• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.97-106
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• 2014

The development of big data technology was to more accurately predict diversified contemporary society and to more efficiently operate it, and to enable impossible technique in the past. This technology can be utilized in various fields such as the social science, economics, politics, cultural sector, and science technology at the national level. It is a prerequisite to find valuable information by data mining techniques in order to analyze big data. Data mining techniques associated with big data involve text mining, opinion mining, cluster analysis, association rule mining, and so on. The most widely used data mining technique is to explore association rules. This technique has been used to find the relationship between each set of items based on the association thresholds such as support, confidence, lift, similarity measures, etc.This paper proposed cosine net confidence as association thresholds, and checked the conditions of interestingness measure proposed by Piatetsky-Shapiro, and examined various characteristics. The comparative studies with basic confidence and cosine similarity, and cosine net confidence were shown by numerical example. The results showed that cosine net confidence are better than basic confidence and cosine similarity because of the relevant direction.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.417-420
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• 2002

Recent works in the area of multimedia studies focus on a wide range of issues from the impact of multimedia on culture to its impact on economics and anything in between. The interconnectedness of the issues raised by this new practice is complicated by the fact that media are rapidly converging: in a very real way, multimedia is becoming a media prism that reflects the way in which media continually influence each other across disciplines and cultural borders. Thus, the impact of multimedia reflects a complicated crossroads where media, human experience, culture and technology converge. An effective design is generally based on shaping aesthetics for function and utility, with an emphasis on ease of use. However, in designing for cyberspace, it is possible to create narratives that challenge the interactor by encoding in the design an instructional aspect that teaches new approaches and forms. Such a design offers an equally aesthetic experience for the interactor as they explore the meaning of the work. This design approach has been used constructively in many applications. The crucial concern is to determine how little or how much information must be presented for the interactor to achieve a suitable level of cognition. This is always a balancing act: too much difficulty will result in interactor frustration and the abandonment of the activity and too little will result in boredom leading to the same negative result In addition, it can be anticipated that the interactor will bring her or his own level of experiential cognition and/or accretion, to the experience providing reflective cognition and/or restructure the learning curve. If the design of the application is outside their present experience, interactors will begin with established knowledge in order to explore the new work. Thus, it may be argued that the interactor explores, learns and cognates simultaneously based on primary experiential cognition. Learning is one of the most important keys to establishing a comfort level in a new media work. Once interactors have learned a new convention, they apply this cognitive knowledge to other new media experiences they may have. Pierre Levy would describe this process as a "new nomadism" that creates "an invisible space of understanding, knowledge, and intellectual power, within which new qualities of being and new ways of fashioning a society will flourish and mutate" (Levy xxv 1997). Thus, navigation itself of offers the interactors the opportunity to both apply and loam new cognitive skills. This suggests that new media narrative strategies are still in the process of developing unique conventions and, as a result, have not reached a level of coherent grammar. This paper intends to explore the cognitive aspects of new media design and in particular, will explore issues related to the design of new media interfaces. The paper will focus on the creation of narrative strategies that engage interactors through loaming curves thus enhancing interactivity.vity.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.55-78
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• 2011

The social impact of science and technology is increasing, the meaning of technology assessment is not small in modern society, Specially, the technology assesment(TA) has been institutionalized and performed by Korean administration and its official results has reflected directly in the S&T policy. Therefore, the technology assesment is a device that prepare the negative effects of S&T and the social controversy in advance. To select the target technology of technology assessment will be done carefully in various perspective and concerned with the characteristics of technology assessment emphasizing social assessment, the institutional system of selecting one technology in each year and the contents and methods of evaluation that are determined in accordance with technology characteristics. However, the method of selecting target technology in TA is mostly peformed by qualitative discussion and vote rather than by reflecting various opinion and understanding TA until now. In this paper, we developed the indicator has to be considered to select target technology for TA by using factor analysis. Developed indicator is consist of five factor, such as the need for social consensus and the size of social/cultural impact etc., and we weight each factor by using Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP). Futhermore, we show the example how to applicate directly these indicator and weights to select target technology and suggest institutional application in TA. Though using developed indicator in this paper, we expect to select appropriate technology for institutional TA and the application of TA results in society and public policy can be strengthened.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.154-171
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• 2006

