• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2019년도 전력전자학술대회
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• pp.71-73
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• 2019

The output current of the Grid Connected Inverter (GCI) can be polluted with harmonics mainly due to i) dead time in switches, ii) non-linearity of switches, iii) grid harmonics, and iv) DC link fluctuation. Therefore, it is essential to design the robust Harmonic Compensation (HC) technique for the improvement of output current quality and fulfill the IEEE 1547 Total harmonics Distortion (THD) limit i.e. <5%. The conventional harmonic techniques often are complex in implementation due to their i) additional hardware needs, ii) complex structure, iii) difficulty in tuning of parameters, iv) current controller compatibility issues, and v) higher computational burden. In this paper, to eliminate the harmonics from the GCI output current, a novel Digital Lock-In Amplifier (DLA) based harmonic detection is proposed. The advantage of DLA is that it extracts the harmonic information accurately, which is further compensated by means of PI controller in feed forward manner. Moreover, the proposed HC method does not require additional hardware and it works with any current controller reference frame. To show the effectiveness of the proposed HC method a 5kW GCI prototype built in laboratory. The output current THD is achieved less than 5% even with 10% load, which is verified by simulation and experiment.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.159-179
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• 2022

Often a network becomes complex, and multiple entities would get in charge of managing part of the whole network. An example is a utility grid. While the entire grid would go under a single utility company's responsibility, the network is often split into multiple subsections. Subsequently, each subsection would be given as the responsibility area to the corresponding sub-organization in the utility company. The issue of how to make subsystems of adequate size and minimum number of interconnections between subsystems becomes more critical, especially in real-time simulations. Because the computation capability limit of a single computation unit, regardless of whether it is a high-speed conventional CPU core or an FPGA computational engine, it comes with a maximum limit that can be completed within a given amount of execution time. The issue becomes worsened in real time simulation, in which the computation needs to be in precise synchronization with the real-world clock. When the subject of the computation allows for a longer execution time, i.e., a larger time step size, a larger portion of the network can be put on a computation unit. This translates into a larger margin of the difference between the worst and the best. In other words, even though the worst (or the largest) computational burden is orders of magnitude larger than the best (or the smallest) computational burden, all the necessary computation can still be completed within the given amount of time. However, the requirement of real-time makes the margin much smaller. In other words, the difference between the worst and the best should be as small as possible in order to ensure the even distribution of the computational load. Besides, data exchange/communication is essential in parallel computation, affecting the overall performance. However, the exchange of data takes time. Therefore, the corresponding consideration needs to be with the computational load distribution among multiple calculation units. If it turns out in a satisfactory way, such distribution will raise the possibility of completing the necessary computation in a given amount of time, which might come down in the level of microsecond order. This paper presents an effective way to split a given electrical network, according to multiple criteria, for the purpose of distributing the entire computational load into a set of even (or close to even) sized computational loads. Based on the proposed system splitting method, heavy computation burdens of large-scale electrical networks can be distributed to multiple calculation units, such as an RTDS real time simulator, achieving either more efficient usage of the calculation units, a reduction of the necessary size of the simulation time step, or both.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.1124-1128
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• 2021

선박으로부터 발생하는 배출가스에 대한 규제가 강화되고 이를 해결하기위한 대안으로 전기추진시스템의적용이 대형상선에서부터 중·소형선박에 이르기까지 그 사용이 증가되고있다. 전기추진시스템의 효율 향상을 위한 방법으로 발전원의 개선, 배터리·연료전지·태양광 등의 친환경 발전원의 시스템 연계 및 정류기, 전력변환장치, 추진전동기의 개발과 제어방식의 연구를 들 수 있다. 그 중 정류방식에 있어 상천이변압기과 다이오드를 이용하는 방식이 널리 사용되었으나, 직류배전을 이용한 친환경발전원의 계통 연계, 가변속 발전원의 사용, 중·소형 전기추진시스템의 적용을 통해 전력용 반도체 소자를 이용한 AFE정류기에 대한 수요가 증대되고 있다. 이러한 AFE 정류기를 제어하는 방식에 있어 기존의 비례적분제어기가 아닌 신경회로망을 이용한 방식을 본 연구에서는 제안하였다. 기존의 제어기 데이터를 활용하여 Matlab/Simulink를 통해 학습한 신경회로망제어기를 설계하고 PSIM을 통해 설계된 정류시스템에 신경회로망 제어기를 적용하여 부하변동에 따른 직류출력단의 파형과 역률 개선의 유효성을 확인하였다. 이는 공간이 협소한 중소형 친환경 선박의 정류시스템으로써 적용이 가능하다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2021

