• Title/Summary/Keyword: Context-Aware Model

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Improved Access Control using Context-Aware Security Service (상황인식 보안 서비스를 이용한 개선된 접근제어)

  • Yang, Seok-Hwan;Chung, Mok-Dong
    • Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.133-142
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    • 2010
  • As the ubiquitous technology has penetrated into almost every aspect of modern life, the research of the security technology to solve the weakness of security in the ubiquitous environment is received much attention. Because, however, today's security systems are usually based on the fixed rules, many security systems can not handle diverse situations in the ubiquitous environment appropriately. Although many existing researches on context aware security service are based on ACL (Access Control List) or RBAC (Role Based Access Control), they have an overhead in the management of security policy and can not manipulate unexpected situations. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a context-aware security service providing multiple authentications and authorization from a security level which is decided dynamically in a context-aware environment using FCM (Fuzzy C-Means) clustering algorithm and Fuzzy Decision Tree. We show proposed model can solve typical conflict problems of RBAC system due to the fixed rules and improve overhead problem in the security policy management. We expect to apply the proposed model to the various applications using contextual information of the user such as healthcare system, rescue systems, and so on.

Model Based Approach to Estimating Privacy Concerns for Context-Aware Services (상황인식서비스를 위한 모델 기반의 프라이버시 염려 예측)

  • Lee, Yon-Nim;Kwon, Oh-Byung
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.97-111
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    • 2009
  • Context-aware computing, as a core of smart space development, has been widely regarded as useful in realizing individual service provision. However, most of context-aware services so fat are in its early stage to be dispatched for actual usage in the real world, caused mainly by user's privacy concerns. Moreover, since legacy context-aware services have focused on acquiring in an automatic manner the extra-personal context such as location, weather and objects near by, the services are very limited in terms of quality and variety if the service should identify intra-personal context such as attitudes and privacy concern, which are in fact very useful to select the relevant and timely services to a user. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose a novel methodology to infer the user's privacy concern as intra-personal context in an intelligent manner. The proposed methodology includes a variety of stimuli from outside the person and then performs model-based reasoning with social theory models from model base to predict the user's level of privacy concern semi-automatically. To show the feasibility of the proposed methodology, a survey has been performed to examine the performance of the proposed methodology.

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Applying Ubiquitous Computing Technology to Proactive and Personalized Decision Support System (유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 기술을 적용한 차세대형 의사결정지원시스템)

  • Kwon, Oh-Byung;Yoo, Kee-Dong;Suh, Eui-Ho
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.195-218
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    • 2005
  • The emergence of ubiquitous computing environment will change the service architecture of business information systems such as Decision Support System(DSS), which will be a new application. Recent mobile DSSs allow the decision makers to be benefited from web and mobile technology. However, they seldom refer to context data, which are useful for proactive decision support. Meanwhile, ubiquitous applications so far provide restricted personalization service using context and preference of the user, that is, they do not fully make use of decision making capabilities. Hence, this paper aims to describe how the decision making capability and context-aware computing are jointly used to establish ubiquitous applications. To do so, an amended DSS paradigm: CKDDM(Context-Knowledge-Dialogue-Data-Model) is proposed in this paper. What will be considered for the future decision support systems when we regard ubiquitous computing technology as an inevitable impact that enforces the change of the way of making decisions are described. Under the CKDDM paradigm, a framework of ubiquitous decision support systems(ubiDSS) is addressed with the description of the subsystems within. To show the feasibility of ubiDSS, a prototype system, CAMA-myOpt(Context-Aware Multi Agent System-My Optimization) has been implemented as an illustrative example system.

Architecture Support for Context-aware Adaptation of Rich Sensing Smartphone Applications

  • Meng, Zhaozong
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.248-268
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    • 2018
  • The performance of smartphone applications are usually constrained in user interactions due to resource limitation and it promises great opportunities to improve the performance by exploring the smartphone built-in and embedded sensing techniques. However, heterogeneity in techniques, semantic gap between sensor data and usable context, and complexity of contextual situations keep the techniques from seamless integration. Relevant studies mainly focus on feasibility demonstration of emerging sensing techniques, which rarely address both general architectures and comprehensive technical solutions. Based on a proposed functional model, this investigation provides a general architecture to deal with the dynamic context for context-aware automation and decision support. In order to take advantage of the built-in sensors to improve the performance of mobile applications, an ontology-based method is employed for context modelling, linguistic variables are used for heterogeneous context presentation, and semantic distance-based rule matching is employed to customise functions to the contextual situations. A case study on mobile application authentication is conducted with smartphone built-in hardware modules. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed solutions and their effectiveness in improving operational efficiency.

