• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.141-151
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• 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study is to improve the accessibility of Korean medicine by standardizing managements, improving quality of medical services, and reducing medical costs in ankle sprain by develop clinical pathway (CP). Methods The development of CP in this study is based on clinical practice guideline (CPG) for ankle sprain, and aims to maximize the quality of treatment, such as reducing treatment time and medical costs, and increasing patient satisfaction through standardized pathway. The CP was revised after consultation and review by the advisory committee. The advisory committee is consisted of a stakeholder group applying the CP. Results In previous research studies, there were no Korean medicine CP studies on ankle sprain. Based on CPG for ankle sprain and analysis of medical records, 6 types of time task matrix type CP (for Korean medicine doctors, medical assistant, patients) and 4 types of algorithm type CP (for Korean medicine clinics, Korean medicine hospitals, and cooperative practicing hospitals, public medical centers) were derived as a result. Conclusions Ankle sprain CP is expected to not only increase patient satisfaction and maximize the quality of treatment, but also reduce the financial burden of health insurance by reducing medical costs.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.35-45
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• 2009

Emergency medical center(EMC) is the place for patients who need medical treatment immediately due to a disease, childbirth, or all sorts of accidents. Currently, most of EMCs use temporary beds because regular EMC beds cannot afford to serve all incoming patients. However, since it decreases the quality of service(QoS) of EMC patients and their guardians and efficiency of the EMC, some improvements are highly required to diminish the usage of temporary beds. The system duration time is one of the typical QoSs. This thesis proposes the information which is critical to make a better decision for cut down the number of temporary beds without sacrificing QoS of patients. The key point is to control the duration time of medical treatments for the consultation and hospitalization process, since it is the major reason of overcrowding in EMC and the usage of temporary beds. In this paper, we proposed an Arena simulation model reflecting real world substantially. Arena is one of the most widely accepted simulation softwares in the world. Using the developed model, we can obtain the optimal EMC operation parameters through simulation experiments. Optquest, included in the Arena, is used to make the developed simulation model collaborate with an optimization model. The results showed one can determine the set of optimal operation parameters decreasing the required number of temporary beds without deteriorating EMC patient's QoS.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.292-304
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• 1999

The lengthened average span of human life by virtue of recent developments in medicine has caused the Population of elders to increase. The development of modern industrial society has transformed family structure from the large family system to that of a nuclear family. Due to the shift in family structure, the problem of support for the aged has surfaced as a nursing problem as well as a social problem. With regard to this problem, this study aims to investigate the adolescent's understanding of elders and aging. By identifying their understanding and classifying their attitude patterns, this study will help the nursing assessment of the support of elders in the family. This study employed Q-methodology and the research was conducted from December 1998 to May 1999. One method of the research included deep interviews with elders, those who are in their 50's. 40's or 30's. and the adolescent. 183 Q-Populations taken from literary works such as poems or novels were also formed as another method. Finally. 36 Q-cards were made after consultation with Professors of the nursing department. The subjects of the P- sample were 30 high sohoolboys/girls - who were in first, second, and third years. The result showed that 3 factors provided an explanation for 59.14% of the whole variables: the first factor, 41.37%; the second factor. 11.49%, and the third factor. 6.28%. These three factors were analyzed and categorized as three types. Twenty subjects out of the 30 were included in Type 1: Respecting Elders. The statements which showed the most positive consent were as follows: 'The declining age is a perfect time to prosper completing a worthy life' ; 'Getting old. one needs financial stability' and 'Elders wish the best for their children' The statements showing the most negative response were as follows: 'It is better to die than to live as an older person' ; 'Elders are insignificant' ; and 'Getting old is the worst unhappiness that tortures human.' Four subjects were included in Type 2. Resenting Elders. The statements which showed the most positive consent were as follows: 'Aging is a process of dying that nobody can escape from'. 'Elders should be concerned about his health and try to maintain their health' ; and 'When you set older. you regret about the life in the Past.' The statements showing the most negative response were as follows: 'When You get older. You should stand aloof greed and worldly things' 'When You got older, You become generous and gentle' ; and 'When You set he gets old. You change to become a comfortable and warm person.' Six out of 30 subject were included in Type 3 Caring Elders. The statements which showed the most positive consent were as follows: 'Elders should be concerned about his health and try to maintain their health' ; 'Elders wish the best for their children' ; and 'Elders deserve to be treated with filial respects.' The statements showing the most negative response were as follows 'Elders are insignificant' ; 'Elders have freedom and plenty of free time.' and 'Elders are alienated form and drove out of the society.' The above-mentioned results show that most adolescents in Korea recognize aging as the time of fruition and development: it is a time of benefiting and giving back to society. Aging can also be seen as a time of generosity and magnanimity and the time of respect and favorable treatment from society. despite the change of modern society and the ostensible transformation of a family system. Their recognition seems deeply rooted in the traditional confucian values and the dual family system which is Peculiar especially to the Korea - one which maintains both the superficial form of nuclear family and the substantial mode of the enlarged family system. In sum, many Korean adolescents attribute the meaning of the elderly and aging to the type of the respect with the elderly and the type of the elderly's caretaking.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.176-189
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze self-regulation about changing heart rate and perceived arousal variation when actors start their performance. Object of this study were 5 actors who belong to the theater selected using the purposive sampling method. This study used a measuring instrument of heart rate to measure arousal status, used behavior observation paper to observe and record self-regulation behavior and executed personal consultation after ending performance. There was graph mad by variation transition which calculated average and standard deviation about variation of heart rate each time of performance. The results of this study were as follows. First, there were high variation of awake level that actor's heart rates were rising before starting performance and the most high level of arousal was from 20minutes to 5minutes before starting performance. Second, there were self-regulation behaviors appeared such as deep breathing, breath controling, self talking, talking with other actors, concentrating an script, going to toilet, smoking, checking closes before starting performance. Third, when performance start, actors used psychological self-regulational method such as relaxation, self concentration, confidence reinforcement, coping with state or accommodation for controling raised arousal status.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.351-361
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• 1995