직류 배전시스템의 보급이 증가됨에 따라 이에 따른 고장 발생 및 화재 사고도 증가하고 있고 특히 스마트 그리드의 구성 요소인 ESS 화재 사고, 직류 시스템인 태양광 발전 시스템의 화재 사고는 신재생에너지의 보급이 급격하게 증가하고 동시에 사용 연수 10년 이상의 노후 시설이 많아짐에 따라, 시스템 구성 요소 간의 전기적인 접속의 문제들로 발생하고 있다. 이로 인해 유발된 빛과 열을 방출하여 직접적인 화재의 원인이 될 수 있는 아크가 화재의 한 원인으로 지적되고 있다. 따라서 이러한 아크 결함의 문제는 기존의 과전류차단기와 누전차단기로는 아크사고를 사전에 차단할 수 없는 실정이며 대규모 유틸리티 시스템뿐만 아니라 소규모 주거 시스템에서도 인간의 안전에 중대한 위협이 될 수 있기에 아크사고에 대한 대책이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 국제표준화에 만족하는 시험장비 개발과 아크 발생에 따른 고장 및 화재를 보호하기 위한 직류 아크 Generator를 개발 하고자 한다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.200-211
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• 2017

Conventional boost-full-bridge and boost-hybrid-bridge two-stage inverters are widely applied in order to adapt to the wide dc input voltage range of photovoltaic arrays. However, the efficiency of the conventional topology is not fully optimized because additional switching losses are generated in the voltage conversion so that the input voltage rises and then falls. Moreover, the electrolytic capacitors in a dc-link lead to a larger volume combined with increases in both weight and cost. This paper proposes a higher efficiency inverter with time-sharing synchronous modulation. The energy transmission paths, wheeling branches and switching losses for the high-frequency switches are optimized so that the overall efficiency is greatly improved. In this paper, a contrastive analysis of the component losses for the conventional and proposed inverter topologies is carried out in MATLAB. Finally, the high-efficiency under different switching frequencies and different input voltages is verified by a 3 kW prototype.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2007

This paper describes the design and integration of the wind-fuel cell hybrid system. The hybrid system components included a wind turbine, an electrolyzer (for generation of H2), a PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell), hydrogen storage tank and BOP (Balance of Plant) system. The energy input is entirely provided by a wind turbine. A DC-DC converter controls the power input to the electrolyzer, which produces hydrogen and oxygen form water. The hydrogen used the fuel for the PEMFC. Hydrogen may be produced and stored in high pressure tank by hydrogen gas booster system. Wind conditions are changing with time of day, season and year. So, wind power is a variable energy source. The main purpose with these WT-FC hybrid system is to store hydrogen by electrolysis of water when wind conditions are good and release the stored hydrog en to supply the fuelcell when wind is low.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2008

A single active capacitor snubber-assisted soft-switching sinewave pulse modulation utility-interactive power conditioner with a three-winding flyback high frequency transformer link and a bidirectional active power switch in its secondary side has been proposed. With the aid of the switched-capacitor quasi-resonant snubber cell, the high frequency switching devices in the primary side of the proposed DC-to-AC sinewave power inverter can be turned-off with ZVS commutation. In addition to this, the proposed power conditioner in the DCM can effectively take the advantages of ZCS turn-on commutation. Its output port is connected directly to the utility AC power source grid. At the end, the prototype of the proposed HF-UPC is built and tested in experiment. Its power conversion conditioning and processing circuit with a high frequency flyback transformer link is verified and the output sinewave current is qualified in accordance with the power quality guidelines of the utility AC interactive power systems.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.594-600
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• 2017