By comparing to Chinese American banks, this research shows the uniqueness of Korean American banks. This article argues that instead of the cultural attributes and/or informal financial institutions, formal financial institutions, such as the ethnic banks studied here, are responsible for the business success of Asians abroad. However, ethnic banks have different development trajectories depending on their respective ethnic communities. Korean American banks are notably different from Chinese American banks in terms of growth, profitability, and banking strategies. Although both ethnic banks exercise relationship banking strategies in their loan portfolios, their deposit compositions are very different and cause significant differences in financial performance. The focus on business loans and high rates of non-interest deposits allow for higher growth rates in Korean American banks. Therefore, relationship banking does not adequately explain the differences of ethnic banks. This research attempts to understand the underlying factors in choosing banking strategies by mainly focusing on the unique examples found in Korean and Chinese immigrant societies. For Chinese Americans, the heterogeneity of their population composition and foreign influence dominate their bank structures. On the other hand, Korean American homogeneity and business orientation are distinctly different. The influence of Korean capital is not significant when compared to overseas Chinese capital.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.146-164
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to outline a research agenda for the evaluation of the sustainability of freshwater policies, especially as they relate to large cities in the Asia-Pacific region, and to co-work a comparative study on the cases of Seoul and Sydney on the basis of the research agenda. The overall long-tenn aim of the present research is to develop a framework for sustainable urban freshwater policy in the Asia-Pacific region. The nature of freshwater policies for a sample of 16 large cities in the Asia-Pacific region will be critically evaluated for 5 years in the future. For the purposes of this research agenda, four main types of urban water conflict have been evaluated - jurisdictional conflicts, conflicts related to accessibility, sectoral conflicts and environmental conflicts. Of course, in reality, aspects of these four types of conflict invariably overlap. In the case study, the environmental conflict over fresh water of Seoul can be seen as a jurisdictional, sectoral and accessibility-related conflict between the central government and Seoul local government which want to regulate the lan-use with the water conservation zone around the Paldang Dam located at a upstream of the Han River on the hand, and the Yangpyong local governmant and its population within the conservation zone which have struggled against such a regulation, on the other. In the case study on the Sydeny water crisis in 1998, the environmental conflict over fresh water of Sydney in Australia can be seen as a jurisdictional conflict between the State government and the Sydney local government and the corporatized Sydney Water which have been responsible to supply fresh water on the one hand, and the Sydney population who have been suffered from the contaminated water, on the other. Over the past ten years, both globally and in the Asia-Pacific region, including in S. Korea and Australia, the concept of sustainable development has taken on a growing role in the determination of environmental policy. The balance for sustainable policy would be between the requirement to augment water supply to cope with projected future demands and the need to improve efficiency of water use.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.119-129
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• 2012

Excavated textiles provide very important research data on the costume culture of the Joseon dynasty. In particular, dyed textiles are indispensable for textile conservation research and for restoration of remains as well as for general costume culture research. Unfortunately, a prolonged burial environment causes the colors to change and gradually fade after excavation. Therefore, it is very difficult to identify the original color. In this study, natural dyed samples of red, yellow, purple and blue were prepared and analyzed using HPLC-PDA. Dyes of colorants extracted from excavated textile remains were analyzed by HPLC. In addition, mordants were analyzed using (SEM-EDX) in order to estimate the original color. The 16~17th Century's three samples were analyzed, sample 1, and 2 from Eunjin Song's Song Mun-Chang excavated at the Songchon-dong in Daejeon, and sample 3 from Yeosan Song's Song, Hee-Jong excavated at the Mokdal-dong in Daejeon. From the HPLC results, alizarin, purpurin, and indigo were detected on sample 1, alizarin and purpurin on sample 2, ellagic acid and indigo on sample 3. Therefore they were dyed with madder and indigo (sample 1), madder (sample2), pomagranted and indigo (sample 3). Al mordant was identified on three samples.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.63-94
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• 2001

