• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.110-116
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• 2020

Grains in the BaTiO₃, which is used for a dielectric layer in MLCC(Multi-Layer Ceramic Capacitor) are necessary to form core/shell structure for a stable TCC(Temperature Coefficient of Capacitance) behavior. The shell property has been deduced from the whole TCC behavior of core/shell structure due to its tiny size, ~ few ㎛. This study demonstrates the individual TCC behavior of the shell phase measured by micro-contact measurement in a temperature range between 35 and 135℃. Pt electrode pairs deposited on an enlarged core/shell structure in a diffusion couple sample made the measurement possible. As a result, the DPT (Diffusion Phase Transition) behavior of the shell phase was revealed as a different TCC behavior from that of the core: a broad peak with T_m at 65℃. This would be also useful experimental data for a modelling that depicts dielectric-temperature behavior of core/shell structure.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.74-79
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• 2009

The inorganic-organic composite particles with core-shell structure were polymerized by using styrene and potassium persulfate (KPS) as a shell monomer and an initiator, respectively. We studied the effect of surfactants on the core-shell structure of silicone dioxide/styrene composite particles polymerized in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS), polyoxyethylene alkylether sulfate (EU-S133D), and at none surfactant condition. We found that $SiO_2$ core / polystyrene(PS) shell structure was formed when polymerization of styrene was conducted on the surface of $SiO_2$ particles, and the concentration SDS and EU-Sl33D was $8.34{\times}10^{-2}mole/L$. The core-shell structure was confirmed by measuring the thermal decomposition of the polymer composite using thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), and the morphology of the composite particles was characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM).

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.902-908
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• 2003

Au/TiO$_2$ core-shell structure nanoparticles were synthesised by sol-gel process, and the morphology and crystallinity of TiO$_2$ shell were investigated by TEM and UV-Vis. absorption spectrometer. Au/TiO$_2$ core-shell structure nanoparticles could be prepared by the hydrolysis of TOAA (Titanium Oxide Acethylacetonate) in Au colloid ethanol solution with $H_2O$. The thickness of TiO$_2$ shell on the surface of Au particles was about 1 nm. To investigate the crystallinity of TiO$_2$ shell, UV light with 254 nm and radioactive lay of $^{60}$ CO were irradiated on the TiO$_2$ coated Au colloid ethanol solution. The surface plasmon phenomenon of Au nanoparticles appeared only when the radioactive lay was irradiated on the TiO$_2$ coated Au colloid ethanol solution. From these results, it was found that the TiO$_2$ shell was amorphous and the MUA (Mercaptoundecanoic Acid) layer on the Au particle for its dispersion didn't act as an obstacle to disturb the movement of electron onto the surface of Au particle.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.65-72
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• 2003

Poly(ethylene-co-vinylacetate) (EVA) microspheres were prepared by a thermally induced phase separation. Poly(vinyl Alcohol) (EVAL) microsphere with Core-Shell Structure were synthesized by a saponification on sheath of EVA microspheres. The size of EVA core/EVAL shell microsphere was decreased from $4.09\mu{m}\;to\;2.55\mu{m}$ by partial saponification of $NaOH/Na_2SO_4$/methanol(2 : 1 : 1 by weight) at $60^\circ{C}$ for 4h to produce a saponified surface layer of about 60% of original radius. In this process, the surface layer of EVAL microsphere was dissolved partially and morphology of surface was not showed. Add-on of cotton and silk printed with EVA core/EVAL shell microsphere was increased and that of printed PET was decreased. In case of EVA core/EVAL shell microsphere, Hand of cotton and silk printed was flexible and fullness.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.04b
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• pp.47-47
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• 2009

The formation of variable one-dimensional structures including core/shell structure is of particular significance with respect to potential applications for thermoelectric devices with the enhanced figure of merit ($ZT=S2{\sigma}T/{\kappa}$). We report the fabrication of Bi-Te core/shell nanowire based on a novel stress induced method. Fig. 1 schematically shows the nanowire fabrication process. Bi nanowires are grown on the Si substrate by the stress-induced method, and then Te is evaporated on the Bi nanowires. Fig. 2 is a transmission electron microscopy image clearly showing a core/shell structure for which effective phonon scattering and quantum confinement effect are expected. Electrical conductivity of the core/shell nanowire was measured at the temperatures from 4K to 300K, respectively. Our results demonstrate that Bi-Te core/shell nanowire can be grown successfully by the stress-induced method. Based on the result of electrical transport measurement and characteristic morphology of rough surface, Seebeck coefficient and thermal conductivity of Bi-Te core/shell nanowires are presented.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 2003

