• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제24권
• /
• pp.62-83
• /
• 2011

The totality of language learning comprises three integrated components: linguistic, cultural, and attitudinal (Wilkes, 1983).Positively sensitizing students to cultural phenomena is urgent and crucial. A positive attitude toward L2 culture is a factor in language learning that leads to cross cultural understanding. This research examined, through a survey analysis, how three groups of students (one high school group and two university student groups) viewed the role of their foreign culture (i.e., American and British cultures) in achieving cultural understanding. The focus was upon how EFL learners approach the target language culture as well as their own culture.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.27-33
• /
• 2014

This study described about preparation of the cross-linked silk fibroin (SF) film by ${\gamma}$-irradiation of the casted SF film, which is fabricated from aqueous solution regenerated via fibers of cocoons and their application as supports for human cell culture. The properties of cross-linked SF film were evaluated by FT-IR spectroscopy, contact angle, solubility to water, thermal analysis, surface area analyzer, and morphology via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cross-linked SF films were not dissolved in water and exhibited the rough surface morphology, large surface area, and good thermal properties. The human fibroblast cell (CCD-986sk) and embryo kidney-ft cell were well growed on the surface of cross-linked SF film supports prepared by ${\gamma}$-irradiation. The cross-linked SF film prepared by ${\gamma}$-irradiation can be used as biomaterials for human cell culture.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2021

Focusing on China's profound historical/cultural heritage, as well as its favorable environment for the expansion of cultural and creative industries (CCIs), this paper considers the unique attributes of Chinese museum cultural and creative products (MCCPs) from the angle of cross-border development, and summarizes the main forms and effects of cross-border innovation in relation to Chinese MCCPs. It also examines the chief problems of Chinese MCCPs' cross-border growth at three levels - the national policy system, product development, and design and marketing - to explore countermeasures and suggestions for cross-border novelties and the advancement of products.

• 복식문화연구
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.664-676
• /
• 2001

This study highlights the homogeneity in the heritage of the costume cultures between the Gulf of Aden, a part of the Horn region of Africa and the Arab region of West. Asia. Specifically, a cross-cultural perspective is used to examine the similarities between the two regions based on their (1) geographic living cultures and (2) the use of a costume accessory called Burga-a face veil. The current trend in research on the traditional costume culture of Africa mostly ties art with the traditional costume culture and examines its from an aesthetic or animalism perspective rather than from a cross cultural Perspective. Compared to Previous research in this area this study used literature reviews and Pictorial analysis to analyze costume cultures from a cross-cultural perspective. The Burga, which is worn in the low lands of the Horn region, which is located between the West Asia and African continents, as well as the Arab region, shows a reciprocal cultural exchange between the two regions. Similarities can be found in the shape, design, decorative elements, and the way the Bursa was worn in two regions. Although the Burga as a face veil is only a small part of a costume, it reaffirms the similar living cultures and geographic characteristics of the two regions. As the living culture environment becomes similar around the world, this study should help with cross culture negotiations as well as forther the development of traditional costume research.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.121-142
• /
• 2005

We're living in a world of one global village. The globalization of business is acceleration as more companies cross national borders to find customers, materials and money. Many foreign companies and organizations are doing their business aggressively in Korea and many Korean companies and rushing into foreign market. When people communicate for business with someone from another culture, there could be difficult communication barriers to overcome resulting from differences in their values, beliefs, norms for behavior, expectations, attitudes and so on. To do successfully business, we need to understand culture background and communication style that is different from nation, race, language. Communication barriers stemming from cultural differences may vary. Largely, they can be divided into value system, non-verbal communication, and perception process. Value system can be divided into individualism versus group orientation, avoidance of uncertainty degree, power distance, and high- context culture versus low-context culture. Also non-verbal communication method and perception process may play decisive roles in communication effectiveness. Especially nonverbal communication barriers which sometimes play more important roles than the verbal parts are composed of eye contact, gesture, kinesics, proxemics, chronemics, paralanguage and language of color Cross-cultural communication affect business situation. I expect that if we understand cultural background, and then we overcome cross-cultural communication barriers. To overcome and to adapt inter-cultural business, we need to develope curriculum on the cross-cultural education which I will study in the next paper.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.368-378
• /
• 2014

