• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.61-66
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• 2020

Nickel is a nutritionally essential trace element that plays an important role in the immune system of several animal species. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of nickel chloride on chemotactic activity of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and whether this effect is associated with interleukin (IL)-8 and a nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)-dependent pathway. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and PMNs were isolated by Percoll solution (Specific gravity; 1.080) and 1.5% dextran treatment, respectively. A modified Boyden chamber assay was used to measure the chemotactic activity of PMNs. The level of IL-8 in culture supernatant from PBMCs was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Both of PBMCs and PMNs exhibited a low viability when cultured with concentration of greater than 1,000 μM of nickel chloride for 24 h. Thus, nickel chloride was used at concentration of 500 μM, which preserved cell viability. Treatment with nickel did not directly affect the chemotactic activity of PMNs. However, the chemotactic activity of PMNs was remarkably increased by culture supernatant from PBMCs treated with nickel chloride (500 μM) for 24 h. Recombinant porcine IL-8 polyclonal antibody (pAb) neutralized the enhancing effect on the chemotactic activity of PMNs by culture supernatant from PBMCs treated with nickel and this culture supernatant had higher IL-8 levels than the culture supernatant from untreated PBMCs. In addition, n-tosyll-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone (TPCK), a NF-κB inhibitor, antagonized the enhancing effect on the chemotactic activity of PMNs by the culture supernatant from PBMCs treated with nickel. These results suggested that nickel stimulates porcine PBMCs to produce IL-8, which increases the chemotaxis of PMNs via NF-κB-dependent pathway.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.44-55
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• 2020

The degree of mutual understanding between nursing students and instructors regarding simulation-based education remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify the subjectivity of nursing students and instructors about simulation-based learning, and was intended to expand the mutual understand by employing the co-orientation model. Q-methodology was used to identify the perspectives of 46 nursing students and 38 instructors. Perception types found among students in relation to simulation-based learning were developmental training seekers, instructor-dependent seekers, and learning achievement seekers. The instructors estimated the student perception types as passive and dependent, positive commitment, demanding role as facilitators, and psychological burden. Perception types found among instructors included nursing capacity enhancement seekers, self-reflection seekers, and reality seekers. The students classified the instructors' perception types as nursing competency seekers, learning reinforcement seekers, and debriefing-oriented seekers. As a result of the analysis of these relations in the co-orientation model, instructors identified psychological burden and passive and dependent cognitive frameworks among students; however, these were not reported in the students' perspectives. Likewise, the reality seekers type found among the perception types of instructors was not identified by the students. These findings can help develop and implement simulation-based curricula aimed at maximizing the learning effect of nursing students.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.639-650
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether characteristics of the perceiver make differences in impressions of clothing types in the situation of first impression formation. Questionnaire was used as major method of gathering data. A poll of 650 men h women between the ages of 20∼39 living in Daegu was taken by the author for this study. Factor analysis, cluster analysis, frequency, ANOVA-test and t-test were implemented with the SPSS-package. The characteristics of clothing types used in our experiments include: sexy, masculine, feminine, dramatic, elegant-classic and casual. The results are as follows; 1 . Men favored sexy clothes more than women, whereas women tended to like masculine clothes more than men. 2. Positive, open-minded men were accepting of masculine, feminine, dramatic and elegant-classic clothes, but gave unfavorable responses toward casual clothes. In contrast, positive open-minded women continued to show unfavorable impressions of sexy clothes. Attitude towards clothing affected the outlook towards clothing by the perceiver 3. Clothing-dependent/vain men favored sexy, dramatic and elegant-classic clothes, while clothing-indifferent men tended toward casual clothes. Furthermore, clothing-dependent/vain women were interested in the feminine style, but women in general continued to show negative responses toward sexy and dramatic clothes.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.91-99
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• 2021

In Korea, some pharmaceutical companies and agricultural machine manufacturers associate the length of the credit period with the retailer's order size. This kind of commercial practice is based on the principle of economy of scale from the supplier's point of view and tends to make retailer's order size large enough to qualify a certain credit period break. Also, the credit period allowed by the supplier makes it possible to reduce the retail price expecting that the retailer can earn more profits by the stimulating the customer's demand. Since the retailer's order size is affected by the end customer's demand, it is reasonable to determine the retail price and the order size simultaneously. In this regard, this paper analyzes the retailer's problem who has to decide his sales price and order quantity from a supplier who offers different credit periods depending on his order size. And we show that the retailer's order size large enough to qualify a certain credit period break. Also, it is assumed that the end customer's demand rate is represented by a linear decreasing function of the retail price.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.89-94
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• 1993

