• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.813-820
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• 2019

This study identified actual wearing and size dissatisfaction with jeans worn by upper grade elementary school girls. A survey was conducted on 147 10~12-year-old girls in order to collect basic data to design a slim fit jeans pattern for upper grade elementary school girls. The result of the study are as follows. Upper grade elementary school girls wore jeans at least once a week, 46.9% were 1~2 times, 31.3% were 3~4 times and 21.8% were more than 5 times per week. The size of the jeans they wear was often one size or two sizes larger than the actual height section. Upper grade elementary school girls preferred jeans that fit well and allow for a full range of motion; in addition, waist and hip measurements were important criteria when selecting size. The preferred length of jeans was those that go to the ankle along with slim-style jeans made of "cotton+spandex". In terms of dissatisfaction with jeans, upper grade elementary school girls showed discomfort when the lower back waistline slipped when sitting and when there was a tight crotch area. In addition, cases of exchange or return were found to be due to fit, including waist, hip or thigh measurements even when the area most repaired is was the pant length.ired is pant length, cases of exchange or return were found to be due to fit, including waist, hip, or thigh measurements.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2008

This study conducted a survey to compare the size of ready-made clothes for different body shapes and body sizes, and to discover the differences in satisfaction with the size of ready-made clothes. The subjects were women in their 208 and 308 from Busan and Gyeongnam. The women were classified into groups: normal weight, overweight, and obese, using the Body Mass Index (BMI). The comparison of the body size showed a significant difference among the shapes; the average BMI in overweight women was 24.2 while that of obese women was 27.6. For the clothing size for each body shape, obese women most often wore size 77 and size 88, regardless of the sizes of upper and lower garments. The size consistency of upper and lower garments was the lowest in obese women. However, in most of the shapes, women tended to choose larger-sizes for lower garments than for upper ones. The more obese the subject, the less inclined they were to wear garments for their real body size. Satisfaction with the clothing size was significantly different between body shapes; the more obese, the lower the level of satisfaction with the size. As well, satisfaction with the fit of clothing at certain parts was shown to be low especially in the bust measurement, shoulder width, upper garment length, crotch length, and thigh circumference. When surveyed about the use of alterations for different body shapes, the results were that over 65% of subjects did not alter upper garments regardless of their body shape. Comparatively, 68% or above of all body shapes did do alterations to lower garments for example, the length of pants or skirts.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.692-704
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• 2007

Recently, Basic patterns with excellent body fitness and automation availability are required to be developed in order to automate the patterns of women's clothes. In this study, this reference points, reference lines and segments were fixed onto 3D scan data for the lower body the women in their twenties, they were directly spread out to be 2D flat pattern to facilitate development into the design of slacks adhered closely to the human body such as special and highly-functional clothes, and then slacks 2D pattern was developed for the purpose of seeking scientific approach to the development into basic form slacks and 3d emotional pattern. For conversion of 3D pattern into 2D flat pattern, reference points and segments were created by using Rapid Form of 3D shape analysis software, and triangle mesh of the body surface of the created shape was developed with Auto CAD 2005. The correspondence between slacks and human body was examined by the fixation of major reference lines. Specially, the wearing characteristics of slacks were considered by the fixation of side lines in consideration of posture. As a result of using the way of development to constantly maintain the length while 3D triangle mesh is converted into 2D flat mesh, the shape was shown to be excellently reproduced, and the area of flat pattern was increased compared to the shape of parting plane. Also, the sunk-in curve like the brief line of front crotch length needed a cutting line when it was closely adhered, when mesh was overlapped, and the pattern area was smaller compared to the actual shape.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.553-562
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• 2010