The core-shell latex particles were prepared by sequential emulsion polymerization of alkyl methacrylate and styrene(ST) by using an water-soluble initiator(APS) after preparing monomer pre-emulsion in the presence of an anionic surfactant(SDBS). In organic/organic core-shell polymerization, the pre-emulsion method, which minimized required quantity of sulfactant, has been used to increase the conversion rate and the stability of core-shell latex particles as well as to reduce the formation of secondary particle that cause problems of soap-free emulsion during shell polymerization. We used several methods to observe the core-shell structure. The core-shell structure was studied by measuring pH change during hydrolysis by NaOH, glass transition temperature($T_g$) by differential scanning calorimeter(DSC), morphology of latex by transmission electron microscope(TEM) and change of particle size and distribution by a particle analyzer.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.404-409
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• 2008

The core-shell composite particles of inorganic/organic were polymerized by using styrene(St) as a shell monomer and potassium persulfate (KPS) as an initiator. We studied the effect of core-shell structure of silicone dioxide/styrene in the presence of an anionic surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and polyoxyethylene alky lether sulfate (EU-S133D). We found that when $SiO_2$ core/PSt shell polymerization was prepared on the surface $SiO_2$ particle, to minimize the coagulation during the shell polymerization, the optimum conditions were at concentration of $2.56{\times}10^{-2}mole/L$ SLS. The structure of core-shell polymer was confirmed by measuring the thermal decomposition of polymer composite using thermogravimetric analyzer and morphology of core-shell polymer particles by transmission electron microscope (TEM).

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.496-503
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• 2023

We present a detailed analysis of the light extraction efficiency (LEE) of a core-shell nanorod light emitting diode (LED) using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations. We found that the LEE has a deep dependence on source positions and polarization directions based on the calculated LEE results for every x and z position inside the core-shell nanorod structure. The LEEs are different for the upper part (pyramid) and the lower part (sidewall) of the core-shell nanorod owing to total internal reflection (TIR) and the generated optical modes in the structure. As a result, the LEE of sidewall is much larger than that of pyramid. The averaged LEE of the core-shell nanorod LED is also investigated with variable p-GaN thickness, n-GaN thickness, and height for the design guidelines for the optimized LEE of core-shell nanorod LEDs.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.105-110
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• 2015

In this study, effect of core-shell structure on compaction behavior of harmonic powder is investigated. Harmonic powders are made by electroless plating method on Fe powders. Softer Cu shell encloses harder Fe core, and the average size of Fe core and thickness of Cu shell are $34.3{\mu}m$ and $3.2{\mu}m$, respectively. The powder compaction procedure is processed with pressure of 600 MPa in a cylindrical die. Due to the low strength of Cu shell regions, the harmonic powders show better densification behavior compared with pure Fe powders. Finite element method (FEM) is performed to understand the roll of core-shell structure. Based on stress and strain distributions of FEM results, it is concluded that the early stage of powder compaction of harmonic powders mainly occurs at the shell region. FEM results also well predict porosity of compacted materials.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.379-388
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• 2013

In this study, the effect of various glass fiber (GF) contents in a shell layer and shell thickness changes on the flexural property of coextruded wood plastic composites (WPCs) in combination with three core systems (weak, moderate, and strong) was investigated. GF behaved as an effective reinforcement for the whole coextruded WPCs and GF alignments in the shell layer played an important role in determining the flexural property of the coextruded WPCs. At a given shell thickness, the flexural property of the whole coextruded WPCs was improved with the increase of GF content in shell. For core quality, when the core is weak, increase of GF content in shell led to improved flexural property of the whole composites and increase of shell thickness helped it. On the other hand, when the core is strong, the flexural property of the whole composites showed reduced features at low GF content in shell and increase of shell thickness aggravated it. This approach provides a method for optimizing performance of the coextruded WPCs with various combinations of core-shell structure and properties.