• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.1109-1115
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• 2020

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is spreading globally, and the WHO has declared this outbreak a pandemic. Vaccines are an effective way to prevent the rapid spread of COVID-19. Furthermore, the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 infection needs to be understood for the development of an efficient and safe vaccine. Here, we review the current understanding of vaccine targets and the status of vaccine development for COVID-19. We also describe host immune responses to highly pathogenic human coronaviruses in terms of innate and adaptive immunities.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.1843-1853
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• 2020

COVID-19, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has spread globally and caused serious social and economic problems. The WHO has declared this outbreak a pandemic. Currently, there are no approved vaccines or antiviral drugs that prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection. Drugs already approved for clinical use would be ideal candidates for rapid development as COVID-19 treatments. In this work, we screened 1,473 FDA-approved drugs to identify inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 infection using cell-based assays. The antiviral activity of each compound was measured based on the immunofluorescent staining of infected cells using anti-dsRNA antibody. Twenty-nine drugs among those tested showed antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. We report this new list of inhibitors to quickly provide basic information for consideration in developing potential therapies.

• 경영과학
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.43-70
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• 2010

Influences of convergent services on the overall industry has become noticeable. Various services are becoming to converge into a single platform because of ever-hanging needs of digital service users. However, few studies have investigated how users' perception of convergent services as well as the quality of experience that service users have while using the convergent services. Therefore, this study aims at identifying perceived patterns of convergent services by IPTV users, which is one of the representative convergent-ervice platforms. It also aims at identifying the impact of perceived convergence pattern on the relationship between goal congruency among individual services and the quality of user experience. Two empirical studies were conducted to accomplish the research goals. We have constructed two prototypes of convergent digital services in the IPTV environment and conducted controlled experiments to verify the research hypotheses. The results indicate that design similarities of two services substantially influence the perceived patterns of convergent services. It was also found that the perceived convergent patterns have significant moderating effects on the impact of perceived goal congruence upon the quality of user experience. This paper ends with limitations as well as implications of the study results.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.313-324
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• 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which causes serious respiratory illness such as pneumonia and lung failure, was first reported in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei, China. The etiological agent of COVID-19 has been confirmed as a novel coronavirus, now known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is most likely originated from zoonotic coronaviruses, like SARS-CoV, which emerged in 2002. Within a few months of the first report, SARS-CoV-2 had spread across China and worldwide, reaching a pandemic level. As COVID-19 has triggered enormous human casualties and serious economic loss posing global threat, an understanding of the ongoing situation and the development of strategies to contain the virus's spread are urgently needed. Currently, various diagnostic kits to test for COVID-19 are available and several repurposing therapeutics for COVID-19 have shown to be clinically effective. In addition, global institutions and companies have begun to develop vaccines for the prevention of COVID-19. Here, we review the current status of epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and vaccine development for COVID-19.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.561-573
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• 2006

In this paper, we present a practical implementation of the MPEG-21 multimedia framework for broadcasting and communication convergent services. MPEG-21 standard technology was exploited to build a convergent service framework. Using this framework, a service model and several scenarios have been successfully designed and implemented. In addition, interoperability, which is the main objective of a multimedia framework, especially in a convergent environment consisting of heterogeneous networks and various types of devices, has been addressed in detail. The experimental results show that the implemented test bed provides a next-generation multimedia service; that is, universal multimedia access (UMA), meeting the requirements of a broadcasting and communication convergent environment.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.207-226
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• 2024

Purpose This study aims to develop a job model for data convergent talents to meet the rapidly changing demands of the data industry. To create a job model, we first define and categorize data convergent talents with balanced competencies in data technology and domain knowledge, and then develop a job model by investigating job areas, scope, activities, and competencies. Design/methodology/approach The research is conducted using the following procedures and methodology. First, we conduct a current status survey on data talent demand, data talent policies, data talent programs, and curricula at home and abroad; second, we collect opinions on the jobs and competencies required for data convergent talents and curricula for talent development through in-depth interview with experts; and third, we present the job areas and job activities of data convergent talents derived from the previous status survey and expert opinions based on the National Competency Standards(NCS). Findings The research findings indicate that there are total of six job roles for data convergent talents, including data scientist, data planner, data architect, data developer, data engineer, and data analyst. It was observed that each of these roles requires the development of common competencies within their respective fields, followed by a need for further specialization into specific competencies within each professional domain.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.981-991
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• 2023

