• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.213-219
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• 2013

This study focused on the promotion of the insecticidal activity of eco-friendly insecticidal materials against four major insect pest in the organic Chinese cabbage cultivation area. Among insecticidal materials mixture, BT+Matrine+Neem against leaf beetle larva, Phaedon brassicae, showed the highest 94.1% at 0.05% which is the lowest concentration of three treated concentrations. The insecticidal activity of Matrine, Neem, and BT alone (0.1%, w/v) or the mixtures (0.05%, w/v) against Cabbage worm larva, Artogeria rapae, was investigated by leaf disc spray method. The insecticidal efficacy of the mixtures of two or three eco-friendly materials was higher than the single treatment of each material with 94.3%, 100% and 100%. Control efficacy of 0.3% COY+0.05% (95.3%) against the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae was higher than that of 0.3% COY+0.05% Neem (90.2%) and lasted for more than 21 days after one time treatment. At 35 days after treatment, the effect of 0.05% BT+0.05% Matrine and 0.05% BT+0.05% Matrine+0.05% Neem treatments against diamondback moth showed very high insecticidal activity with more than 90% of control value. Therefore, BT, Neem, and Matrine where are properly treated could be effective eco-friendly materials for controlling major insect pests in an organic Chinese cabbage field.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.428-434
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• 2013

An isolate of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum CC110 was selected as an effective antagonist for biological control of cucumber downy mildew caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis. Temperature range for growth of CC110 isolate was $7.5{\sim}55.0^{\circ}C$, and its optimal temperature at $36.6^{\circ}C$. pH range for growth of CC110 isolate was 4.5~9.5, and its optimal pH at 7.0. In this study, the most effective sources of carbon and nitrogen for growth of CC110 isolate were fructose and yeast extract, respectively. The volatile of CC110 isolate was found to be effective to control downy mildew on cucumber showing no diseased area whereas that of control was 13.2% using the I plate bioassay. The culture broth and cells of isolate CC110 cultured in TSB media for 48 hours at $28^{\circ}C$ inhibited occurrence of cucumber downy mildew. The cells and culture broth were transformed into sporangia of P. cubensis by in observation under light microscope and scanning electron microscope.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.94-106
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• 2011

The muddy water occurrence possibility of reservoir were analyzed by considering GIS based soil erosion model, sediment delivery ratio and effective reservoir capacity. For the purpose, the weakness factors for the establishment of countermeasures of basin were analyzed by evaluating input factors of RUSLE model based on spatial data such as DEM, soil map, landcover map and so on. The potential of soil erosion was estimated considering highland upland. The sediment yields of Chungju-Dam and Soyanggang-Dam showed the highest result in sediment yield using sediment delivery ratio with considering basin area. The sediment concentration of Imha-Dam and Chungju-Dam showed the highest value as 0.791 $kg/m^3/yr$ and 0.526 $kg/m^3/yr$ respectively in sediment concentration with considering effective reservoir capacity. Especially, sediment yield of Imha-Dam was about 2.36 times lower than Soyanggang-Dam, but the sediment concentration was 1.90 times higher preferably, because the effective reservoir capacity of Imha-Dam was about 4.48 times lower. This study calculated sediment concentration using the 10 years mean rainfall event and could consider the aspects of soil, terrain, landcover, cultivation condition and effective reservoir capacity of each basin effectively through the results. Therefore, these quantitative sediment concentration data could be used to estimate the potential of high density turbid water for reservoir and applied with effective tools for the management of reservoir.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.24-32
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• 2014

