• ALGAE
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2019

Chilean species of marine macroalgae with amphitropical distributions oftentimes result from introductions out of the Northern Hemisphere. This possibility was investigated using haplotype data in an amphitropical red macroalgae present in Chile, Callophyllis variegata. Published sequence records from Canada and the United States were supplemented with new collections from Chile (April 2014-November 2015). Specimens of C. variegata were amplified for the 5′ end of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI-5P) and the full length nuclear internal transcribed spacer region. Haplotype networks and biogeographic distributions were used to infer whether C. variegata was introduced between hemispheres, and several population parameters were estimated using IMa2 analyses. C. variegata displayed a natural amphitropical distribution, with an isolation time of approximately 938 ka between hemispheres. It is hypothesized that contemporary populations of C. variegata were established from a refugial population during the late Pleistocene, and may have crossed the tropics via rafting on buoyant species of kelp or along deep-water refugia coincident with global cooling, representing a rare case of a non-human mediated amphitropical distribution.

• 생태와환경
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.286-294
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• 2020

깔따구(Diptera: Chironomidae)는 저서성 대형무척추동물로 환경오염 및 수질 모니터링에 이용되는 중요한 지표생물이다. 본 연구에서는 인천 수돗물 정수장에서 발견된 깔따구류의 정밀한 종 동정을 위해 형태적 분류와 미토콘드리아 DNA에서 cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) 유전자의 염기서열을 이용하여 분석하였다. 정수장 6곳의 20개체는 안개무늬날개깔따구(Chironomus kiiensis) 12개체, 노랑털깔따구(Chironomus flaviplumus) 6개체, 등깔따구(Chironomus dorsalis) 1개체, 용산무늬깔따구(Polypedilum yongsanensis) 1개체 등 4종으로 확인되었다. 각 깔따구 종의 형태적 특징은 두부, 하순기절, 대악, 안테나, 발톱의 형태적 특징을 살펴보았다. NCBI Genbank에 등록된 깔따구 17종 21개체의 COI 염기서열을 바탕으로 본 연구에서 조사된 20개체의 계통진화적 분석한 결과 각 4종의 깔따구 COI 염기서열은 등록된 동인 종과 높은 상동성을 보이며 (99~100%) 같은 계통군(clade)으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 국내 깔따구의 종 동정을 위한 형태적- 유전적 정보를 통합적으로 제공함으로 담수생태계의 모니터링을 위한 주요한 정보로 활용될 것이다.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

A new dragonfly species, Nannophya koreana sp. nov., is described from Korea on the basis of morphology and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (COI) gene sequences. Nannophya materials from Korea and other areas in Southeast Asia were compared. The new species was previously recognized in Korea as the endangered pygmy dragonfly Nannophya pygmaea Rambur, 1842, which is widely distributed in insular and peninsular Southeast Asia. However, male adults of the Nannophya population in Korea could be distinguished from other N. pygmaea populations by the presence of a thick, incomplete black stripe on the lateral synthorax that terminated at half-length (vs. continuous to wing base), light orange (vs. red) anal appendages, and 4-5 (vs. 2-3) black teeth on the ventral superior appendages. In addition, the body length of N. koreana was generally larger (1.2-1.4 times) than that of N. pygmaea, regardless of life stage. COI gene sequences from the two groups exhibited substantial genetic differences (>12%), thereby sufficiently substantiating their differentiation. The taxonomic status, distribution, and habitat of the new species are discussed.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.7.1-7.7
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• 2024

