• 공업화학
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.653-657
• /
• 2011

대기압 플라즈마 반응기를 이용한 메탄과 이산화탄소의 전환처리로 수소와 일산화탄소로 구성된 합성가스를 제조하는 공정특성을 연구하였다. 유전체 격벽 방전방식의 플라즈마 반응기를 인가전력, 혼합가스의 구성비 및 사용된 반응기의 갯수 등의 공정변수들에 대하여 메탄과 이산화탄소의 전환율에 미치는 영향이 분석되었다. 인가전력의 공급에 따라 플라즈마 반응기 자체의 온도 상승이 일어나지만 반응기 온도 증가가 반응기체의 전환율 향상에 효과가 크지 않았다. 그러나 인가전력이 증가할수록 메탄과 이산화탄소의 전환율이 크게 증가하였다. 반응기체인 $CH_4/CO_2$ 비가 커질수록 $CH_4$의 전환율은 감소하나 $CO_2$의 경우는 증가하였다. 전체적으로 반응에 따른 $CH_4$의 전환율이 $CO_2$의 전환율보다 큰 경향성을 보인다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.712-717
• /
• 2015

본 연구에서는 이산화탄소와 석탄을 사용하여 합성가스 CO를 생산하는 실험을 수행하였다. CO 합성특성은 KOH 촉매를 사용한 화학적 활성화 방법에 의해 조사되었으며, 제조공정은 $CO_2$ 전환반응에서 석탄과 활성화 촉매 비율, 가스 유량과 반응온도 등과 같은 실험변수들을 분석함으로서 최적화되었다. KOH 촉매를 사용하지 않은 경우, 반응온도 $950^{\circ}C$와 $CO_2$ 유량 300 cc/min에서 65% $CO_2$ 전환율을 얻었으며, 반면에 촉매를 사용한 경우 같은 반응조건에서 98.1%의 전환율을 얻었다. 석탄의 활성화촉매 반응물의 비(석탄 : KOH = 4 : 1)가 다른 반응물 비에 대해 더 좋은 $CO_2$ 전환율과 CO 선택도 보여줌을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국에너지공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국에너지공학회 2004년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.195-200
• /
• 2004

Carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and methane (CH$_4$) are two major greenhouse Bases. $CO_2$is a stack gas of many industrial processes and the main product of the hydrocarbon combustion. There is recent research interest on the synthesis gas (syngas) formation from $CO_2$ and CH$_4$, via the following reaction: CH$_4$+$CO_2$longrightarrow 2H$_2$+$CO_2$, in order to reduce the greenhouse effects and to synthesize various chemicals, Preliminary experiments were conducted on the conversion of $CO_2$ and CH$_4$ to syngas by making use of a microwave plasma torch at atmospheric pressure. Conversion rates of $CO_2$and CH$_4$ to hydrogen (H$_2$), carbon monoxide (CO) and higher hydrocarbons were investigated using Gas Chromatography (GC) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The experimental data indicate that the main products were H$_2$, CO and small amount of higher hydrocarbons, such as ethylene (C$_2$H$_4$).

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회B
• /
• pp.3181-3188
• /
• 2008

The supercritical $CO_2$ Brayton cycle energy conversion system is presented as a promising alternative to the present Rankine cycle. The principal advantage of the S-$CO_2$ gas is a good efficiency at a modest temperature and a compact size of its components. The S-$CO_2$ Brayton cycle coupled to a SFR also excludes the possibilities of a SWR (Sodium-Water Reaction) which is a major safety-related event, so that the safety of a SFR can be improved. KAERI is conducting a feasibility study for the supercritical carbon dioxide (S-$CO_2$) Brayton cycle power conversion system coupled to KALIMER(Korea Advanced LIquid MEtal Reactor). The purpose of this research is to develop S-$CO_2$ Brayton cycle energy conversion systems and evaluate their performance when they are coupled to advanced nuclear reactor concepts of the type under investigation in the Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems. This paper contains the research overview of the S-$CO_2$ Brayton cycle coupled to KALIMER-600 as an alternative energy conversion system.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.209-217
• /
• 2014