Process and Location-aware Information Service System for the Disabled and the Elderly (장애인과 고령자를 위한 시공간 상황인식 기반의 정보서비스 제공 시스템)

  • Han, Man-Chul;Kim, Gun-Hee;Park, Hyun-Chul;Kim, Lae-Hyun;Ha, Sung-Do;Park, Se-Hyung
    • 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2009.02a
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    • pp.295-300
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    • 2009
  • This paper presents a context-aware information service system in public places that have complex processes, for the disabled and the elderly. The system infers context of a user which is derived from the user's demand, then it informs to the user -what to do, where to go-according to the context. Our system gets user's context from sensor data and informations from the local information system. The system provides more suitable information with a knowledge model, which organizes location and process data coordinately. The information is provided personally to the user, with mobile devices.

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Implementation of a context-awareness framework and context model for ubiquitous computing environment (유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경을 위한 상황 모델 정의 및 상황 인식 프레임워크 구현)

  • Lee Jung-Eun;Park Hyun-Jung;Park Doo-Kyung;Yoon Tae-Bok;Park Kyo-Hyun;Lee Jee-Hyong
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.423-429
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    • 2006
  • The systems in the ubiquitous computing environment need to provide users with context-aware services, intelligently interacting with the surrounding environment. Therefore, the systems in the ubiquitous computing environment require context-awareness ability in order to gather and analyze context information in various situations and environments. However, existing context-aware systems lack the ability to systematically generate and handle various types of context information, and only a few systems have ability learning from environment. In this paper, a general context model is defined to describe various contexts and a context-awareness framework is implemented based in the model, which makes it straightforward to handle and generate various types of context from diverse sensor. The framework is designed to allow a system to sensed, combined, inferred, and learned context information, in order to provide users with services in dynamic environments. We have implemented the proposed framework and applied it to a u-Health management system.

Fat Client-Based Abstraction Model of Unstructured Data for Context-Aware Service in Edge Computing Environment (에지 컴퓨팅 환경에서의 상황인지 서비스를 위한 팻 클라이언트 기반 비정형 데이터 추상화 방법)

  • Kim, Do Hyung;Mun, Jong Hyeok;Park, Yoo Sang;Choi, Jong Sun;Choi, Jae Young
    • KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.59-70
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    • 2021
  • With the recent advancements in the Internet of Things, context-aware system that provides customized services become important to consider. The existing context-aware systems analyze data generated around the user and abstract the context information that expresses the state of situations. However, these datasets is mostly unstructured and have difficulty in processing with simple approaches. Therefore, providing context-aware services using the datasets should be managed in simplified method. One of examples that should be considered as the unstructured datasets is a deep learning application. Processes in deep learning applications have a strong coupling in a way of abstracting dataset from the acquisition to analysis phases, it has less flexible when the target analysis model or applications are modified in functional scalability. Therefore, an abstraction model that separates the phases and process the unstructured dataset for analysis is proposed. The proposed abstraction utilizes a description name Analysis Model Description Language(AMDL) to deploy the analysis phases by each fat client is a specifically designed instance for resource-oriented tasks in edge computing environments how to handle different analysis applications and its factors using the AMDL and Fat client profiles. The experiment shows functional scalability through examples of AMDL and Fat client profiles targeting a vehicle image recognition model for vehicle access control notification service, and conducts process-by-process monitoring for collection-preprocessing-analysis of unstructured data.

A Research on a Context-Awareness Middleware for Intelligent Homes (지능적인 홈을 위한 상황인식 미들웨어에 대한 연구)

  • Choi Jonghwa;Choi Soonyong;Shin Dongkyoo;Shin Dongil
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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    • v.11A no.7 s.91
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    • pp.529-536
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    • 2004
  • Smart homes integrated with sensors, actuators, wireless networks and context-aware middleware will soon become part of our daily life. This paper describes a context-aware middleware providing an automatic home service based on a user's preference. The context-aware middle-ware utilizes 6 basic data for learning and predicting the user's preference on the multimedia content : the pulse, the body temperature, the facial expression, the room temperature, the time, and the location. The six data sets construct the context model and are used by the context manager module. The log manager module maintains history information for multimedia content chosen by the user. The user-pattern learning and pre-dicting module based on a neural network predicts the proper home service for the user. The testing results show that the pattern of an in-dividual's preferences can be effectively evaluated and predicted by adopting the proposed context model.