Background: Infections of cats with Echinococcus granulosus is uncommon because the cat is not part of the parasite life cycle that a carnivorous and another herbivore represent. Nevertheless, it occurs incidentally when eating food or drinking water contaminated with the worm's larva, especially with the presence of the definitive host (dogs), in this case, the infections are concentrated in stray or outside cats. For this reason, this study examined the possibility of cat infection with E. granulosus and diagnosed the common genotype of this infection. Objective: This study examined the possibility of cat infection with E. granulosus and diagnosed the common genotype of this infection. Methods: Four of the 37 cats that had died in different accidents developed cystic echinococcosis (CE). The cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COX1) gene was initially amplified and sequenced to determine if these cysts belonged to E. granulosus, in beginning. The DNA fragments resulting from sequencing were then compared and aligned with other sequences using the Gene Bank database. Finally, a phylogenetic tree was drawn according to the sequence data obtained from cox1 genes sequencing, and the MEGA 7.0 phylogenetic analysis program was utilized. Results: Four different sequences were deposited in the Gen Bank with accession numbers (ON795961 to ON795964), all of which belong to the G1 genotype. Approximately 84% and 100% of these sequences aligned with G1 (AB622277.1) and G1 (MG722980.1), respectively. Conclusions: G1 is the dominant genotype that causes cat infections, even though the cat's EC infection was incidental.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.574-580
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 민어과 수산물의 표준시료 DNA 염기서열을 분석한 후 DNA barcode 염기서열을 확정하고 검증한 후 시중 유통 중인 민어과 수산가공식품의 위변조 현황을 조사하였다. 표준시료의 미토콘드리아 cytochrome c oxidase subunit I유전자를 증폭한 후 증폭된 PCR 산물의 염기서열을 분석하였다. 분석결과 종 판별에 특이적인 655 bp를 선정하여 DNA barcode 염기서열로 하였다. DNA barcode information과 primer set을 이용한 진위판별 정확성을 확인한 결과 PCR 증폭은 모두 확인되었다. NCBI에 등록된 각각 어류의 유전자 염기서열과 비교하였을 때 참조기 100%, 부세 100%, 보구치 100%, 민어 100%의 상동성을 나타내어 실험에 사용된 DNA barcode information과 primer set의 정확성을 확인하였다. DNA barcode 시험법을 이용해 시중 유통되는 민어과 수산가공품 32건에 대해 조사한 결과 위변조 사례는 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 식품공전에 등재된 보구치 대신 백조기라는 일반명이 사용되고 있어 소비자에게 혼란을 야기하고 있었다. 따라서 수산가공품 원재료 표시에 일반명과 더불어 표준명 또는 학명을 표시하여야 할 것으로 판단되었다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.752-761
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• 2023

Genetic diversity serves as the basis for selecting and genetically enhancing any culturable species in aquaculture. Here, two different strains of wild (River Ravi and River Kabul) and six captive-bred strains of Labeo rohita from various provinces were se- lected, and genetic diversity among them was evaluated using three different microsatellite markers, i.e., Lr-28, Lr-29, and Lr-37, and one mitochondrial CO1 (Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1) gene. Different strains of L. rohita were collected, and part of their caudal fin was cut and preserved in ethanol for DNA extraction and determination of genetic diversity among them. Results in- dicated that selected markers were polymorphic with polymorphic information content (PIC) content values above 0.5 with the highest in Lr-28 followed by Lr-29 and then Lr-37. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) of all strains was higher (Avg: 0.731) but less than the expected heterozygosity (He). Moreover, TMs and WRs showed the highest He, while TKs showed the lowest, He. Over- all, inbreeding coefficient (FIS) values observed for all strains with selected markers were positive. The DNA barcoding with the CO1 gene revealed genetic variation among various strains, as demonstrated by the clades in the phylogenetic tree separating the strains into two distinct clusters that then divided into sub-clusters. In conclusion, TMs showed the highest heterozygosity as compared to other strains. Overall results provide the baseline data for the initiation of the genetic improvement program.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.33-36
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• 2019

The marine interstitial annelid Pharyngocirrus uchidai(Sasaki, 1981) has been only known from Japan. In this study, we report the occurrence of P. uchidai for the first time in four localities along the eastern coast of Korea: Bukmyeon, Gamchu, Gase, and Oeongchi. Species identification was confirmed by comparison of DNA barcoding sequences with morphological examination from the type locality, Oshoro, Japan. We generated a total of 25 sequences of a partial segment (580 bp) of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI), representing five specimens from each locality. Maximum intra-specific variation was 1.2% in terms of Kimura two-parameter (K2P) distance, observed between two individuals each from Gamchu (i.e., between two specimens from the single locality), Gamchu and Oeongchi, Gamchu and Oshoro, and Oeongchi and Oshoro. On the other hand, an identical haplotype was found in all the five localities, substantiating our species identification for the Korean populations. Inter-specific K2P distance between P. uchidai and an unidentified Saccocirrus sp. from Canada (based on public database entries) was 22.4-23.4%.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.86.1-86.8
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• 2020

