• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1996년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.138-146
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• 1996

The presence of a damage, such as a crack, in a structure increases the flexibility and damping in the structure. Most of methods to detect damage or damage location uses stiffness matrix of the structural system. The modification of stiffness matrix, however, has complicated procedures to identify structural. system in the basis of finite element model and has too many degree of freedom to calculate. Identification of changes of flexibility of structure can offer damage information immediately and simple procedure can employ real time continuous monitoring system. To identify changes of the flexibility, vibration mode shapes and natural frequencies are usually used. In this paper, a procedure for damage location in continuous girder bridges using vibration data is described. The effectiveness and sensitivity of the presented method to measurement errors in mode shapes and natural frequencies are investigated using analytical results from finite element models. It is shown that the errors in the first mode shape and first natural frequency demonstrate much larger influence than those in the higher mode shapes and modal frequencies.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.686-691
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• 2009

Damage due to frost action in pavement structure system is creating either frost heave or stiffness-weakening of subgrade soil follow melting. The formation of ice lenses requires a frost-susceptible soil, freezing temperatures, and continuous water supply. Eliminating one of these conditions suffices to significantly reduce the intensity of frost action. It is important to know characteristics of subgrade soil in frost susceptibility or decide degree of freezing permission. Also, study on the stiffness variation of subgrade soil during freezing and thawing cycle is very important. In this study, Impact resonance test for subgrade soil at freezing and thawing confirms that is applied for.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.382-387
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• 2004

Nanoindentation technique has been used to measure the mechanical properties of aluminium alloy foam cell walls. Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy foams of different compositions and different cell morphologies were produced using powder metallurgical method. Cell morphology of the foam was controlled during production by varying foaming time and temperature. Mechanical properties such as hardness and Young's modulus were calculated using two different methods: a continuous stiffness measurement (CSM) and an unloading stiffness measurement (USM) method. Experimental results showed that hardness and Young's modulus of Al-5%(wt.)Si-4%Cu-4%Mg (544 alloy) precursor and foam walls are higher than those of Al-3%Si-2%Cu-2%Mg (322 alloy) precursor and foam walls. It was noticed that mechanical properties of cell wall are different from those of precursor materials.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2023

As the elderly population increases, the number of patients with various joint diseases, including degenerative arthritis, is steadily increasing. CPM medical devices are needed to effectively treat degenerative arthritis that is common in the elderly population. Domestic CPM medical devices have limited functions and are highly dependent on imports for expensive imported medical devices. To solve this problem, we designed a ROM measurement function using a current sensor that is not present in existing composite joint CPM medical devices. The algorithm was designed using the fact that the force caused by joint stiffness greatly increases the current flowing through the DC motor. In addition, the need for digital healthcare in the medical field is gradually expanding as the proportion of chronically ill patients increases due to the spread of the non-face-to-face economy due to COVID-19 and the aging population. Therefore, this paper aims to improve the performance of CPM medical devices by allowing real-time confirmation of rehabilitation exercise information and operation range measurement results in accordance with digital healthcare trends through a Bluetooth application developed as an Android studio.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문요약집
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• pp.142-142
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• 2004

박막으로 표면처리한 다양한 강판이 자동차 차체와 부품, 가전제품 등의 제조를 위해 여러 가지 판재 성형공정에 적용되고 있으나, 제품 개발기간과 비용 감소, 성형과정에서 표면 코팅층의 특성 변화로 인해 성형성 열화와 성형불량을 줄이면서, 제품의 고정밀화, 고품질화를 실현하기 위해서는 코팅층에 대한 기계적 특성과 마찰거동을 명확히 규명하는 것이 반드시 필요하다 현재 나노 마이크로 수준인 코팅층의 기계적 물성치를 측정하기 위해 가장 널리 사용되는 방법은 나노 인덴테이션이다.(중략)

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.355-363
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• 2023

The main purpose of this study is to characterize the size-dependent strain rate sensitivity in structural steel using the continue stiffness measurement (CSM) indentation. A series of experiments, such as CSM indentation and optical microscope examination, has been performed at the room temperature at different rate conditions. The results indicated that indentation hardness, strain rate, and flow stress showed size-dependent behavior. The dependency of indentation hardness, strain rate, and flow stress on the indentation size was attributed to the transition of the dislocation nucleation rate and the dislocation behaviors during the indentation process. Since both hardness and strain rate showed the size-dependent behavior, SRS tended to depend on the indentation depth. The results indicated that the SRS was quite high over 2.0 at the indentation depth of 240 nm and quickly dropping to 0.08, finally around 0.046 at large indents. The SRS values at large indentations strongly agree with the general range reported for several types of low-carbon steel in the literature (Chatfield and Rote 1974, Nguyen et al. 2018b, Luecke et al. 2005). The results from the present study can be used in both static and dynamic analyses of structures as well as to assess and understand the deformation mechanism and the stress-state of material underneath the indenter tip during the process of the indentation testing.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.29-42
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• 1999