Based on the human capital theory, the wage differentials among laborers are generated from the discrepancy of human capital stock which depends on individual laborer's decision. Hence, the wage differentials among laborers or between male and female are not the results of discrimination, but the results of individual choice. But, if the individual choice for human capital stock would be affected by the male-female discrimination, the explanation for male-female wage differentials base on the human capital stock has a bias. Actually, women have experienced in the discrimination on labor market participation due to gravity, parturition, infant rearing. Also, it is a fact that women have been discriminated against men in labor market owing to social, traditional, and cultural discriminations. If woman or her parent will less invest on human capital than man owing to the existence of discrimination in labor market, the 'expected human capital stock' instead of human capital stock will explain male-female wage differentials better. Therefore, in this study, we set up three models; first model includes working hours, industry, occupation, etc which are in general used as explanatory variables for wage decision, second model includes the variables which reflect the traditional human capital stock together with the first model's explanatory variables, third model employes the 'expected human capital stock' instead of traditional human capital stock. From the empirical test, the estimates of discrimination in three models are .93, .60, and, .48 respectively. This result implies that the male-female wage differentials in Korea can be explained by the discrepancy of 'expected human capital stock'. Since the discrepancy in expected human capital stock depend on the disparity in life-cycle labor force participation, male-female wage differentials can largely be attributed to male-female disparity in expected lifetime labor force participation.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2012

In the Chosun period, the noble class usually buried the dead bodies in the lime-covered tomb. Recently their costumes are excavated while maintaining the shape. However, the textiles discovered from the inside have been degradated by a body and moisture. To conserve these textiles one of the most important thing is how to clean these textiles right after the excavation. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of wet cleaning to minimize the color change of textile remains. For this purpose, silk and cotton were dyed with natural dyes (7 red, 1 blue, 6 yellow, 4 green and 4 purple colors), then they were kept for 6 months with pork meat at $10^{\circ}C$, and were washed by four cleaning solutions (water, anionic surfactant (SDS), non-ionic surfactant (Triton X-100) and natural surfactant (saponin)) at $20^{\circ}C$ and $40^{\circ}C$. The color change was evaluated by color difference (${\Delta}E$) between non-treated and after washed samples. From the results, it was found that the color changes are significantly different depending on the washing temperature, textile material, the cleaning agents and the type of dyes.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.641-662
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• 2010

Through the comparative studies on Korean and Chinese ethnobanks in the U.S., this research finds the difference in the social capital between Korean and Chinese American economy and reinterprets the social capital in overseas Chinese. In many ethnic studies, the ethnobanks in the U.S. are thought as the main drive of the economic prosperity in the ethnic communities. For the success of these ethnobanks, the relationship banking of these ethnobanks are contrasted with the arms-length banking of the mainstream U.S. banks. However there are the differences both in performance and business strategies even among different ethnobanks. Contrary to the Korean ethnic banks having much portion of business loans, Chinese ethnic banks have stressed real-estate loans in their loan portfolio. This research regards the differences of business strategies and performance of these ethnobanks as the result of the different social, cultural contexts in each ethnic community. From these finings, we can improve the understanding of the concept of social capital in overseas Chinese economy.

• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.97-120
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• 2016

This study aims to identify how performing artists in Korea, who are the target beneficiaries of the Arts Council Korea's Performing Arts Fostering Program, Chang-jak-san-shil(CJSS), would perceive and assess the current state of CJSS and its effects. To do so, this paper has adopted a bottom-up approach as a theoretical lens for policy evaluative analysis. This research engages with qualitative research design by conducting a series of in-depth interviews and FGIs with 28 participants in total. The interview participants consist of CJSS grantees(n=21) and peer-review panels(n=7) based on the intension to enhance objectivity and reliability of the study. Results of the data analysis suggest that the grant program still carries pressing needs to achieve a success as follows: providing post-program support, enhancing transparency of the panel appointment process and the peer review process, reflecting different nature of each arts discipline, and having more open communications with arts professionals. Based on these findings, this paper will provide and discuss about policy implications which can contribute to the performing arts domain at large.