• 생약학회지
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• 제36권1호통권140호
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• pp.21-25
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• 2005

The Chinese crude drug, 'Man Sam(蔓蔘)', which is derived from the root of Codonopsis plants of the family Campanulaceae, has been used as a tonic. In China, the same crude drug derived from Codonopsis plants, called 'Dang Same(?蔘)', has been used as remedies for anorexia, fatigue, cough, etc. Although Codonopsis roots have been widely used for medicinal purposes in Korea, the botanical origin of the crude drug has never been studied pharmcognostically. To clarify the botanical origin of 'Man Sam', the root morphology and anatomy were examined for the Korean species of Codonopsis species, such as C. lanceolata (Sieb. et Zucc.) Trautv., C. pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. and C. ussuriensis (Rupr. et Maxim.) Hemsl. The study shows that 'Man Sam' is the root of Codonopsis pilosula.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.126-130
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• 2005

Ginseng saponins have been known as main active principles and are quantified as the index components of ginseng and its products for quality control. However ginseng saponins are easily hydrolyzed in acidic solutions of crude drug preparations. Due to the hydrolysis of saponins in acidic condition, it is generally difficult to determine ginseng saponins In crude drug preparations. Ginseng saponins, prosapogenins and sapogenins of crude drug extracts were quantified by HPLC. Ginseng saponins were quantified by HPLC on $Lichrosorb-NH_2$ column with acetonitrile/water/1-butanol(80:20:10, v/v). Ginseng $prosapogenin-Rg_2$ and $-Rg_2$ were extracted with ethyl acetate from $50\%$ acetic acid hydrolyzates of saponin fractions and quantified by HPLC on $Lichrosorb-NH_2$ column with acetonitrile/water(90:10, v/v). Ginseng sapogenins, panafadiol and panaxatriol, were extracted with diethyl ether from $7\%-sulfuric$ acid hydrolyzates of saponin fractions and quantified by HPLC on ${\mu}-Bondapak\;C_{18}$ column with acetonitrile/methano1/chloroform(83:10:7, v/v). These methods of analyses of sapogenins and prosapogenins were more useful for quality control than those of ginseng saponins in some of crude drug preparations.

• 생약학회지
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• 제36권2호통권141호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2005

This study is concerning to identify the hygienic problems occurring in processing, storage, and distribution of Rehmanniae radix crude, and to investigate the possibility of application of safe and hygienic ${\gamma}-irradiation$ techniques. The results are as follows. To compare the contents of catapol, index compound of Rehmanniae Radix crude, between before and after ${\gamma}-irradiated$,0,2.5,5,7.5,10,12.5,15,20, and 30 kGy of ${\gamma}-irradiation$ was applied to standard catapol and Rehmanniae radix crude. The contents of catapol in standard material and Rehmanniae radix crude were decreased with the increase of ${\gamma}-irradiation$ level. However, active components of Rehmanniae Radix crude were not changed with ${\gamma}-irradiation$. These results indicate that active components of Rehmanniae Radix crude were preserved after ${\gamma}-irradiation$ and those of Rehmanniae Radix crude did not showed significant change after irradiation of ${\gamma}-ray$ up to 20 kGy.

• 생약학회지
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• 제37권2호통권145호
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• pp.116-119
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• 2006

Geum Ryeo Hwan(錦儷丸) is Chinese patent medicine which has been used for women's diseases and climacteric syndrome in Korea. It consists of 12 kinds of powdered crude drugs. In powdered crude drugs, it is hard to identify each component by chemical analysis or morphological examination. However, the method of identification of powdered crude drugs has not been clearly established. Therefore, it is of interest to establish the microscopic method for identification of powdered crude drugs of Chinese patent medicines. The effectiveness of microscopic method is exemplified by the identification of tissue and contents of crude drugs by comparison with standard drugs. Moreover, this method has advantage as a microscale analysis, since it requires only a small amount of specimens. In this study, it is demonstrated that the microscopic method is very effective for the identification of 12 crude drug ingredients in Geum Ryeo Hwan.