This survey investigates the conditions of summer working uniforms for contracted foodservice workers. The data were obtained from 67 workers through in-depth interviews (July 2005~October 2005). The results of study are as follows: The working environment changed to menu and cooking method (air temperature $28\sim37^{\circ}C$, humidity 72~86 %RH, radiant temperature $27\sim37^{\circ}C$, air velocity 0.14~0.37m/sec). They answered that the working environment has high temperatures, humidity, excessive noise, and liability to slide. The typical accidents were burns, cuts, slide, and ligament injuries in the workplace. Work duties consisted of cooking, serving food, washing, and cleaning up leftover food. All the employees carried out multi tasks. The primary working postures and motions were standing, crouching, and lifting. The female workers usually wore underwear (panty and brassiere), upper and lower work wear, aprons, waterproof-aprons, cotton-gloves, rubber-gloves, socks, and rubber-boots. The satisfaction of the uniform was relatively low for trousers and waterproof-aprons. The answer about the fit was generally "comfortable." They answered "back," "chest," and "head" were wet with perspiration during work. The uncomfortable parts were the crotch and neck. Questions concerning their satisfaction with the material of uniforms indicated a high rate of dissatisfaction, particularly for ventilation and absorbency. In case of the colors of the working uniform, workers preferred white color for the upper part, and black color for the lower part.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.94-110
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• 2016

A necessity for infants, diapers are not only used over long durations, but are also in direct contact to the infants' skin, making the choice of diaper to be of utmost importance. Current interest in cloth diapers is rapidly increasing because of issues concerning the baby's health, green environment, and economy. However, previous researches on cloth diapers are limited to simply investigating the form and material of commercial cloth diapers. There are few in-depth researches for the optimal cloth diaper development. This is therefore a fundamental research for the development of optimized cloth diapers, and analyzes the difference in absorption depending on the placement of seam line (liner, darts, and I pattern), the locations of liquid spraying (1 cm and 8 cm ahead of the center), and the amount of liquid capacity (10 and 20 ml). Currently, the development of diaper patterns considers the crotch shape of the infants and the skin length deformation. As a result, in the case of the I-pattern, the horizontal seam line prevents water from spreading to the front and back, thus reducing the absorbed area. This result was more clearly visible when water was sprayed at the center. The effect of the seam line became more obvious when there was more water (20 ml); also, when water was sprayed at the center, more leakage was observed. Using the results of this research, implementation of horizontal seam is expected to prevent the upward spread of urine.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.911-917
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate muscle activity of the lower limbs when walking in jeans in order to obtain basic information for development of new jeans patterns with excellent movement adaptability. Using three types of jeans (basic, medium, and slim) with different ease on hip, knee circumference, and crotch length, and two different types of shoes, Electromyogram (EMG) of the lower limbs muscle was measured for four healthy subjects walking on treadmills and stairs. EMG of vastus lateralis, semitendinous, tibialis anterior and medial head of gastrocnemius muscles was measured. The muscle activity was assessed in RMS (Root Mean Square) value of the EMG. On the treadmill in sneakers, only the vastus lateralis muscle showed a significant difference in RMS value depending on patterns. Basic and medium jeans allowed higher muscle activity than trunks of slim jeans did. On the treadmill in high heels and slim jeans, the RMS values of all muscles were significantly smaller than in basic jeans, whereas no significant differences were shown while in trunks or medium jeans. On the stairs either in sneakers or in high heels, no significant differences were shown between all muscle activities for all types of jeans. On the treadmill, greater fatigue was induced in all muscles from walking in high heels than in sneakers for all jeans patterns. When walking on the stairs wearing either type of shoes, however, the effect of jeans pattern on muscle activities was different from muscle to muscle.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2010