The main purpose of the study is to identify critical risk factors for development of a family assessment tool to screen high risk family. This study used a conceptual framework of family diagnosis developed by Eui-sook Kim's (1993) and analyzed risk factors to identify the high risk family. As employing a explorative and methodological study design, this study has four stages. 1. In the first stage, 34 family risk factors were identified by doing intensive literature review on conceptual framework of family diagnoses. 2. In the second stage, above risk factors were tested for content validity by consultation with 29 persons in community health nursing, nursing education, family theory, and social work. 3. In the third stage, existing survey data was used for actual application of the identified risk factors. The survey data used for this purpose was previously collected for the community diagnosis in a region of Seoul. At the final stage, through the comparison between high risk and low risk families, initially identified 34 risk factors decreased to 25 risk factors. Among 34 risk factors, six factors did not agree with content of questionnaries sand two factors were not significant in differentiating the high risk family Also, two risk factors showed high correlation between themselves, so only one of those two factors was chosen. As a result, twenty-five risk factors chosen to identify the high risk family are following ; 1. A single parent family due to divorce or death of a partner, or unweded single mother 2. A family with an unrelated household members 3. A family with a working mother with a young child 4. A family with no regular income 5. A family with no rule in family or too strict rules 6. A family with little or no support from other lam-ily members 7. A family with little or no support from friends or relatives 8. A family with little or no time to share with each other 9. A family with family history of hypertension, diabetus, cancer 10. A family with a sick person 11. A family with a mentally ill person 12. A family with a disabled person 13. A family with an alcoholic person 14. A family with a excessive smoker who smokes more than 1 pack / day 15. A family with too much salt intake in their diet. 16. A family with inappropriate management skills for family health 17. A family with high utilization of drug store than hospital to solve the health problems of the family 18. A family with disharmony between husband and wife 19. A family with conflicts among the family members 20. A family with unequal division of labor among family members 21. An authoritative family structure 22. A socially isolated family 23. The location of house is not residential area 24. A family with high risk of accidents 25. The drinking water and sewage systems are not hygienic. The main implication of the results of this study is clinical use. The high risk factors can be used to identify the high risk family effectively and efficiently. The use of high risk factors woule contribute to develop a conceptual framework of family diagnosis in Korea and the list of risk factors need to be revised continuously. Further researches are needed to develop an index of weight of each risk factor and to validate the risk factors.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.97-104
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• 2020

