• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.132-144
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• 2009

In this study, the basic data for calculating the proper construction cost as minimizing the uncertainty at the stage of forecasting construction cost with the basis of the analysis on the actual construction cost within completed domestic public apartment house. In this regard, 23 public apartment houses by each region which were ordered by the Korea National Housing Corporation and completed from 2004 to 2007 were selected as the objects of study. Four works such as common temporary installation, construction work, civil work and machine/equipment work which are the important direct cost items based on the actually inputted and settled construction costs were classified by completion year, region, architectural area, and the distribution type considering inflation rate. The sequent actual construction costs per 3.3m2 were compared and analyzed by each work, the proper construction costs were analogized and the calculating formula were presumed with the basis of average actual construction costs to be analyzed and presented.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.79-90
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• 2021

In domestic public construction, disputes are increasing due to differences among stakeholders regarding contract price adjustment. In particular, the actual cost-plus fee for overhead costs due to the schedule extension cannot be agreed upon at the administrative phase, and most of them seek judicial judgment. Thus, this study aims to propose a 'sufficiently satisfactory' alternative to reach an agreement before disputes in order to minimize disputes related to the calculation of additional overhead costs. To this end, this study proposes three alternatives based on the rate method. Firstly, when calculating additional overhead costs, it is not calculated as an actual cost-plus-fee method, but as a rate compared to direct labor costs among net direct costs. Secondly, the calculated indirect labor costs are compensated for up to the legal maximum of legal limit costs such as general management costs, profits and so on. Thirdly, it reflects overhead costs increased or decreased due to change orders. Risks were analyzed by collecting expert opinions on the proposed methods and applying actual cases. Finally, as a result of investigating the level of consensus for each stakeholder, it was confirmed that all stakeholders could agree regardless of the size of the company. The result of this study is expected to as a useful tool among stakeholders in the construction fields that can be able to easily agreed upon.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1100-1106
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• 2009

General contractors' overhead costs are increasing relative to direct costs. However, it is difficult to apply the traditional activity-based costing directly to the construction site overhead costing because the resource consumption rate per each activity is varied depending on the attributes of activities. The research develops a methodology of hybrid cost allocation system when resources are assigned to cost objects unlike the traditional activity-based costing. The study also develops a database program and demonstrates how it can be applied to the construction projects using a case study.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2007.03a
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• pp.30-40
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• 2007

The demand for light-rail construction projects has recently been increasing, and they are mostly supervised by private construction companies. Therefore, a private construction company that aim to raise gains from the operation of the facilities during the contract period greater than what they invested should b able to accurately calculate the costs from the aspect of Life Cycle Cost (LCC). In particular, a light-rail transit bridge that has a heavier portion from the aspect of the cost of light-rail transit construction requires a more accurate calculation method than the conventional LCC calculation method. For this, an LCC analysis model was developed and a cost breakdown structure was suggested based on literature review. The construction costs by shape of the upper part of a light-rail transit were calculated based on the cost breakdown system presented in this paper, and the cost generation cycle and cost unit price were collected and analyzed based on records on maintenance costs, rehabilitation and replacement. In addition, after forming some hypotheses in order to perform the LCC analysis, economic evaluation was conducted from the aspect of the LCC by using performance data by item.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 2023

Occupational safety and health management expenses in the construction industry are statutory and separately included in the cost statement to prevent occupational accidents and health problems. The expenses are determined by multiplying the standard amount by the rate decided according to construction types and scales. However, the current expense appropriation method does not properly reflect the recent changes in the construction industry such as industry size, industry diversification, and social atmosphere about safety reinforcement. This study surveyed 1579 questionnaires in total and analyzed expense execution rate and proportion of each expense category. The expense execution rate was relative higher in complex construction (e.g., heavy construction = 126%, civil engineering = 125%) and long-period project (equal to or over 48 months construction = 133%) compared to general construction (98~116%) and short-period project (less than 48 months construction = 115%). The proportion of spending expenses was higher in the category of safety manager labor costs (25~52%), safety facility costs (22~40%), and personal protective equipment costs (10~25%). The analysis results of the study can be utilized in revising the standard expense appropriation method by reflecting the current usages of the occupational safety and health management expenses in the construction industry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.1065-1070
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• 2008

