• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.268-276
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• 2008

The status of contaminated soils vary widely ; therefore, the techniques and equipment applicable to the soil concerned should be selected and used after careful consideration. Hyundai Soil Washing is physical-chemical separation based on mining and mineral processing principles for removing a broad range of organic and inorganic contaminants from soil. Mobile plant(capacity 15 tons./hr) was installed for this project. The goals of this project were 1) to verify the applicability of the washing process, which showed reliable results in the pilot plant with various kind of contaminated soils and 2) to promote recycling of the washed soil as a backfill on site. The results revealed that $F^-$ and $Pb^{2+}$ in the soil were effectively washed out to a certain level which washed soil was acceptable for recyeling.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.909-910
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• 2007

The volatile organic compounds exposure is governed by the source distance and dispersion of the pollutant into air and groundwater. The purpose of this study was to validate suggested models for the prediction of concentration distributions. The study design was organized into different methods to simulate industry site. The distribution models generally showed a fair agreement with measured data. For graphical representation of concentration of volatile hydrocarbon, it has to obtain a continuous representation of the contamination of the site. Therefore, the used interpolative methods examined for this project are the IDW(inverse Distance Weighting) and kriging method. In the results, in summary, all two different methods can be used to quantify exposures at a particular source area, and thus provide, a solid foundation for making risk-based decisions. All the calculations can be performed using Excel's built-in functions, and the capabilities of geospatial analysis allow the results to be displayed visually. However, anyone who uses these methods should understand all of the assumptions and limitation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.325-338
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• 1993

This study was conducted to evaluate the methods used in nursing procedures for infection control. Skilled nursing procedures are related to prevention of hospital infection. The sample consisted of 301 nurses’ response to the questionnaire. Data were collected from Feb. to March, 1993 from 35 hospitals located in five major cities. The findings of the study are as follows : 1) Rotatively unsafe nursing procedures were reported for preperation of IV therapy, change of IV site and aseptic dressing on IV site, hand wash-ing and use of paper towels, use of sterile urine bottle with indwelling urinary catheter, management of dressing cart, disinfection of transfer forcep, ambu respirator, laryngoscope, humidifier and handling of incubator. 2) Relatively safe nursing procedures were reported for management of suction tube, marking for contaminated materials and waste collection. The rate of participation in education programs for infection control by the nurses was higher than in other research results. 3) Further study on procedures for IV site in-fusion and care of dressing cart are recommended.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Groundwater Environment
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.85-89
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• 1994

Groundwater and soil contamination by the leak of leachates from the waste disposal site (WDS) is one of the serious environmental problems, and leachates are generally produced by the biogeochmical decomposition and/or precipitation in the WDS. At the Sindae-dong waste disposal site in Taejon, the average Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations in the surrounding soils are higher than those in other Korean soils but these are not high enough to cause any harmful effect to man through the crop plants. Copper, Pb and Zn are not detected in the groundwater samples but the pH of the sample is 5.6 which is not suitable for the drinking water. In contaminated soil samples, the heavy metal concentrations are higher in subsurface soil than in surface soil and it may be influenced by the leachates in groundwater. With the electric resistivity method, the water contains layers are found in contaminated soils and the resistivity values are considerably low because of the dispersion of plume by the leak of leachates. According to the distance from the leak point of leachate, resistivity values increased and heavy metal concentraions in soils decreased due to the reduction of plume.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1-11
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the performance of four commercial chemical agents in stabilizing arsenic (As) in soil at the forest area near the former Janghang smelter site. After amending the stabilizing agents (A, B, C, and D) into As-contaminated soil samples, synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP) and solubility bioavailability research consortium (SBRC)-extractable As concentrations significantly decreased except for agent D, which is mainly composed of fly ash and calcium carbonate. Increase of SPLP and SBRC-extractable As concentrations in four soil samples (S1, S2, S3, and J2) was attributed to desorption of As adsorbed on iron oxides due to high pH generated by agent D. It is therefore necessary to consider application conditions according to soil characteristics such as pH and buffering capacity. Results of sequential extraction showed that readily extractable fractions of As in soil (i.e., sum of $SO_4-$ and $PO_4-extractable$ As in soil) were converted into non-readily extractable fractions by amending agents A, B, and C. Such changes in the As distribution in soil resulted in the decrease of SPLP and SBRC-extractable As concentration. A series of follow-up monitoring and management plan has been suggested to assess the longevity of the stabilization treatments in the site.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2000.03b
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• pp.273-280
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• 2000

In recent years there has been a steady increase in geoenvironmental engineering projects where geotechnical engineering has been combined with environmental concerns. Many of these projects involve some investigation of contaminant in the ground. There are many techniques such as geophysical, drilling, sampling, md pushing techniques for investigation of contaminated ground. The most rapidly developing site characterization techniques for geoenvironmental purposes involve direct push technology, that is, penetration tests. The purpose of this study investigated underground oil storage tanks(USTs) using the envi-cone penetrometer system. The electrical resistivity sensor, pH sensor, ORP sensor, and thermometer are installed in envi-cone penetrometer system. This envi-cone penetrometer system provides a continuous profile of measurements, and it is rapid, repeatable, reliable and cost effective for investigation of contaminated ground surrounding the underground oil storage tanks.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.197-204
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• 1999

The extent of heavy metal pollution in agricultural in soils near the abandoned mine land site was investigated using their concentrations from the 47 sampling sites in B mine. Samples were prepared using 0.1N HCI - Korean Standard Methods - and then analysed for Cd, Cu, Pb, As and Cr by Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometer. In addition, soil and mine tailing samples were sequentially extracted to investigate the chemical speciation of heavy metals in them. The soils in the vicinity of mining area are highly contaminated by heavy metals ranging up to 5.96mg Cd/kg, 253.3mg Cu/kg, 76.7mg Pb/kg, and 15.45 mg As/kg, according to the analysis of Korean Standard Methods. The heavy metal levels by the sequential extraction are much higher than its level by Korean Standard Methods, and little correlated with each other. Based on the results, it is suggested that the As pollution in agricultural soils near the AMLS should be dealt as of prior significance in establishing reclamation strategies for the area.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.125-128
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• 2000

Recently, development of advanced soil monitoring technology has became essential for effective site remediation. Soil gas evaluation is simple and powerful technology which can reduce the environmental impact during the survey of VOC contaminated area. In this research, the feasibility test of SnO$_2$ceramic gas sensor is conducted to improve soil gas measurement technology. As a result, it is successfully proved that this gas sensor has an possibility for soil gas monitoring.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.57-66
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• 2001

Marine organisms such as fish (Sebastes schlegeli) and mussels were cultured in sea water tanks placed at Dukpo area which was contaminated by the two oil spill accidents. Results showed that PAHs concentrations in flesh tissue were higher than in fish fiver. This was explained by the cytochrome P45O 1A induction in fish limier after PAHs exposure. Other studies showed that higher PAHs levels were detected in mussels cultures in oil contaminated area than in control site. From these results, we concluded that Dukpo area is still polluted by oil including PAHs and it takes a long time to recover of oil contamination after the oil spill accidents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2001.09a
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• pp.111-114
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• 2001

Thermal desorption process is valuable for the remediation of oil contaminated site. The system is physical separation process by volatizing oil contaminants from soil matrixes and is not designed to provide high levels of oil destruction. The process is not incineration, because the decomposition of oil materials is not the desired result, although some decomposition may occur. The physical and chemical properties that influence the design and operation of the system include boiling points, soil sorption characteristics, aqueous phase solubility, thermal stability, contaminating oil concentration, moisture contents, particle size distribution and etc.