본 연구는 서울에서 대학재학 및 어학연수중인 외국인 유학생을 대상으로 이문화에 대해 어떤 태도를 갖고 있으며, 문화적응에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 분석하여 이들이 대학생활과 한국생활에 잘 적응하고, 향후 기업의 인적자원으로 활용하기 위한 가이드라인을 제공하고자 한다. 실증분석을 통해 도출된 결과는 첫째, 이문화 태도의 '문화적 거리감'은 '사회관습문화'요인에 영향을 미치고,'문화적 유연성'과 '이문화 인식'은 인간관계요인에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 이문화 태도에서 '문화적 유연성'과 '이문화 인식'이 한국생활 만족도에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 체류기간이 3-4년 정도인 유학생은 '사회관습'요인, 2-3년은 '전통문화'요인을 가장 높게 인지하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 외향적인 성향과 여성이 '인간관계'요인, 동양인이 '생활문화'요인을 더 높게 인지하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국육종학회지
• /
• 제40권3호
• /
• pp.211-214
• /
• 2008

Haploid system by anther culture allows the development of homozygous lines when doubled. The response of anther culture to Basta (glufosinate) resistance was investigated on transgenic plants (cv. Anjungbyeo) in order to identify inheritance of bar gene associated with Basta. Most of the regenerated transgenic plants were sterile, and only a few plants produced viable seeds ($A_1$) in the greenhouse. The bar gene was analysis by PCR in basta resistant transgenic plant ($TA_0$). The transgenic seeds ($A_1$) were significantly germinated in Basta solution compared with non-transformed seeds. As a result of anther culture, in regenerated haploid plants, segregation ratio was 1:1 in five of eight cross combinations. In diploid plants, segregation ratio was 1:1 in seven of eight cross combinations. Although there was some differences in the cross combinations, most of the combinations had 1:1 segregation ratio which supports the theory. The difference may be a result of the small sample size or the difference of anther culture response caused by genotypic difference. Hence, when many cross combinations were anther-cultured the results would support the theory.

• 이베로아메리카
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.407-439
• /
• 2010

Growth of researches addressing cross-culture in international business is exponential. This article reviews the extant researches around the national culture and describes the various conceptualization of culture through discussion of some of popular models of national culture. This article presented some of the most important issues in international business surrounding globalization, especially convergence and divergence of cultures and cultural changes. Global rapid changes in international business environment request the reconsideration of the assumption of cultural stability and the simple view of culture, which tends to examine the static influence of a few cultural factors in isolation form other cultural factors and contextual elements. This paper identifies a valid cultural grouping and proposes the following typology of the possible methodologies in international business; Ethnological description, Use of proxies, Direct values inference, and Indirect values inference. Rather than selecting a single methodology, it appears to be more appropriate to use multi-method in the cross-cultural international business research. It has been shown that cultural change is intertwined with socioeconomic-institutional variables, and that these variables may also add to determine culture contemporarily. This paper also explained the dynamics of culture as multi-level, multi-layer constructs. According to this model, we may understand how the dynamic nature of culture conveys the top-down-bottom-up processes where one cultural level affects changes in other level of culture.

• 식물조직배양학회지
• /
• 제24권5호
• /
• pp.257-262
• /
• 1997

Brassica와 Raphanus 간에 속간 교잡종을 육성하기 위해서 34개의 교배 조합을 설정한 다음 수분 12일이 경과된 배주를 BA와 GA 1.0 ㎎/L가 첨가된 MS배지에 접종하고 배의 발아율을 조사하였다. BA나 GA 첨가는 배의 발아에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. 무 속의 '내병총태'와 '중국청피'를 부계로 교잡한 조합에서 배의 발아율이 낮았으나 갓(Brassica juncea)을 부계로 교잡한 조합에서는 비교적 배의 발아율이 높았다. 이러한 결과는 배주배양시 배지에 첨가한 casein hydrolysate, malt extract, BA, kinetin 및 glutamine이 배의 발아에 미치는 영향보다는 부계나 모계의 교잡조합에 따라 배의 발아율에 상당한 차이가 있다는 것을 의미한다.

• 임상간호연구
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.313-323
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This cross-sectional survey study explored the moderating effect of social support between hierarchy-oriented nursing organizational culture and turnover intention in clinical nurses. Methods: Data were collected using self-report questionnaires from 240 nurses working at three general hospitals in February 2018. Hierarchy-oriented nursing organizational culture, turnover intention and social support were measured using 5, 6, and 8 items, respectively, of validated instruments. Descriptive analysis and hierachical multiple regression were conducted using SPSS/WIN 21.0. Results: Nurses rated $3.66{\pm}0.50$ for hierarchy-oriented nursing organizational culture, $3.40{\pm}0.64$ for turnover intention, and $3.77{\pm}0.56$ for social support respectively. Nurses' turnover intention was positively correlated with hierarchical organizational culture, but negatively with social support. The moderating effect of social support was not significant in the relationship between hierarchical nursing organizational culture and turnover intention. Conclusion: It is required to improve the hierarchy-oriented nursing organizational culture. Institutional preparation and education are urgently needed to strengthen the boss and peer support for clinical nurses and finally to reduce turnover intention.