• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.111-114
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• 2009

For the fabrication of core-shell structure bimetallic lead-free solder balls, both the critical temperature ($T_{cr}$) for the phase separation of two immiscible liquid phases and the temperature coefficient of the interfacial tension between the two separated liquid phases are required. In order to obtain this information, the temperature dependence of the surface tension of 60%Bi-24%Cu-16%Sn(-REM) alloys was measured using the constrained drop method. The slope of the temperature dependence of the surface tension changed clearly at a critical temperature for the separation of two immiscible liquid phases. The critical temperature of the 60%Bi-24%Cu-16%Sn alloy was estimated to be 1097K. An addition of 0.05% Ce decreased the critical temperature to 1085K, whereas that of 0.05% La increased it to 1117K. It was found that the surface tension and its temperature coefficient of the 60%Bi-24%Cu-16%Sn alloy were slightly increased by the addition of 0.05% Ce and 0.05% La. In addition, additions of Ce and La increased the temperature coefficient of the interfacial tension.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09b
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• pp.1251-1252
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• 2006

In order to investigate 95% retained critical current of Bi-2223/Ag tapes under various stress-strain conditions, load cell attached tension and bending apparatus was used. The critical current of stress-strained tape was degraded below 95% retained critical current when tension and bending was simultaneously applied together. But only one of this tension or bending did not degrade the tape below 95% retained critical current. Deformation temperature was important to maintain the 95% retained Ic of Bi-2223/Ag tapes after bending or tension deformation because mechanical strength of tapes can be changed drastically between room temperature and 77 K.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.45-59
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• 2002

Evaluation of the mechanical properties of Bi-2223/Ag HTS tapes was carried out by the tension and bending tests. Most of the Bi-2223/Ag tapes retained critical current up to 10 kgf/mm$_2$ axial tension stress, and 0.2% tension strain at room temperature. Applied tension strain exceeding 0.3% in superconducting tapes at 77 K leaded to rapid degradation of the critical current. It was observed that the more filaments, the better axial tension property at 77 K, self-field The influence of bending strain on critical current degradation was revealed to be less sensitive for Bi-2223/Ag HTS tapes with a more number of filaments and higher silver ratio.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.124-127
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• 1965

The surface tension of the solution of dodecylpridinium bromide was measured by the ring method over the range $25^{\circ}\; to\; 45^{\circ}C.$ The critical micelle concentration was determined from the change of the surface tension of solution with concentration. The temperature dependence of the critical micelle concentration was also investigated. The result was compared with Adderson and Taylor's data determined by the conductivity method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.517-518
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• 2013

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.169-169
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• 2000

The modeling for the looper of a hot strip finishing mill to control the tension of the strip is presented. The looper is an arm pushing against the strip between stands in a tandem mill to keep the strip tension constant and to isolate the interactions of the adjacent stands. Tension is influenced by the difference in mass flow through the up stream and down-stream rolling stands. Tension is critical to strip quality, influencing width, gauge, and shape. This paper presents how looper angle and strip tension are controlled for a hot strip finishing mill.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.185-191
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• 2006

It is desirable to have an accurate expression on the temperature dependence of surface(or interfacial) tension ${\sigma}$, because most of the interfacial thermodynamic functions can be derived from it. There have been proposed several equations on the temperature dependence of the surface tension, ${\sigma}(T)$. Among them $E{\ddot{o}}tv{\ddot{o}}s$ equation and the one modified by Katayama, which is called Katayama equation, for improving accuracies of $E{\ddot{o}}tv{\ddot{o}}s$ equation close to critical points, have been most well-known. In this article Katayama equation is interpreted on the basis of the cell model to understand the nature of the equation. The cell model results in an expression very similar to Katayama equation. This implies that, although $E{\ddot{o}}tv{\ddot{o}}s$ and Katayama equations were obtained on the basis of experimental results, they have a sound theoretical background. The Katayama equation is also modified with the phase volume replaced with a critical scaling expression. The modified Katayama equation becomes a power-law equation with the exponent slightly different from the value obtained by critical-scaling theory. This implies that Katayama equation can be replaced by a critical-scaling equation which is proven to be accurate.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Applied Superconductivity and Cryogenics Conference
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• 2002.02a
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• pp.351-354
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• 2002

In most of electrical applications using Bi-2223/Ag HTS tapes, bending and tension stresses are essentially applied to the tape. Therefore, the critical current of the Bi-2223/Ag tape is degraded by increasing the deformation stress, though brittle superconducting filaments are embedded in the reinforced Ag alloy sheath. It is needed to understand bending and tension properties of HTS tapes at room temperature and cryogen to make superconducting magnet, cable and etc. using Bi-2223/Ag HTS tapes. Actually, bending and tension stress applied to the tapes simultaneously, when winding the tapes on former for applications. In this study, the effect of mechanical deformations, bending and tension, on the critical current of Bi-2223/Ag tape was investigated.

• Acute and Critical Care
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.280-281
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• 2018

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.80-94
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• 1994

As for axisymmetirc sheet metal forming, a kind of pick-up apparatus for body-wrinkling is deviced. Experiments with both hemispherical and flat headed punches, with various clearances between punch and die, with respect to three kinds of materials each of which has two thicknesses, are performed. Firstly the process of evolution of body-wrinkling is observed. Then the critical blank-holding force (or meridional tensile force) for suppression of body-wrinkling at a specified punch-stroke is measured for all cases mentioned above. An empirical formula for it is proposed. Deformation patterns and stress distributions are analysed by the use of FEM. A simplified critical condition for body-wrinkling is formulated and introduced into the FEM program. And its effectiveness is checked by comparison with the experimental results. Using this FEM system, the governing factors of body-wrinkling are cleared up.