HVDC transmission systems can be configured in many ways to take into account cost, flexibility and operational requirements. [1] For long-distance transmission, HVDC systems may be less expensive and suffer lower electrical losses. For underwater power cables, HVDC avoids the heavy currents required to charge and discharge the cable capacitance of each cycle. For shorter distances, the higher cost of DC conversion equipment compared to an AC system may still be warranted, due to other benefits of direct current links. HVDC allows power transmission between unsynchronized AC transmission systems. Since the power flow through an HVDC link can be controlled independently of the phase angle between the source and the load, it can stabilize a network against disturbances due to rapid changes in power. HVDC also allows the transfer of power between grid systems running at different frequencies, such as 50 Hz and 60 Hz. This improves the stability and economy of each grid, by allowing the exchange of power between incompatible networks. This paper proposed to establish Korean HVDC technology through a cooperative agreement between KEPCO and LSIS in 2010. During the first stage (2012), a design of the ${\pm}80kV$ 60MW HVDC bipole system was created by both KEPCO and LSIS. The HVDC system was constructed and an operation test was completed in December 2012. During the second stage, the pole#2 system was fully replaced with components that LSIS had recently developed. LSIS also successfully completed the operation test. (2014.3)

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.1166-1177
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• 2014

A new type of topology with medium-frequency-transformer (MFT) isolation for medium voltage wind power generation systems is proposed in this paper. This type of converter is a high density power conversion system, with high performance features suitable for next generation wind power systems in either on-shore or off-shore applications. The proposed topology employs single-phase cascaded multi-level AC-AC converters on the grid side and three phase matrix converters on the generator side, which are interfaced by medium frequency transformers. This avoids DC-Link electrolytic capacitors and/or resonant L-C components in the power flow path thereby improving the power density and system reliability. Several configurations are given to fit different applications. The modulation and control strategy has been detailed. As two important part of the whole system, a novel single phase AC-AC converter topology with its reliable six-step switching technique and a novel symmetrical 11-segment modulation strategy for two stage matrix converter (TSMC) is proposed at the special situation of medium frequency chopping. The validity of the proposed concept has been verified by simulation results and experiment waveforms from a scaled down laboratory prototype.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제67권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2018

New methodology for probabilistic reliability based grid expansion planning of HVDC in power system including Wind Turbine Generators(WTG) is developed in this paper. This problem is focused on scenario based optimal selection technique to decide best connection bus of new transmission lines of HVDC in view point of adequacy reliability in power system including WTG. This requires two kinds of modeling and simulation for reliability evaluation. One is how is reliability evaluation model and simulation of WTG. Another is to develop a failure model of HVDC. First, reliability evaluation of power system including WTG needs multi-state simulation methodology because of intermittent characteristics of wind speed and nonlinear generation curve of WTG. Reliability methodology of power system including WTG has already been developed with considering multi-state simulation over the years in the world. The multi-state model already developed by authors is used for WTG reliability simulation in this study. Second, the power system including HVDC includes AC/DC converter and DC/AC inverter substation. The substation is composed of a lot of thyristor devices, in which devices have possibility of failure occurrence in potential. Failure model of AC/DC converter and DC/AC inverter substation in order to simulate HVDC reliability is newly proposed in this paper. Furthermore, this problem should be formulated in hierarchical level II(HLII) reliability evaluation because of best bus choice problem for connecting new HVDC and transmission lines consideration. HLII reliability simulation technique is not simple but difficult and complex. CmRel program, which is adequacy reliability evaluation program developed by authors, is extended and developed for this study. Using proposed method, new HVDC connected bus point is able to be decided at best reliability level successfully. Methodology proposed in this paper is applied to small sized model power system.