• 생약학회지
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• 제36권3호통권142호
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• pp.205-208
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• 2005

Ah Myeong Dan (兒明丹) is Chinese patent medicine which is used for congenital fever and congenital boils in Korea. It consists of 11 kinds of powdered crude drugs. In powdered crude drugs, it is hard to identify each component by chemical analysis or morphological examination. However, the method of identification of powdered crude drugs has not been clearly established. Therefore, it is of interest to establish the microscopic method for identification of powdered crude drugs of Chinese patent medicines. The effectiveness of microscopic method is exemplified by the identification of tissue and contents of crude drugs by comparison with standard drugs. In this study, it is demonstrated that the microscopic method is very effective for the identification of 11 crude drug ingredients in Ah Myeong Dan.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.23-41
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• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this study was to lay the groundwork for understanding the details and scope of the legal definition of medicinal products, following the changes in the relevant laws and regulations. This will let readers properly understand the origins of the ongoing conflicts on herbal drugs and new drugs from natural products that are present in the medical field and the medical industry. Possible solutions are proposed in the end. Method : I analyzed the changes in definition of medicinal products since 1945 that have been used in relevant laws and regulations(i.e. Pharmaceutical Affairs Act) and drug approval process(i.e. New Drug Application and Investigational New Drug Application). Results : Legal definition of medicinal products has changed in accordance with the changes in the pharmaceutical industry, such as the establishment of dualistic medical and pharmaceutical System and the introduction of the substance patent. Due to those changes, boundaries of Western medicinal products and health food expanded, while those of herbal medicine products relatively downscaled. Conclusion : Legal definition of medicinal products-i.e. Herbal Drugs, Crude Drugs, and New Drugs from Natural Products-should be reestablished according to academic legitimacy and dualistic medical and pharmaceutical System.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.442-446
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• 1990

As a part of studies on the quality control of crude drug-drink preparations, ginger components were identified by TLC and 6-gingerol was determined quantitatively by HPLC. Ginger components were identified by TLC with benzene/acetone (4:1, v/v, on silica gel plate by spraying a vanillinsulfuric acid reagent. 5-Gingerol contents were determined at 280 nm by HPLC on Lichro CART RP-18 column with acetonitrile/wate(38:62, v/v). Its transfer rate in the 3 types of crude drug extract drinks was 65.4-85.1% compared to the content in the ginger extract.

• 생약학회지
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• 제38권2호통권149호
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• pp.113-116
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• 2007

This study was carried out to obtain the basic information that can be used to index arrowroots (Pueraria species) in fourteen regions of China and Korea. The puerarin content in various arrowroots produced in the different areas were quantitatively analysed by HPLC. The average of puerarin content of the 'Galgeun' (Pueraria lobata) was higher than that of the 'Bungalgeun'(Pueraria thomsonii) produced in China and Korea. As a result, the order of the puerarin content was 1) Korean puerariae radix (P. lobata, 0.609%), 2) Chinese puerariae radix (P. lobata, 0.546%), 3) Chinese puerariae radix (P. thomsonii, 0.066%). This result showed that the content of puerarin in the 'Galgeun'(P. lobata) are about 10 times higher than those of the 'Bungalgeun'(P. thomsonii).

• 생약학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.330-334
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• 2008

Shin Kwae Hwan(神快丸) is a Chinese patent medicine which has been used for polymyositis, trigeminal neuralgiaand ischiodynia in Korea. It consists of 15 kinds of powdered crude drugs. In powered crude drugs, it is hard to identify each component by chemical analysis or morphological examination. However, the method of identification of powdered crude drugs has not been clearly established. For the identification of individual crude drugs in such powdery mixtures, microscopic method may advantageously be used, as it requires only small amount of specimens. In this study, it is demonstrated that the microscopic method is very effective for the identification of 15 crude drug ingredients in Shin Kwae Hwan.

• 생약학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.196-199
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• 2006

'An Che Whan(安滯九)' is a Chinese patent medicine which has been used for gastric ulcer and digestive disorder in Korea. It consists of 15 kinds of powdered crude drugs. In powdered crude drugs, it is hard to identify each component by chemical analysis or morphological examination. However, the method of identification of powdered crude drugs has not been clearly established. For the identification of individual crude drugs in such powdery mixtures, a microscopic method may be used conveniently as it requires only a small amount of specimens. In this study, it is demonstrated that the microscopic method is very effective fer the identification of the 15 crude drug ingredients in An Che Whan.