Our study is purposed to understand effect on spatio-temporal variability of macroinvertebrate community 11 sampling times at 4 sites between two streams (Shinchon stream and Gongji stream in Chuncheun City) from May 2011 to October 2013. In this study, the possible physical factors on spatio-temporal variability of macroinvertebrate community were discussed. After stream improvement project, the effects of anthropogenic disturbance in study sites appeared as increased water temperature more than $30^{\circ}C$ and the difference of water temperature between Shinchon stream and Gongji stream was by maximum $9^{\circ}C$ on 2012. The monsoon rainfall decreased number of species, individuals and biodiversity index of macroinvertebrate community, particularly, in Shincheon stream compare to Gongji stream. Dominant species of macroinvertebrate taxa was caddisfly in Shincheon stream and Diptera in Gongji stream but on August 2013, it was dominated by Diptera, Chironomidae spp. in all study sites. The spatio-temporal variability of macroinvertebrate community in the streams may be useful as bio-indicator influencing anthropogenic factors such as soil erosion (landslide or cultivation) or monsoon rainfall.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.619-630
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• 2017

In recent years, not only the cultivation area of Jujube in Korea but also the number of pest species has increased. The farmers farming environmentally friendly are in great difficulty because there are no effective control devices. This study was conducted to investigate the control effect of the insect screen net on three pest species (Apolygus spinolae, Dasineura sp. and Carposina sasakii) in Jujube orchard when the pests were blocked by insect screen net. For the first and second surveys, the damage rates by A. spinolae were 9.06, 13.95% in 50 mesh, 4.75, 10.17% in 25 mesh, 5.68, 11.84% in 18mesh mesh of insect screen net and 21.6, 36.34% in untreated insect screen net, respectively. The damage rates by Dasineura sp. were 0.54, 0.13% in 50 mesh, 0.93, 2.84% in 25 mesh, 1.05, 13.45% in 18 mesh mesh of insect screen net and 11.1, 26.65% in untreated insect screen net. Carposina sasakii were completely blocked in all the treatments. Damages on Jujube were not observed by insect screen net. Therefore, insect screen net is effective on insect pest control for Jujube.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.535-546
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• 2017

The purpose of The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the relationships among achievement goal-orientation, sports confidence, and exercise commitment in university student-athletes. To fulfill this purpose, data were collected from 347 student-athletes enrolled in universities located in Seoul and the Gyeong-In area, and analysis thereof was carried out. Conclusion drawn from the performance of this study is as follows: First, university student-athletes' achievement goal-orientation has significant effects on their sports confidence. Second, university student-athletes' sports confidence has significant effects on their exercise commitment. Third, university student-athletes' achievement goal-orientation has significant effects on their exercise commitment. Fourth, sports confidence has indirect mediation effects on the relationship between achievement goal-orientation and exercise commitment in university student-athletes, and it was found that these factors had causal relationships. Therefore, the findings of this study show that university student-athletes' achievement goal-orientation plays an important role for their effective commitment to exercise, in the process of which sports confidence plays the role of a mediator, suggesting that psychological support as well as motor skill cultivation is necessary to enhance university student-athletes' performance.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.363-377
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• 2016

This study was investigated the pollutant load, contamination properties, pollution condition of the fine parts of tributary, the influence of Nakdong river watershed and etc. in the tributaries. The contaminated tributaries were that among the Kumho and Nam river or were too far from site of water quality monitoring stations, regularly. As a result, the water quality level was almost similar between Nam and Kumho River, except for certain parameter including TN(Total Nitrogen), Chl-a(Chlorophyll-a) and SS(Suspended Solid) in which Kumho river were 20~120%. The point discharge load(kg/day) and load density ($kg/day/km^2$) of tributaries were different the pollution level according to the flow-rate ($m^3/sec$) and stream influence area($km^2$), and the difference of these was observed highly at Nam river. Specific contamination investigation of tributaries in Nam and Kumho river watershed was conducted from two to nine points of the fine parts of tributaries depending on the confluence sites and shapes. This result observed high at the Dalseocheon and Uriyeongcheon, respectively. Beside, the pollutant load contribution rate of Nakdong watershed was high about 10% at the Dalseocheon and Uiryeongcheon. This was due to the differences of the environments about the industrial complex, metropolis residence property, agricultural cultivation, livestock pen and the downstream of non-point source.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.202-210
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• 2016