Monkeypox (Mpox) virus, a member of the Poxviridae family, causes a severe illness similar to smallpox, which is characterized by symptoms such as high fever, rash, and pustules. Human-to-human transmission cases have been reported but remained low since the first recorded case of human infection occurred in the Congo in 1970. Recently, Mpox has re-emerged, leading to an alarming surge in infections worldwide since 2022, originating in the United Kingdom. Consequently, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared the '2022-23 Mpox outbreak'. Currently, no specific therapy or vaccine is available for Mpox. Therefore, patients infected with Mpox are treated using conventional therapies developed for smallpox. However, the vaccines developed for smallpox have demonstrated only partial efficacy against Mpox, allowing viral transmission among humans. In this review, we discuss the current epidemiology of the ongoing Mpox outbreak and provide an update on the progress made in diagnosis, treatment, and development of vaccines for Mpox.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2006

What is the role of right and left-brain in creative thinking? The current study is to address this question. Two empirical studies were performed to answer the question. First one is regarding the divergent thinking and right-brain connection. Second one is regrading the convergent thinking and left-brain connection. Empirical study showed that both of divergent and convergent thinking were asymmetrically related to creativity. Divergent thinking was connected to right-brain and convergent thinking was connected to left brain.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.883-912
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• 2013

최근 경쟁우위 확보를 위한 급격한 경쟁 환경 속에서 과학기술혁신 분야의 경쟁력 제고를 위해서는 미래 주도형 원천 융합기술 개발 및 융합신산업을 육성할 수 있는 환경이 구축되어야 한다는 논의가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이에 융합기술에 대한 지원 확대는 선택이 아닌 필수로 간주되고 있으며, 규모가 커지고 있는 융합기술 관련 R&D에 대한 투자의 효율적인 방향 모색의 필요성도 크게 대두되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 네트워크 분석을 통해서 연구 분야간에 어떤 유기적 관계를 형성하면서 융합연구가 이루어지고 있는지를 분석하였다. 대표적인 융합연구 사업인 첨단융합기술개발사업에 대한 네트워크 분석 결과, 연구 분야들간에 융합이 고르게 연계되어 이루어지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 연계의 응집성을 나타내는 밀도분석 결과, 핵심군집에 속한 연구 분야들간에는 강한 연계성을 보이는 반면 핵심과 주변군집간의 연계 분포성은 상대적으로 미약한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 중심성과 연구 분야간 융합과제 비율에 대한 상관관계 분석결과, 연결 중심성이 낮은 분야들에서도 융합연구에 필요한 연구 역량이나 지식 자원을 보유하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 중심성이 높더라도 융합연구에 대한 지원 미비로 융합연구 활동이 활성화되지 못하는 경우가 있음을 본 연구결과는 제시하고 있다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.247-270
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• 2013

The purpose of this research was to analyze the convergent approaches for creativity in elementary mathematics textbooks in Korean and the united States. Convergent approaches have emphasized since NCTM(2000) consistently includes 'connections' as an important factor in mathematics curriculum and KOFAC(Korea Foundation for the Advancement of Science & Creativity) initiated the STEAM(Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) in mathematics and science education. For this research, two elementary mathematics textbooks were analyzed focused on their contexts and contents: Korean National Elementary Mathematics Textbooks and Navigations in Numbers, Data, and Space. In both textbooks, it was not easy to find so called the convergent approach in a real sense, but they use some contexts for connections between mathematical concepts and real world phenomena. For the enhancement of convergent approaches in mathematics education, we need to have a broader sense in the convergent approaches and develop various meaningful materials.