• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.168-172
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• 2006

Curcuma longa L. of Zingiberaceae family, has been reported to have radical scavenging activity and antiinflammatory effect. On these facts, biological activity and whitening effect were examined to evaluate a bioactivity of the extracts of Curcumma longa L. by extraction conditions as a possible pharmaceutical material. When compared extraction methods, supercritical extraction was the best showing various biological activities and whitening effect. The highest electron donating ability $(89%\;at\;1,000{\mu}g/ml)$ were detected and SOD-like activity was inhibited up to $95%\;at\;500{\mu}g/ml$ in supercritical extraction. To evaluate the whitening effect, tyrosinase inhibitory activity was conducted 89% of tyrosinase inhibitory effect examined at $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$. From these results, we suggest that the supercritical extracts from Curcuma longa L. is useful for cosmetic ingredients.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.1132-1136
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• 2014

A yellow-colored pigment is found in turmeric, or Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae), a perennial herb distributed mainly throughout tropical and subtropical regions. C. longa has potent antiviral, antimutagenic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. However, pharmacological mechanisms of ethanol extract derived from C. longa remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential acute toxicity of C. longa (Curcuma longa L.) extract in BALB/c mice administered a single oral dose of 0, 20, 200, and 2,000 mg/kg by gavage. After the administration of the agent, signs of toxicity were observed every hour for the first 6 hr and every day for 14 days. No mortality, abnormal clinical signs, or pathological changes were observed compared to a control group, and there were no differences in the body weights of the control and treatment groups. Biological serum activities were not significantly changed in the treatment group compared to the control group. These results indicate that a single oral administration of C. longa extract does not exert any toxic effects at a dose of 2,000 mg/kg body weight and that the $LD_{50}$ of C. longa extract is greater than 2,000 mg/kg body weight. Accordingly, C. longa appears to have potential in various functional agents or foods, without toxicity.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.622-632
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• 2018

The aim of the present study was to evaluate of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) on the physiological activities and oxidation inhibitory action. The effects of various solvents (distilled water DW, 70% ethanol and n-butanol) on the total phenolics content (TPC) of turmeric and their corresponding biological activity were studied. Bioactive compound of total saponin $7.506{\pm}0.349mg\;SE/g$ dry weight. Turmeric extracts yield were DW (17.11%), 70% ethanol (15.26%) and n-butanol (4.12%), respectively. Oxidation inhibitory action of the samples exhibited a dose-dependent increase. However, in the current study, none of the samples evaluated showed activity as strong as the BHA, ascorbic acid and EDTA. Results showed that extraction solvent had significant effects on TPC and oxidation inhibitory action (DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, reducing power and ferric reducing antioxidant power) of n-butanol. Turmeric exhibited the antioxidant properties, which suggests that the plant material could be used for further studies as a potential source for bioactive and natural antioxidant.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.95-105
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• 2013

Objectives : The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Curcuma longa $L_{INNE}$ pharmacopuncture at $ST_{36}$ on Complete Freund's Adjuvant(CFA)-induced arthritis in rats. Materials and methods : Arthritis was induced by injecting CFA subcutaneously into the left knee joint and paw, and Curcuma longa $L_{INNE}$ pharmacopuncture(CLL-A. $0.0343{\mu}g/kg$; CLL-B. $0.171{\mu}g/kg$; CLL-C. $0.343{\mu}g/kg$) was injected at $ST_{36}$ each other day for 5 times beginning on day 10 after the CFA injection. Paw edema, withdrawal response, hematological, serological and histological observation were assessed. Results : In paw edema volume all 3 groups(CLL-A, CLL-B, CLL-C) showed significant decrease compared to the CFA control group. In withdrawal response to reaction time and withdrawal response to force all 3 groups(CLL-A, CLL-B, CLL-C) showed significant increase compared to the CFA control group. In serum AST, group CLL-C showed significant decrease compared to the CFA control group. In histological observations, in all 3 groups, more normal chondrocytes were observed compared to the CFA control group and safranin O stain showed high positive reaction in the cartilage tissue close to the bone tissue. Conclusions : The results suggest that Curcuma longa $L_{INNE}$ Pharmacopuncture at $ST_{36}$ has a suppressing inflammation effect on Freund's adjuvant arthritis in rats.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