Context Prediction Using Right and Wrong Patterns to Improve Sequential Matching Performance for More Accurate Dynamic Context-Aware Recommendation (보다 정확한 동적 상황인식 추천을 위해 정확 및 오류 패턴을 활용하여 순차적 매칭 성능이 개선된 상황 예측 방법)

  • Kwon, Oh-Byung
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.51-67
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    • 2009
  • Developing an agile recommender system for nomadic users has been regarded as a promising application in mobile and ubiquitous settings. To increase the quality of personalized recommendation in terms of accuracy and elapsed time, estimating future context of the user in a correct way is highly crucial. Traditionally, time series analysis and Makovian process have been adopted for such forecasting. However, these methods are not adequate in predicting context data, only because most of context data are represented as nominal scale. To resolve these limitations, the alignment-prediction algorithm has been suggested for context prediction, especially for future context from the low-level context. Recently, an ontological approach has been proposed for guided context prediction without context history. However, due to variety of context information, acquiring sufficient context prediction knowledge a priori is not easy in most of service domains. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose a novel context prediction methodology, which does not require a priori knowledge, and to increase accuracy and decrease elapsed time for service response. To do so, we have newly developed pattern-based context prediction approach. First of ail, a set of individual rules is derived from each context attribute using context history. Then a pattern consisted of results from reasoning individual rules, is developed for pattern learning. If at least one context property matches, say R, then regard the pattern as right. If the pattern is new, add right pattern, set the value of mismatched properties = 0, freq = 1 and w(R, 1). Otherwise, increase the frequency of the matched right pattern by 1 and then set w(R,freq). After finishing training, if the frequency is greater than a threshold value, then save the right pattern in knowledge base. On the other hand, if at least one context property matches, say W, then regard the pattern as wrong. If the pattern is new, modify the result into wrong answer, add right pattern, and set frequency to 1 and w(W, 1). Or, increase the matched wrong pattern's frequency by 1 and then set w(W, freq). After finishing training, if the frequency value is greater than a threshold level, then save the wrong pattern on the knowledge basis. Then, context prediction is performed with combinatorial rules as follows: first, identify current context. Second, find matched patterns from right patterns. If there is no pattern matched, then find a matching pattern from wrong patterns. If a matching pattern is not found, then choose one context property whose predictability is higher than that of any other properties. To show the feasibility of the methodology proposed in this paper, we collected actual context history from the travelers who had visited the largest amusement park in Korea. As a result, 400 context records were collected in 2009. Then we randomly selected 70% of the records as training data. The rest were selected as testing data. To examine the performance of the methodology, prediction accuracy and elapsed time were chosen as measures. We compared the performance with case-based reasoning and voting methods. Through a simulation test, we conclude that our methodology is clearly better than CBR and voting methods in terms of accuracy and elapsed time. This shows that the methodology is relatively valid and scalable. As a second round of the experiment, we compared a full model to a partial model. A full model indicates that right and wrong patterns are used for reasoning the future context. On the other hand, a partial model means that the reasoning is performed only with right patterns, which is generally adopted in the legacy alignment-prediction method. It turned out that a full model is better than a partial model in terms of the accuracy while partial model is better when considering elapsed time. As a last experiment, we took into our consideration potential privacy problems that might arise among the users. To mediate such concern, we excluded such context properties as date of tour and user profiles such as gender and age. The outcome shows that preserving privacy is endurable. Contributions of this paper are as follows: First, academically, we have improved sequential matching methods to predict accuracy and service time by considering individual rules of each context property and learning from wrong patterns. Second, the proposed method is found to be quite effective for privacy preserving applications, which are frequently required by B2C context-aware services; the privacy preserving system applying the proposed method successfully can also decrease elapsed time. Hence, the method is very practical in establishing privacy preserving context-aware services. Our future research issues taking into account some limitations in this paper can be summarized as follows. First, user acceptance or usability will be tested with actual users in order to prove the value of the prototype system. Second, we will apply the proposed method to more general application domains as this paper focused on tourism in amusement park.

A Study of Integration Modelling for Context-aware Service Based on Ontology (온톨로지 기반의 상황인지 서비스를 위한 통합 모델에 관한 연구)

  • Hwang, Chi-Gon;Yoon, Chang-Pyo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2015.05a
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    • pp.253-255
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    • 2015
  • In a variety of network environments, the provision of context-aware services, it is difficult to integrate and share because of the heterogeneity problem between distributed data. This paper proposes the integration model using the ontology as a method for solving the above. This uses an ontology to integrate the context-aware informations that are collected. The ontology is generated by the acquisition, semantic analysis and inference of the metadata of the context-aware information. This is the basis of the analysis and analysis of the additional system. Accordingly, this paper studies ways to create an ontology and apply them. The advantage of the proposed scheme can be used without modifying the existing tools, it is possible to easily perform the expansion and consolidation of the system.

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