본 논문은 물리적 제약이 없는 자연스러운 인터페이스에서 획득한 장문영상을 효과적으로 인식하는 방법을 제안한다. 손의 위치 이동이나 회전으로 인하여 손바닥 영상에서 관심영역의 위치나 방향이 다양하게 나타나므로, 장문인식을 위해서는 안정적인 관심영역 추출이 필요하다. 본 논문은 검지와 중지, 소지와 약지 사이의 손 가랑이 구간의 중심점을 기준으로 관심영역을 추출하는 방법을 제시하고, 국부 이진패턴 히스토그램을 이용한 장문인식 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법의 성능을 측정하기 위하여 100인으로부터 획득한 총 1,597개의 장문영상을 대상으로 실험을 수행하였다. 실험 결과 ROI 추출 성공률이 99.5%였고, 장문인식 성능을 보여주는 동일오류율과 결정계수 d'를 측정한 결과 각각 0.136, 3.539를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 제안된 방법이 손의 위치나 회전 변형에 강인함을 나타낸다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the pants pattern of the lower body of 70-85 aged women. I tried to present excellent pants pattern that is convenient and suitable for the activities of elderly women. Through this, I tried to provide basic data necessary for making elderly women 's pants. As a result of evaluating the appearance of the pants pattern according to the body type, the fit of the type 2 was evaluated as the highest in the item except the position of the front waist line. For the objective evaluation of the 3D simulation, the air gap of the pants by the body part analysis showed that there was not much difference in the air gap around the waist circumference, hip circumference, thigh circumference, and knee circumference by applying the same drawing method and body size. However, in type 2, the air gap of thigh and knee circumference parts was larger than that of type 1 and type 3. Because type 2's legs were thin but it used same size of hemline. It was thought that it is necessary to adjust the space of front and back crotch length to 1 inch (2.54 cm) instead of 1.9 cm (3/4 inch) so that the waistline position of all three types can be set up a little to cover the abdomen. This study was conducted to investigate changes in body shape of elderly women and to develop appropriate pants patterns.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.75-87
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• 2012

This study aims at measuring and comparing the joint range of motion(ROM) of the elderly, quantitatively understanding the joint ROM and duration for their dressing and undressing of pants with 3D motion analysis equipment, and thereby providing basic data necessary for the future development of clothes carrying functional designs. The findings are as follows. As for the study method, the 9-item joint ROM measurements were conducted with goniometer, and the questionnaire analyses were carried out for t-test, ANOVA, and regression analysis with spss12.0 program. The 3D motion analyses were handled with 3D Motion Analysis Package Version 3.1 Program. The findings are as follows. First, the ROM was shown to be significantly low, as the arthritis-pain consciousness level was felt higher by the subject than the average one. Seven ROM variables, such as hip flexion, hip adduction, hip internal rotation, hip external rotation, knee flexion, ankle dorsiflexion, and ankle plantar flexion, were shown to significantly affect the discomfort level experienced at the time of dressing or undressing. Second, in the motion of inserting the remaining leg into the pant crotch part(3e), the difference of angles in the hip joint and knee joint was the largest between the women in their 20s and the elderly women with arthritis. Third.

• 복식
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• 제54권7호
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• pp.135-150
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• 2004

The purpose of this research was intended to investigate drag queens' and drag kings' gender identity not only as a comic and desexualized drag borrowing external characteristics of the opposite sex but also as the subject visualizing and performing' the third sex'. It also aimed to examine formative aesthetic characteristics and aesthetical value of drag queen's and drag king's fashion and to confirm the functions of drag queen's and drag kins's fashion to establish, visualize and Perform the discordant sex. For this process, research steps were as follows : 1. Understanding drag, drag queen and drag king in social, psychological context as well as in gender context. 2. Finding visualized forms which drag performance interchange with mass media 3. Analyzing similarities and differences between drag queen's fashion and drag king's fashion. 4. Examining the aesthetical characteristics and the value of drag queen's and drag king's fashion. The results of characteristics of drag queen's fashion could be categorized into stereotype, mimicry, kitch, inconsistency and commercialism. And the characteristics of drag king's fashion could be divided into reality, self-consciousness, mimicry, inconsistency, subversion and multiplicity. Drag queens create plausible impressions of feminity through the use of wigs, dresses, jewelry, makeup, hormones and through &role Playing&. Similarly drag kings produce a plausible masculinity taking gay male aesthetic using suits, crotch stuffers, facial hair, and greased hair. Male and female impersonation produce very different notions of gender performance for male and female embodiment. Drag kings' performance of masculinity demands authentic property of bodies so rather nonperformative, while drag queens' performance of femininity depends on more visible and theatrical fashion.