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to determine effects of ridging systems and plastic film mulch types on growth, yield, and profitability of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in spring cropping using paddy field and to suggest profitable ridging system and plastic mulch type.METHODS AND RESULTS: Two potato cultivars ('Goun', and 'Atlantic') were grown at paddy field located in Gangneung in spring. For treatments, ridging systems were one-row ridge (OR) and two-row ridge (TR). Mulch types were no-mulch (NM), black plastic film mulch (BPM), and transparent plastic film mulch (TPM). Emergence of sprout was affected by the mulch types and the fastest level was shown at TPM treatment. Accumulative soil temperature during sprouting was 16.2℃ higher at TR than at OR and also higher at TPM than at BPM or NM. Stem length was not affected by ridging systems or mulch types. Leaf area index (LAI) was influenced by mulch types, while not by ridging systems. The highest LAI was shown at TR with TPM and OR of BPM. There was no significant difference in specific gravity or dry matter rate by ridging systems and mulch types. Tuber yield was significantly influenced by ridging systems and mulch types. Mean tuber weight was heavier at OR treatment than at TR and also the heaviest at TPM among mulch types. The highest marketable yield was found at OR with BPM. Based on marketable tuber yield and market price, the highest income ratio in two cultivars was found at OR with BPM and it was 20~82% higher than the ratio at TR with TPM.CONCLUSION: In spring potato cropping using paddy field, OR with BPM is better for high yield and is more profitable for farmer's income than the conventional cultivation method, TR with TPM.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.158-162
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• 2006

Achyranthes bidentata was recorded to new medicinal crop in a revised 8th edition of the Korean pharmacopoeia. Therefore, A. bidentata began to use for same purpose with Achyranthes japonica which was cultivated since old times in Korea. This study was conducted to investigate the adaptability of A. bidentata in Korea. The germination rate and speed of A. bidentata seeds were higher than those of A. japonica in $15^{\circ}C\;and\;25^{\circ}C$. The growth of A. bidentata was greater than that of A. japonica until the 60 days after transplanting, but growth after that was the opposite. There were remarkable differences between two species in growth characteristics such as flowering date, leaf fall date, plant height, stem color and no. of branches. The flowering and leaf fall date of A. bidentata were earlier than A. japonica by July 7 and September 26. The plant height and number of branches of A.japonica were longer and more than A. bidentata, but the cluster length and no. of flowers per cluster of that were shorter and fewer than this. Number of supporting roots of A. bidentata and A. japonica was 10.7 and 14.6 per plant, respectively. The average yield was not different between two species. The yield of A. bidentata was 166 kg/l0 a in Suwon and 309 kg/10 a in Naju of Korea. The suitable cultivation region of A. bidentata was judged to southern area of Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.12
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• pp.2082-2087
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• 2013

The present study was performed to quantitatively analyze eleutherosides (B and E) and ${\beta}$-glucan in different plant parts of three cultivars (Chungnam, Gangwon, and Jeju) of Acanthopanax senticosus and Acanthopanax koreanum using HPLC and a commercial enzyme kit. Our results showed high linearity in the calibration curves as the coefficients of correlation ($R^2$) were 0.998 (eleutheroside B) and 0.999 (eleutheroside E), respectively. Eleutheroside B and E were found in stem extracts of A. koreanum cultivated in Jeju (1,122 ${\mu}g/g$, eleutheroside B) and A. senticosus cultivated in Chungnam (2,536 ${\mu}g/g$, eleutheroside E), respectively. However, eleutheroside B was not detected in any part of A. senticosus cultivated in Chungnam. For ${\beta}$-glucan contents, stems of A. senticosus and A. koreanum showed higher than other parts. Furthermore, the ${\beta}$-glucan content in stems of A. koreanum cultivated in Gangwon was significantly higher than in those of other cultivars. These results show that the contents of eleutheroside B, E, and ${\beta}$-glucan were higher in stem extracts of A. senticosus and A. koreanum than other parts. Moreover, our results suggest that the contents of eleutheroside B, E, and ${\beta}$-glucan in A. senticosus and A. koreanum are influenced by cultivation area and the selected part.