The study participants selected three participants in their late 40s and conducted a total of six sessions and in-depth interviews for 90 minutes to collect and analyze data using the phenomenological Giorgi research method. The conclusion according to the research results was drawn as follows. First, the shame, fear, reprimand, violence, passive attitude, and childhood that had to be adjusted seemed to maintain a stable life in the late forties, but still appeared in the present life. It was found that they showed a low self-satisfaction rather than positive satisfaction with self-concept and pursued an ideal self-image. Second, lifestyle was a time of severe depression, lethargy, and emptiness as a child, experiencing an unstable childhood due to a violent family, loss of attachment, overprotection, difficult economic conditions, and parental strife. It has been found that in the late forties, families have been established and religious life is being stabilized, and the responsibility for the family is valued. This shows how a lifestyle that gives meaning and recognizes what experience gives meaning to the childhood that one experienced. Insight into change and growth in middle-aged life, searching for and interpreting the initial recollections that they have experienced, accompanied by social and psychological changes in middle-aged men, discovering inappropriate meanings and goals and preparing for a second life in the age of 100 It is meaningful to provide.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.202-209
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• 2017

Background No consensus exists on the optimal treatment protocol for orofacial clefts or the optimal timing of cleft palate closure. This study investigated factors influencing speech outcomes after two-stage palate repair in adults with a non-syndromal complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Methods This was a retrospective analysis of adult patients with a UCLP who underwent two-stage palate closure and were treated at our tertiary cleft centre. Patients ${\geq}17$ years of age were invited for a final speech assessment. Their medical history was obtained from their medical files, and speech outcomes were assessed by a speech pathologist during the follow-up consultation. Results Forty-eight patients were included in the analysis, with a mean age of 21 years (standard deviation, 3.4 years). Their mean age at the time of hard and soft palate closure was 3 years and 8.0 months, respectively. In 40% of the patients, a pharyngoplasty was performed. On a 5-point intelligibility scale, 84.4% received a score of 1 or 2; meaning that their speech was intelligible. We observed a significant correlation between intelligibility scores and the incidence of articulation errors (P<0.001). In total, 36% showed mild to moderate hypernasality during the speech assessment, and 11%-17% of the patients exhibited increased nasalance scores, assessed through nasometry. Conclusions The present study describes long-term speech outcomes after two-stage palatoplasty with hard palate closure at a mean age of 3 years old. We observed moderate long-term intelligibility scores, a relatively high incidence of persistent hypernasality, and a high pharyngoplasty incidence.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2003

Objective: This study was conducted for the nationwide statistical survey of poison exposure to provide the rationale for establishing and developing the poison control center (PCC) in Korea. Design: Study group for Korea PCC in National Medical Center reviewed the medical literature on poison exposure of Korea from death reports of National Statistical Office (NSO), the toxic exposure statistics from the report of National Health Insurance Corporation (NHIC), and poison related data from 119 ambulance services (FD) for the purpose of obtaining the poison and its related data. We also conducted questionnaire from the expert who work in emergency medicine department at the designated 320 emergency medical centers in Korea for the preparedness and acknowledgement about necessity of PCC and their need for that. Results: We reviewed the reliable data from the death report of NSO, poison exposure data from NHIC, and running report from FD. Poisoning death occured at home ($36.7\%$) and hospital ($46.3\%$). Poisoning are more common in rural area than the city area. Patients were seen more frequently in the local clinics than in any hospital. The drugs ($45.7\%$) and pesticide ($18.1\%$) are common poison. Common place to poison exposure were residential area ($39.9\%$), industry ($9\%$). mass residential area ($7\%$). and farm ($6\%$). The education level were primary school ($33.2\%$), high school ($23.7\%$), and middle schol ($21.3\%$) in order. We have to provide the poison guideline for lay public to understand easily, and for medical experts. The medical facilities need to be invested and have more interest for toxicology. All medical staff who work in the designated emergency medical center want PCC to establish. They want to have poison information from hospital ($91.3\%$), regional poison information center ($45.0\%$), regional poison control center ($52.5\%$), nationwide poison information center ($48.8\%$), nationwide poison control center ($46.25\%$), as a role of poison control center. They also want that pcc have poison epidemiologic study and statstics, training program for the experts, registration of rare case of posion on website, reflection of policies to activities for antidote production etc., speedy consultation system for poison analysis, public education, establishment of both regional and national pee, etc. Conclusion: Poison center must be established to provide poison information for all the public and medical experitise, focusing rural area and private clinic, to detoxify, to reduce the cost, time, morbity, and mortality through the whole country.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.106-114
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• 2019