To enhance the performance of SEWGS system by holding the WGS catalyst in a SEWGS reactor, a spring type bed insert was developed. In this study, effects of operating variables such as steam/CO ratio, gas velocity, syngas concentration on CO conversion were investigated in a fluidized bed reactor using the spring type bed insert to hold the WGS catalyst as tablet shape. CO conversion increased initially as the steam/CO ratio increased. But further increment of the steam/CO ratio caused decreasing of CO conversion because of increment of gas velocity and decrement of syngas concentration. Moreover, CO conversion decreased as the gas velocity increased and the syngas concentration decreased at the same steam/CO ratio. Continuous operation up to 48 hours (2 days) was carried out to check reactivity decay of WGS catalyst supported by spring type bed insert. The average CO conversion was 99.04% and we could conclude that the WGS reactivity at those conditions was maintained up to 48 hours.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.388-400
• /
• 2021

Power to gas (P2G) is one of the energy storage technologies that can increase the storage period and storage capacity compared to the existing battery type. One of P2G technology produces hydrogen by decomposing water from renewable energy (electricity) and the other produces CH4 by reacting hydrogen with CO2. This study is an experimental study to produce CH4 by reacting CO2 of biogas with hydrogen using a 40 wt% Ni-Mg-Al catalyst and a commercial catalyst. Catalyst characteristics were analyzed through H2-TPR, XRD, and XPS instruments of 40% Ni catalyst and commercial catalyst. The effect on the CO2 conversion rate and CH4 selectivity was analyzed, and the activities of a 40% Ni catalyst and a commercial catalyst were compared. As a result of experiment, In the case of a 40 wt% catalyst, the maximum CO2 conversion rate showed 77% at the reaction temperature of 400℃. Meanwhile, the commercial catalyst showed a maximum CO2 conversion rate of 60% at 450℃. When 50% of CO was added to the CO2 methanation reaction, the CO2 conversion rate was increased by about 5%. This is considered to be due to the atmosphere in which the CO reaction can occur without the process of converting to CH4 after forming carbon and CO as intermediates in terms of the CO2 mechanism on the catalyst surface.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.525-532
• /
• 1976

CO2/KOH catalysis에 의해 2-pyrrolidone과 ${\varepsilon}$-caprolactam의 음이온 중합을 시도하였으며 이 polymer의 물리적 성질을 조사하였다. 2-Pyrrolidone 중합의 경우는, KOH의 농도가 8mole%이상이고 $CO_2/KOH$ mole ratio가 0.45일 때 percent conversion이 가장 높았으며 $50^{\circ}C$가 최적의 온도임을 알았다. ${\varepsilon}$-Carprolactam의 중합에 있어서는 80 ∼ $90^{\circ}C$에서 percent conversion이 낮았고, 150 ∼ $180^{\circ}C$의 온도에서는$ CO_2/KOH$ mole ratio에 크게 관계없이 높은 percent conversion을 얻을 수 있었다. 이들 polymer의 고유점도는 대략 2.0 ∼ 5.0dl/g의 높은 값이었다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.139-143
• /
• 2000

There appeared enhancements of the conversion of methane by adding a small amount of CO in the aromatization reaction of methane using the Mo-zeolite catalyst. In case of adding $CO_{2}$, $CO_{2}$ changed to CO first, and then the conversion reaction occurred. It was observed by using isotopes as reactants that CO is related to the aromatization reaction of methane.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.12-19
• /
• 2013

A gasification process with pre-combustion $CO_2$ capture process, which converts coal into environment-friendly synthetic gas, might be promising option for sustainable energy conversion. In the coal gasification for power generation, coal is converted into $H_2$, CO and $CO_2$. To reduce the cost of $CO_2$ capture and to maximize hydrogen production, the removal of CO and the additional production of hydrogen might be needed. In this study, a 2l/min water gas shift system for a coal gasifier has been studied. To control the concentration of major components such as $H_2$, CO, and $CO_2$, MFCs were used in experimental apparatus. The gas concentration in these experiments was equal with syngas concentration from dry coal gasifiers ($H_2$: 25-35, CO: 60-65, $CO_2$: 5-15 vol%). The operation conditions of the WGS system were $200-400^{\circ}C$, 1-10bar. Steam/Carbon ratios were between 2.0 and 5.0. The commercial catalysts were used in the high temperature shift reactor and the low temperature shift reactor. As steam/carbon ratio increased, the conversion (1-$CO_{out}/CO_{in}$) increased from 93% to 97% at the condition of CO: 65, $H_2$: 30, $CO_2$: 5%. However the conversion decreased with increasing of gas flow and temperature. The gas concentration from LTS was $H_2$: 54.7-60.0, $CO_2$: 38.8-44.9, CO: 0.3-1%.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제25권8호
• /
• pp.1253-1256
• /
• 2004