: Physiological factor was identified as a significant predictor of premenstrual syndrome (t=6.45, p<.001). This model explained 22.1% of the variance in premenstrual syndrome. Psychological factors (t=-2.49, p=.013) and premenstrual syndrome (t=8.17, p<.001) were identified as significant predictors of premenstrual coping. Also this model explained 30.9% of the variance in premenstrual coping in university students. A physiological factors directly influenced premenstrual syndrome (${\beta}=.41$, p=.012). Premenstrual syndrome (${\beta}=.55$, p=.005) and physiological factor (${\beta}=.23$, p=.015) had significant total effects on premenstrual coping. Physiological factor did not have a direct influence on premenstrual coping, but indirectly affected it (${\beta}=.22$, p=.007). Psychological factors did not have an indirect or total effect on premenstrual coping, but directly affected it (${\beta}=-.17$, p=.036). Conclusion: These findings suggest that strategies to control physiological factors such as menstrual pain should be helpful to improve premenstrual syndrome symptoms. When developing a program to improve premenstrual coping ability and quality of menstrual related health, it is important to consider psychological factors including perceived stress and menstrual attitude and premenstrual syndrome.