This study aims to identify the effects of experiencing health promotion education on the present health status of elderly people. The subjects of this study were a total 10,532 elderly people (aged 65 years or older), and who were selected from the data of the '2017 Community Health Survey'. The health promotion education experience consisted of handwashing education/campaign, a non-smoking campaign and non-smoking education. The chronic disease control education experience consisted of education on hypertension, diabetes mellitus and arthritis. Psychiatric counseling consisted of consultations on stress, depression and suicide. The present health status consisted of the patients' ability to exercise, their self-care ability, their activities of daily living, their pain/discomfort and their anxiety/depression. The data was analyzed utilizing the chi-square test, the Mann-Whitney test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The general characteristics of the subjects were 4,075 males (38.69%) and 6,457 females (61.31%). The average age was 73.71(±6.18) years old. The significant factors influencing the elderly peoples' present health status were age (OR=0.909, 95% CI=0.886-0.933), handwashing education/campaign (OR=2.463, 95% CI=1.703-3.563), a stop smoking campaign (OR=1.624, 95% CI=1.146-2.301) and consultation for mental problems (OR=0.533, 95% CI=0.359-0.791). In conclusion, to modify the personal habits that the elderly have had for a long time and to show the effects of education, long-term continuous education that focuses on the characteristics of the people will be effective.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.174-186
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• 1996

This study was carried out in order to understand the plan, design, constructing and actual condition of management of modernized horticultural facilities in Kyungpook Province which had been constructed from 1992 to 1995 funded by Government support. The aim of this study is to provide reference data for success of the forth project. It was performed by making up a question about driving of project and management condition of equipment after constructing. The results obtained from this study are as follows: 1. 73.5% of facilities horticulture farmhouse recognized that the prospect of greenhouse is bright, but 92.5% of the farmhouse also recognised that they need technical consultation on protected horticulture farming. Therefore, technical educations would must be enhanced about foundation of greenhouse and cultivation technique. 2. The holding times of explanatory meetings, cause of understanding to farmhouse, were one or two times in greenhouse construction, and 62.5% of the farmhouse expressed the insufficiency at the explanation and educational data. For this reason, it was judged that the construction contract had been delayed more than 5 months in 49.3% of the farmhouse after the decision of project budget. 3. In constructing after a contract, the rates of construction delay is 53.4% and defect occurrence is 41.1%. The biggest reasons of construction delay was insufficiency of worker and materials supply. Each percentage is 29.1%. And the reason of defect occurrence is badness of machinery equipment(62.9% ). 4. In management of greenhouse, a pipe-constructed plastic film greenhouse changes plastic film every one and three years because of sticking dust on plastic film. It was needed to about in cleaning technique of coverings. Because that used 3-5 years only half of the expected life span. 5. The order of broken rating in the subsidiary equipment is like this lollop ventilator (42.8%), a general control system(33.3%) especially, in the case of a general control system, the rate of all family can control is 52.7%. so, it is time to develop easy control equipment which every one could use as soon as possible. 6. When choose heat generator as decide capacity, the most priority is the mount of heat generator the percent is 45.5% heat generator and as decide model, the private purchase's percent is 77.3%. It is higher than a public bidding heat generator the percent is 22.7% heat generator when it compare with a public bidding. In the case of $CO_2$ generator, using rate is only 19.0%. The using rate is very low, so it needs education how to use depends on the way of the subsidiary equipment. 7. In the case of seedlings, it is asked to use factory-processed seedling effectively. because it's difficult to get security of labors(58.8%), hoped crops (55.9%) access same crops(29.4%) much more and changing of crops depends on market situation. that is the main reason the lack of knowhow.