In this study, the effect of Curcuma longa L. on obesity and insulin resistance was investigated in animals fed a moderate high fat diet. The animals used in this study were normal weight Spargue-Dawley (SD) rats and type 2 diabetic obese db/db mice. Accumulation of abdominal adipose tissue and weight gain were inhibited in the animals fed the C. longa extract. C. longa decreased fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in the SD rats, and effectively decreased blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c in db/db mice. C. longa decreased serum free fatty acid (FFA) level in the SD rats. FFA in db/db mice fed C. longa tended to decrease. C. longa significantly decreased serum triglyceride level. Our results collectively represent that C. longa prevented fat accumulation and insulin resistance in both normal weight SD rats and type 2 diabetic obese db/db mice fed a moderate high fat diet.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.207-212
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• 2007

The antimicrobial activity of Curcuma aromatica Salab. was investigated. The Curcuma aromatica Salab. extract showed antimicrobial activity against six pathogens tested. These were Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115, Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 21541,Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29273, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 21541, vibrio parahaemolyticus ATCC 17802, and Aeromonas hydrophila KCTC 2358. Antimicrobial activity was alsonoted when the extract was tested against four isolates of Bacillus sp. purified from spoiled tofu. The growth of various pathogens was significantly inhibited (100 10,000-fold) upon growth in tryptic soy broth containing 0.05 0.2%(w/v) Curcuma aromatica Salab. extract(CE), after incubation for 12hr at $37^{\circ}C$. The growth of the four Bacillus isolates was also significantly inhibited in nutrient broth containing 0.05 0.2% CE after incubation for 24hr at $37^{\circ}C$. Although the antimicrobial activity of CE was decreased by heat treatment at temperatures above $80^{\circ}C$, the activity remained relatively high after heat treatment at $121^{\circ}C$ for 15min. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of CE were 0.1 0.3%(v/v culture) for the six pathogens, and 0.2 0.25% for the Bacillus isolates, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.600-608
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• 2019

The aim was to determine the physiological activity and antioxidant activity by lipid peroxidation inhibitory action of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Bioactive compound of total carotenoid $1.581{\pm}0.005mg$ ${\beta}$-carotene equivalents (BCE)/g dry weight. Total phenol content was the highest in the ethyl acetate (EA) extract, followed by chloroform:methanol (CM, 2:1, v/v) and 70% methanol extracts. Antioxidant effects (nitrogen oxide radical scavenging activity, nitrite scavenging activity, ${\beta}$-carotene bleaching assay, and lipid peroxidation inhibition action) of 70% methanol, CM, and EA extract of turmeric. Turmeric extracts yield were 70% methanol 16.54%, CM 5.64%, and EA 4.14%, respectively. Antioxidant activity of the samples exhibited a dose-dependent increase. However, in the current study, none of the samples evaluated showed activity as strong as the BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole) and trolox. Further, nitrite scavenging activity was the highest for the EA extract. As a result of this experiment, indicating their commercial value and potential applications in food and nutraceuticals.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.421-428
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• 2019