Thc effect of light and phylohormonc on the belalaln synthesis was tested using the suspension culture of a rod(bclalaln produulng) cell line from Phytolacca esculenta V. Houtte. Betalain synthesis of rod-cell 1ine was strongly dependent on the irradiation of blue light, but induced by hormone, IAA and/or kinetin, in dark conditions. In a light condition, however, 2 mg/l of IAA increased the betalain content about 30% (per gram fresh weight), whereas more than 0.5mg/l of kinetin remarkably decreased. The hairy root derived from the same plant was also observed for the blue light-dependent pigmentation in the root-tips. When the hairy root grown in dark was transferred to the light condition, the accumulation of betalain was initiated after 12hours. Such pigmentation was completely inhabited by addition of a protein synthesis inhibitor.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.173-178
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• 1984

Callus culture of Phaseolus vulgaris L. was carried out to examine the ability to grow on cytokinin-free medium. Of the sixteen cultivars of P. vulgaris, eight were classified as completely cytokinin-autonomous phenotype and five were found to be cytokinin-dependent phenotype. Intermediate phenotype was shown in three cultivars. Using cv. Palgong and ca 21 as cytokinin-dependent genotypes, the genotype responses to the cytokinin requirements of callus tissue were studied in detail. The callus tissue of cv. Palgong and ca 21 were never habituated in cytokinin-free medium, regardless tissue origin and cytokinin concentration in previous passages. The result suggests that cytokinin dependency of callus tissue of P. vulgaris cv. Palgong and ca 21 may be due to inactivation of cytokinin biosynthetic pathway.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.103-110
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychosocial factors, such as self-esteem, stress coping, and social support, and motivation for change in alcohol dependent inpatients. This study included 179 inpatients in the 7clinics for alcoholic in Chonbuk. For the analysis of the study questions, this study utilized the structural equation modeling. The results show that self-esteem was related to motivation for change with mediating role of problem-focused stress coping strategy in alcohol dependent inpatients. The study also reveal that self-esteem and social support was directly associated with the motivation for change. Based on the findings, the importance of programs to promote self-esteem and the involvement of family and acquaintances in the treatment process has been suggested.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.153-157
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• 2012

Many studies have explored suppression of aflatoxin produced by Aspergillus Genus. On the other hand, this study examined the inhibitory effect of the culture broth extract (CE) of A. tamarii obtained from dead silkworm on nitric oxide (NO) production and its antioxidative activity. The culture broth was extracted with EtOAc, dried, and then used in this experiment. As a result, CE did not show cytotoxicity on RAW 264.7 cells at any concentration. Moreover, CE suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO production of RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The total phenol content according to the Folin-Dennis method, the antioxidative activity by DPPH, and the nitrate radical scavenging capacity of CE were increased in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, many of the phenolic compounds were considered to represent the antioxidative activity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.1422-1428
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• 2006

An ABC transporter apparatus of the Gram-negative bacterial type I secretion pathway can be used as a secretory protein expression system in Escherichia coli. Four types of coexpression systems for the Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase gene, tliA, and its cognate ABC transporter gene cluster, tliDEF, were constructed. When the relative expression levels were changed by adding different concentrations of IPTG, the secretion (16.9 U/ml of culture) of TliA in E. coli [pTliDEFA-223+pACYC184] was significantly higher than E. coli [pKK223-3+pTliDEFA-184] secreting the lowest level of TliA (5.2 U/ml of culture). Maximal accumulation of the lipase secreted occurred in the mid-exponential phase, implying that the efficient protein secretion via an ABC transporter was restricted only to actively growing cells. Finally, the secretion level of TliA in E. coli [pTliDEFA-223+pACYC184] was increased to 26.4 U/ml by inducing gene expression at the culture initiation time. These results indicate that a significant increase in the ABC transporter-dependent protein secretion can be achieved by simply controlling the relative expression levels between the ABC transporter and its passenger protein, even in the recombinant E. coli cells.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.111-131
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to categorize group of firms by using characteristics of technical innovation in telecommunication industry and to identify relationships between types of technical innovation and such contingency factors of technical innovation. The major findings of this study are summarized as follows; First, Type 1 Group (Innovative Industry Leading Group) tends to use innovative and market differentiation strategy and has more innovative C.E.O's management style and innovative culture. Second, Type 2 Group (Dependent Group on Market Change) tends to use market differentiation or cost leadership strategy and has a more conservative C.E.O's management style and non-innovative culture. Third, Type 3 Group (Small Technology Intensive Group) tends to use focused innovative strategy and has a more innovative C.E.O's management style and innovative culture. Fourth, Type 4 Group (Non-Innovative Group) tends to use focused cost leadership strategy and has a more conservative C.E.O's management style and non-innovative culture.