The evaluation of dredging works of pump dredger considering soil conditions is a main idea in calculating construction costs in non-cohesive soil layers. For using pump dredger, on effects of pump dredger equipment, some data of overseas code for pump dredger are different to those of results and a pump dredging capability table in the field of costs. In this study, considerations of sandy soils are described for application of construction works.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.747-757
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• 2017

Of safety check regulation, 'Construction Technology Promotion Act' and 'Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures' contain provisions about the content of safety in construction works and the items of safety checks in the maintenance aspect and thus contribute to accident prevention in the construction industry. Of the regulations responsible for the practical safety of workers, the safety check regulation of Ministry of Employment and Labor demand for safety check from the start of construction based on an agreement with a concerned agency to the completion of construction solely based on 'Guidance Standards for the Specialized Disaster Prevention Instruction in Article 32 of Occupational Safety and Health Act' and 'Appropriation and Usage Standards of Safety and Health Management Costs in the Construction Industry'. There is, however, a huge gap, as well, in them according to client agencies. In small construction sites ordered by a private organization, checks are done formally with no detailed regulations. As a result, the costs of checks continue to drop with only the contract kept intact. This study examined the forms of safety checks practically done in the Jeju region, distinguished and compared them by the construction costs, calculated proper costs based on each construction act, and further proposed improvement measures for the detailed regulations.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.103-111
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• 2023

Accurate cost estimation in the early stages of a construction project is critical to the successful execution of the project. In this study, an ANFIS model was presented to predict construction costs in the early stages of a construction project. To increase the usability of the model, open construction cost data was used, and a model using limited information in the early stage of the project was presented. We analyzed existing studies related to ANFIS to identify recent trends, and after reviewing the basic structure of ANFIS, presented an ANFIS model for predicting conceptual construction costs. The variation in prediction performance depending on the type and number of membership functions of the ANFIS model was analyzed, the model with the best performance was presented, and the prediction accuracy of representative machine learning models was compared and analyzed. Through comparing the ANFIS model with other machine learning models, it was found to show equal or better performance, and it is concluded that it can be applied to predicting construction costs in the early stage of a project.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.506-512
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• 2013

Since the amendment of the law on the private sector investment in social infrastructure in January of 2005, the government has been actively promoting Build-Transfer-Lease (BTL) projects. Notably, most new educational facilities have been built as BTL projects. For these facilities, the unit cost per unit area has been applied to predict construction costs. However, since construction costs are mostly managed after the detailed design phase, the costs can be estimated incorrectly. For this reason, cost management is needed in the planning phase, with a sound approximate estimate to prevent the wasteful use of funds. To address this shortcoming, this study aims to develop a quantity prediction model for education facilities using regression analysis in the planning phase. The developed model is focused on the required quantities of reinforced concrete and bricks. In order to achieve the objective, the data of 44 educational facility projects collected from Gyeonggi-do was used in the regression model. This study can be utilized by major stakeholders to accurately predict construction costs by estimating the appropriate quantities of reinforced concrete and bricks in the planning design phase.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.33-41
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• 2010

It is stated in the highway geometric design guide that expressway interchange types should be selected considering a set of input variables including travel demand, topography, construction cost and interchange spacing. However, this selection method has a problem of providing different interchange types even for the same input variables depending upon different applications of engineers discretion. A procedure that produces consistent results is necessary and this paper presents the development of an efficient and reliable procedure based on the quantification of road user costs and construction costs on interchanges. To develop this procedure, a survey of existing expressway interchange types in South Korea was made and 10 basic interchange types and 52 supplementary interchange types were identified. To relate road user costs and construction costs to these interchange types, this research uses two method. First, interchange types were expressed by a set of ramp configurations. Second, road user benefits and construction costs associated with these different interchange types were formulated based on the current national guide of the expressway economical analysis. As a result, it was proved that an interchange type to provide minimum costs could be selected consistently and this research result should be useful for future expressway geometric designs.