This paper describes a methode to extract yellow pigment from curcuma and turmeric containing natural color curcumin whose target color indexes of L, a, and b were 87.0 7.43, and 88.2, respectively. The pH range and extraction temperature used for the reaction surface analysis method were from pH 3 to pH 7 and between 40 and $70^{\circ}C$, respectively for both natural products. A central synthesis planning model combined with the method was used to obtain optimal extraction conditions to produce the color close to target. Results and regression equations show that the color space and difference of curcuma and turmeric have the greatest influence on the value. In the case of curcuma, the optimum conditions to satisfy all of the response theoretical values of color coordinates of L (74.67), a (5.69), and b (70.08) were at the pH and temperature of 3.43 and $54.8^{\circ}C$, respectively. The experimentally obtained L, a, and b, values under optimal conditions were 72.92, 5.32, and 72.17, respectively. For the case of turmeric, theoretical numerical color coordinates of L, a, and b, under the pH of 5.22 and temperature of $50.4^{\circ}C$ were 82.02, 7.43, and 72.86 respectively. Whereas, the experiment results were L (81.85), a (5.39), and b (71.58). Both cases showed an error range within 1%. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a low error rate when applying the central synthesis planning model to the reaction surface analysis method as an optimization process of the dye extraction of natural raw materials.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.57 no.10
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• pp.560-568
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• 2019

Purpose: This study evaluated the antibacterial effects of curcuma, ginger, and finger root extracts in water-soluble powder on planktonic Streptococcus mutans(S.mutans), which is known to cause dental caries, in order to confirm whether these extracts could perform as photosensitizers for the effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Methods: This study used the strain of streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 distributed by the Korean Collection for Type Cultures of the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology. Commercial edible curcuma, ginger and finger root were used as the natural extracts for the use of photosensitizer. To extract organic solvent, 3 g of each powder was mixed in $30m{\ell}$ of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, VWR, Germany) before extraction. $1.8m{\ell}$ of the photosensitizer solution, manufactured in the concentrations of 5, 0.5, and $0.05mg/m{\ell}$, was mixed with $0.2m{\ell}$ of the S. mutans culture medium that had been cultured for 2 days. To induce the photodynamic reaction, Qraycam (AIOBIO, Seoul, Korea) equipped with 405 nm LED was used to expose light for 5 minutes to irradiate 59 nW energy for 300 seconds. Results: Compared with the case with no light, a higher photodynamic therapeutic effect was confirmed with $0.05mg/m{\ell}$ curcuma powder extract, the concentration of $0.5mg/m{\ell}$ and LED light of 405 nm wavelength (p=0.000, p=0.003). $0.05mg/m{\ell}$ of curcuma powder extract and the concentration of $0.5mg/m{\ell}$ showed 100% antibacterial effect when exposed to light, whereas the concentration of $5mg/m{\ell}$ showed 11.95% antibacterial effect. When exposed to light, $0.05mg/m{\ell}$ of ginger powder extract showed an antibacterial effect which didn't statistically decrease. The concentrations of $0.5mg/m{\ell}$ and $5mg/m{\ell}$ did not show any antibacterial effects. As a result of examining any photodynamic therapeutic effects of finger root powder extract on S. mutans, no statistically significant effect was found. Conclusion: The curcuma powder extract is expected to perform as a photosensitizer. Even though belonging to the same ginger family, ginger powder and finger root powder seem difficult to perform as photosensitizer.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.47-58
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• 2019

This study aimed to investigate the improvement effect of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) on the lipid component, protein and electrolyte concentration in dyslipidemic rats. Sprague-Dawley rats (24 male) were divided into four groups, namely the ND (normal-nondyslipidemic diet), NT (normal-nondyslipidemic diet+5% turmeric), DD (control-dyslipidemic diet), and DT groups (dyslipidemic diet+5% turmeric). Rats were sacrificed at the end of 5 weeks after experiment diet. In this study, turmeric diet (NT, DT) groups in lipid composition as evidenced from the significantly reduction of serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol), atherosclerotic index (AI), cardiac risk factor (CRF), triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL), free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, blood glucose and non esterified fatty acid (NEFA), and elevation of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) (p<0.05). The serum globulin concentration was significantly decreased (p<0.05), and the albumin concentrations were increased in turmeric diet than dyslipidemic rats. Concentrations of sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) in sera were lower in the DT group than DD group. Concentrations of total calcium (T-Ca), phosphorus (Pi) and potassium (K) in sera were higher in the ND, NT and DT groups than DD group. Therefore, it was concluded that the 5% turmeric diet used in the condition of this study had a beneficial effect on dyslipidemia.