Background: Dicyemids are parasites found in the renal sac of cephalopods. The first species of dicyemid was found from kidneys of the Korean common octopus Callistoctopus minor. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the dicyemid and investigate the effect on renal sac of host. Methods: In this study, we compared the morphological characteristics of isolate to dicyemids (Dicyema sphyrocephalum, Dicyema clavatum, and Dicyema dolichocephalum) reported from C. minor in Japan. We compared the 18S ribosomal RNA (rDNA) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences of isolate to the sequences of D. shyrocephalum and D. clavatum. The infected octopuses renal tissues were histologically compared with the tissues of uninfected individuals. Results: The morphological characteristic of this isolated species corresponds to D. sphyrocephalum. The sequences similarities of 18S rDNA and COI gene of isolate are 99.7% and 98.1% with D. sphyrocephalum. We observed morphological changes in the epithelia folds of kidney at the dicyemids attached areas. Conclusions: The present study identified the isolate as D. sphyrocephalum and this is the first report of dicyemid species from Republic of Korea. Further studies on the effects of dicyemids on growth and health status of cephalopods will be needed.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.523-530
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• 2014

2011년 6월 28일에 파주시 조리읍 장곡리 인근 도로에서 두부쪽이 손상되고, 해당연도에 태어난 맹금류 어린새를 발견하였고, 이를 DNA 바코드 기법으로 동정하였다. Mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) cytochrome c oxidase I(COI) 유전자의 695bp 절편을 중합효소연쇄반응(polymerase chain reaction, PCR)으로 증폭하고 염기서열을 결정하였다. 결정된 염기서열을 BOLD systems과 NCBI의 BLAST에서 유사도 분석을 수행한 결과 총 5개체의 왕새매가 검색되었고, 염기서열의 동일성은 100%로 조사되었다. 또한, DNA 분자성판별 결과는 해당 개체가 암컷임을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 경기도 파주에서 1968년 이후 43년만에 왕새매의 번식이 확인된 중요한 정보로, 향후 광역야생동물구조센터는 야생동물의 사체 수거 시 인근 기탁등록보존기관과 연계하여 DNA시료를 확보하고 보다 정확한 종동정과 성판별 정보를 기록하는 등의 체계적인 관리시스템이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 또한 이렇게 확보한 왕새매의 DNA 시료와 DNA 바코드 COI 유전자 서열은 유사종 연구의 참조표본(reference standard)로 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.240-246
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• 2021

깔따구(Diptera: Chironomidae)는 저서성 대형무척추동물로 환경 및 수질 변화에 민감한 영향을 받는 중요한 환경지표생물이다. 이러한 깔따구 유충이 정수장에서 본 연구에서는 제주 정수처리장에서 발견된 깔따구 유충의 종을 분류하기 위해 형태 사진 및 COI (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) Primer로 증폭시킨 DNA의 염기서열을 계통수 분석을 통해 분석을 실시하였다. 정수장 내 수도꼭지와 소화관 등에서 채집된 17개체는 둥근깃깔따구(O. tamarutilus) 14개체, 타마긴털깔따구(P. tammaater) 3개체 총 2종으로 확인되었다. 각 깔따구 종의 형태적 특징은 두부, 하순기절, 대악, 안테나, 발톱의 형태적 특징의 분류기로 종 동정하였다. NCBI Genbank에 등록된 깔따구 19종 COI 염기서열을 기반으로 본 연구에서 조사된 17개체의 계통진화적 분석 결과 채집된 깔따구 COI 염기서열이 둥근깃깔따구(O. tamarutilus)와 타마긴털깔따구(P. tammaater) 2종으로 각각 계통군(clade)를 이루는 것이 확인되었다. 이러한 결과는 정수장 환경별 발견되는 깔따구 유충의 다양성의 확인과 형태적-유전적 종 동정 분류정보를 바탕으로 수환경 관리 및 평가를 위한 기반 정보로 활용될 것이다.