• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.11-22
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• 2024

Power plant engineering industry obtains EPC plan project and delivers results about electricity, measurement, machinery, and piping and so on. Its works are taken by projects. Although power plant engineering composes 2~5% of whole EPC project cost, it's one of the fundamentals because it affects process after planning step a lot. However, domestic power plant engineering companies' project performance ability is insufficient and there's a need for systematic performance. Thus, this study defined related factors of successful performance and analyzed the priority among them through analytical hierarchy process. All respondents recognized experience, knowledge, and communication as important factors. Administrators considered knowledge, experience, and communication. But hands-on workers considered experience, knowledge, human resources. Those who have experience in oversea project considered process, experience, human resources. However those who don't have experience in oversea project considered knowledge, experience, and communication. Recognition of important factors varies by the position and work experience of members.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.59-66
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• 2011

A variety of risks caused by natural, technological and biological hazards threaten a business continuity of an organization. Business continuity is very important issue for all organizations and its proper management may control success and failure of an organization. Business continuity plan (BCP) may be defined as a management process which provides a business continuity. BCP includes risk management, operational continuity plan, response/ recovery, exercise/study and crisis communication, etc. Risk management is a systematic method to identify, analyze, evaluate and treat emergency risks and risk assessment is composed of identifying, analyzing and evaluating emergency risks. Risk assesment is the first step for making BCP. In this study, risk assessment has been conducted for sewer laying project. Through assessing risks, 18 risks that may threaten the construction operation are identified and it is founded to be that high levels of risks which require treatment are 'collapse of excavation surface', 'breakage of ground infra-facilities', 'noise & dust dispersion' and 'rise of material costs'.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.69-79
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• 2012

This pre-supported nail method is able to decrease ground displacements more than NATM because this method reinforces ground with grouted steels before tunnel excavation. Therefore this method has advantage of being able to increase the stability and workability. This study presents applicability of pre-supported nail method with case of site measurement for shallow tunnel composed with high groundwater level and unconsolidated soil, performs this research the mechanism of new supporting system is compared with the conventional existing supporting system in terms of soil reinforcement. NATM has characteristics that construction stage displacement of the apparent height difference is observed in the step of divided excavation processing. Otherwise it is analyzed that pre-supported nail method is not sensitive in the displacement problem of excavation processing in comparison to NATM. It is found that this method is very applicable in shallow depth tunnel such as portal area, tunnel in soil and weak zone without arching effect.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.135-145
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• 2011

Accurate process characterization and optimization are the first step for a successful advanced process control (APC), and they should be followed by continuous monitoring and control in order to run manufacturing processes most efficiently. In this paper, process characterization and recipe optimization methods with multiple outputs are presented in high density plasma-chemical vapor deposition (HDP-CVD) silicon dioxide deposition process. Five controllable process variables of Top $SiH_4$, Bottom $SiH_4$, $O_2$, Top RF Power, and Bottom RF Power, and two responses of interest, such as deposition rate and uniformity, are simultaneously considered employing both statistical response surface methodology (RSM) and neural networks (NNs) based genetic algorithm (GA). Statistically, two phases of experimental design was performed, and the established statistical models were optimized using performance index (PI). Artificial intelligently, NN process model with two outputs were established, and recipe synthesis was performed employing GA. Statistical RSM offers minimum numbers of experiment to build regression models and response surface models, but the analysis of the data need to satisfy underlying assumption and statistical data analysis capability. NN based-GA does not require any underlying assumption for data modeling; however, the selection of the input data for the model establishment is important for accurate model construction. Both statistical and artificial intelligent methods suggest competitive characterization and optimization results in HDP-CVD $SiO_2$ deposition process, and the NN based-GA method showed 26% uniformity improvement with 36% less $SiH_4$ gas usage yielding 20.8 ${\AA}/sec$ deposition rate.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.114-123
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• 2012

This study is aimed to assess the stability of cable bridge by determining the geometric shape of the suspension bridge among the domestic coastal structures in public use after their completion of construction and the displacement of the target suspension bridge after public use. For this purpose, this study calculated the length between pylon piers for each period, sag, sag ratio and the displacement of pylon. Compared to the management standards for each step across different pylon behaviors of the target suspension bridge, this study found that the target suspension bridge behaves stably within the maintenance standards. To identify the behaviors of a suspension bridge accurately, the priority is put on the determination of geometric shape. Therefore, it is required to determine the surveyed shape model on a regular basis across public use period and increased traffics, which is expected to contribute considerably to ensuring the stability of the suspension bridge in its maintenance.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.221-231
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• 1996

The planting plan for the establishment of Eco-bridge were suggested to restore the ecosystem where has been ecologically isolated by rood construction in Chimgogae of Odaesan National Park. Eco-bridge contributes as a corridors to the faunal movement. To survey the vegetation, 16 plots within 6 sites were selected and 10 by 10 meters in size set up. In the results of Chingogae's vegetation analysis, succession trends was from Quercus mongolica to Carpinus laxiflora, Carpinus cordata, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Tilia amurensis and so on. It turned out that the nearer sites had high similariyt and vegetation continuity obviously in the similarity index analysis. In the analysis of the number of species and individuals, final step of planting plan needs about 15 species and 10~12 trees, 17~18 subtrees and 100 shrubs in size 100m$^{2}$. Planting species was selected from adjacent sites. The plant species suited for the eco-bridge establishment in this area can be suggested such as Carpinus cordata, Cornus controversa, Q. mongolica etc. and 12 subtree and shrub such as Syringa reticulata var. mandshurica, Sambucus williacsii var. coreaca, Acer pseudosieboldianum and so on.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2004.08c
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• pp.814-818
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• 2004