비파괴적, 비관입적으로 지반 및 구조물의 전단강성 구조를 파악할 수 있는 SASW 기법은 여러 토목분야에서 성공적으로 적용이 되어왔다. 그러나 SASW 기법은 그 기법상의 제약으로 인해 실험이 행해지는 측선의 하부구조가 수평으로 균질하다고 하는 가정을 하여야만 한다. 이러한 수평 다층 구조의 가정은 포장 구조체, 터널 라이닝 등의 토목 구조물의 건전도 검사의 경우에 있어서 반드시 합리적이라고 할 수는 없다. 즉, 지반조사 측선 방향으로의 변이성 평가를 높은 해상도로 수행하여야 할 경우에 기존의 SASW 실험으로 만족스러운 결과를 얻는 것은 용이하지 않다. 최근에는 지반 및 구조물의 건전도 상태를 연속적으로 평가하는 GPR과 같은 비파괴 검사의 중요성이 부각되고 있는 실정이기에, 본 연구에서는 기존의 SASW 실험을 보완하여 지반 조사 측선 방향으로의 전단강성의 연속적 평가가 가능한 토모그래픽 SASW 기법을 새로이 개발하였다. 이러한 토모그래픽 SASW 기법의 개발로 조사대상 매질의 전단강성의 변화에 관한 거리-깊이의 2차원적 컨투어(contour) 도표(토모그래피)의 표현이 가능하게 되어 SASW 기법의 적용성이 토건구조물의 건전도 평가 영역에서 확대되게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 새로이 제안된 토모그래픽 SASW 기법의 타당성을 평가하기 위하여 강사법으로 형성한 모래지반의 횡방향 및 깊이 방향으로의 균질성을 조사하였다. 토모그래픽 SASW 실험으로 모래지반의 전단강성의 변화정도를 용이하게 파악할 수 있었으며, 전단강성의 길이-깊이 방향에 대한 컨투어 도표는 강사법에 사용한 강사기의 문제점을 파악하는데 도움이 되었다. 이러한 모래 지반에서의 전단강성의 평가 실험으로 본 연구에서 제안한 토모그래픽 SASW 실험의 타당성 및 적용성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2018

The identification of damping ratios in buildings is a well-known problem and appears to be of important and crucial interest in the safety and serviceability design. When compared to an estimation of the stiffness, i.e. natural frequency, and mass, the damping ratio is the most difficult quantity to determine. Many previous studies have examined the characteristics of damping ratios from ambient vibration, but the measurement time is roughly within 2 hours. In this paper, characteristics of damping ratios and natural frequencies of 4 story RC building were investigated using long-term ambient vibration. Free vibrations were obtained using random decrement technique, and damping ratios were evaluated by the envelop function, continuous wavelet transform, and logarithmic decrement. It was found that although the natural frequencies show little variations with time, the damping ratios show some variations with time and the largest variations found in the damping ratios obtained from the continuous wavelet transform. The damping ratios from the envelop function showed the smallest mean and standard deviation. And the probability distribution of damping ratios seems to follow the logarithmic normal distribution.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제71권4호
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• pp.391-405
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• 2019

Compared to the ambient vibration test mainly identifying the structural modal parameters, such as frequency, damping and mode shapes, the impact testing, which benefits from measuring both impacting forces and structural responses, has the merit to identify not only the structural modal parameters but also more detailed structural parameters, in particular flexibility. However, in traditional impact tests, an impacting hammer or artificial excitation device is employed, which restricts the efficiency of tests on various bridge structures. To resolve this problem, we propose a new method whereby a moving vehicle is taken as a continuous exciter and develop a corresponding flexibility identification theory, in which the continuous wheel forces induced by the moving vehicle is considered as structural input and the acceleration response of the bridge as the output, thus a structural flexibility matrix can be identified and then structural deflections of the bridge under arbitrary static loads can be predicted. The proposed method is more convenient, time-saving and cost-effective compared with traditional impact tests. However, because the proposed test produces a spatially continuous force while classical impact forces are spatially discrete, a new flexibility identification theory is required, and a novel structural identification method involving with equivalent load distribution, the enhanced Frequency Response Function (eFRFs) construction and modal scaling factor identification is proposed to make use of the continuous excitation force to identify the basic modal parameters as well as the structural flexibility. Laboratory and numerical examples are given, which validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Furthermore, parametric analysis including road roughness, vehicle speed, vehicle weight, vehicle's stiffness and damping are conducted and the results obtained demonstrate that the developed method has strong robustness except that the relative error increases with the increase of measurement noise.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.868-873
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• 2004

Recently, The surface-wave method has widely been used for the site investigation due to the economic advantage and the improved reliability. The typical surface-wave methods currently available are SASW method, MASW method and CSW method. The CSW method has a potential of high-quality measurement, but its inherent problems limited its use to the special cases such as the compaction-quality control. The CSW method uses the steady-state harmonic vibration for the seismic source as in the steady-state Rayleigh-wave method, which is superior to the impact source used for other methods. This study proposed a new procedure to solve the inherent problems of the CSW method and to improve the reliability of the CSW measurements. To verify the validity of the proposed in this study, the SASW results were compared with the CSW results for the numerical simulation of the CSW testing. Also, the feasibility of the proposed method was verified using the field measurements at a geotechnical site.