Off-line handwritten character recognition is in difficulty of incomplete preprocessing because it has not dynamic and timing information besides has various handwriting, extreme overlap of the consonant and vowel and many error image of stroke. Consequently off-line handwritten character recognition needs to study about preprocessing of various methods such as binarization and thinning. This paper considers running time of watershed algorithm and the quality of resulting image as preprocessing For off-line handwritten Korean character recognition. So it proposes application of effective watershed algorithm for segmentation of character region and background region in gray level character image and segmentation function for binarization image and segmentation function for binarization by extracted watershed image. Besides it proposes thinning methods which effectively extracts skeleton through conditional test mask considering running time and quality. of skeleton, estimates efficiency of existing methods and this paper's methods as running time and quality. Watershed image conversion uses prewitt operator for gradient image conversion, extracts local minima considering 8-neighborhood pixel. And methods by using difference of mean value is used in region merging step, Converted watershed image by means of this methods separates effectively character region and background region applying to segmentation function. Average execution time on the previous method was 2.16 second and on this paper method was 1.72 second. We prove that this paper's method removed noise effectively with overlap stroke as compared with the previous method.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.7 no.3 s.16
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• pp.87-105
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• 1998

Surveying the literature of architecture since the nineteenth century, one can identify two dominant but problematic attitudes, among several, that pursue the task of defining what modern architecture is and should be. The first is the search for meaning and the second is the pursuit of form. This study, following Michel Foucault, asserts that the dual formation of meaning and form is a historical product of modernity and belies architecture's uncritical dependence on language since the nineteenth century. This study is a critique and historical analysis of this pernicious reliance, and constitutes a first step towards thinking of alternative relations between 'words and architecture' in the modern world. In reconstructing this problematic, the paper has called on Foucault's seminal The Order of Things. The study follows his construction of the Renaissance, the Classical and the Modern episteme, and in brief fashion, reconstructs the relation between language and architecture in each episteme. In analysing the Modern, the study focuses on Hegel's Lectures on Aesthetics. Hegel placed architecture in a genre hierarchy within which architecture, because of its material basis, was fundamentally limited in its ability to express the Spirit. For Hegel it was, among the arts, poetic language, and beyond art, the language of philosophy, through which the Absolute Spirit could be atttained. Much of post-nineteenth century architecture has remained within the shadow of Hegel, where architecture's materiality is perceived to be a burden, and in order to secure its relevance in modern society, architecture was deemed to pursue the role of language. As the most recent and sophisticated example of architecture's pursuit of form, the paper analyses the work of Peter Eisenman. Though Eisenman's theoretical writings are replete with post-Hegelian rhetoric, his architecture remains dependent upon the model of language, albeit a structuralist one. The paper concludes that ultimately, the pursuit of meaning and form is unable to face the crucial issue of value in modernity. While the former decides to easily what it is, the latter evades the issue itself. The second installment of this ongoing study will pursue a third possibility alluded to by Foucault, where language remains silent, pointing only to its 'ponderous' material existence.

• World Technopolis Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.148-158
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• 2017

Sejong City, which has been chosen as a new administrative capital of South Korea, has completed the first phase of its development plan with the construction of the facilities needed to accommodate central administrative organizations and the required accompanying population. Now, it is undergoing the second phase of development with a focus on strengthening the region's innovation capacity to catalyze endogenous development. The strategy for phase II is to establish a regional innovation system including building necessary infrastructure and attracting innovation agents such as universities, businesses, and research institutes. The first step for this is developing a research complex, tentatively named Tech Valley, that includes universities, research institutes, and businesses, and building infrastructure comprising a science complex, a knowledge industry center, and support facilities. Phase II of the city's development initiative includes the establishment of a joint university campus, which is to serve as a center to promote cooperation among industry actors, universities, and research institutes. The concept of a joint campus has been drawn from a need to enhance capacity for innovation and specialization in the region's industries and to maximize synergy among participating universities through the sharing of research equipment, facilities, and programs. The joint campus is expected to play a key role in creating an innovation system in the region by enhancing research capacity for strategic industries, cultivating highly skilled human resources, and leading industry-academia-research cooperation. In order to ensure the sustainable development of the new city, there is a growing need to have a main player in place that could lead the region's economic development. The joint campus will propel industrial specialization and serve as a catalyst to attract competent universities to the region. This paper will examine the concept, major functions, and the establishment and operation of the joint campus.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.49-56
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• 2017

Implementation of Model-based Systems Engineering(MBSE) depends on a model supporting efficient communication among engineers from various domains. And SysML is designed to create models supporting MBSE but unfortunately, SysML itself is not practical enough to be used in real-world engineering projects. SysML is designed to express generic systems and requires specialized knowledge, so a model written in SysML is less capable of supporting communication between a systems engineer and a sub-system engineer. Domain Specific Languages(DSL) can be a great solution to overcome the weakness of the standard SysML. A SysML based DSL means a customized SysML for a specific engineering domain. Unfortunately, current researches on SysML Domain Specific Language(DSL) for the plant engineering industry are still on the early stage. So as the first step, we have developed our own SysML based Piping & Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) creation environment and P&ID itself of a specific plant system, using a widely used SysML authoring tool called MagicDraw. P&ID is one of the most critical output during the plant design phase, which contains all information required for the plant construction phase. So a SysML based P&ID has a great potential to enhance the communication among plant engineers of various disciplines.