• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.21-31
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• 2016

Purpose - This study examines how consignment and Vendor-Managed Inventory perform as supply chain collaboration programs. By using three key collaborative features, this study defines the collaboration programs and develops theoretical models of different supply chain systems. Research design, data and methodology - This study conducts sophisticated analysis on the supply chain systems by applying simulation modeling based on time-phased operations. The simulation model represents a two-stage supply chain system where a supplier sells a single item to a buyer, and it incorporates various operations. Results - In general, the simulation outcomes support that more advanced collaboration programs outperform less advanced ones. The analysis on the simulation outcomes identifies the significant value of information sharing in both collaboration programs. The specific conditions where the particular collaboration system outperforms the others are recognized. Conclusions - The outcome of this study supports that the supply chain system can improve its performance by having more collaborative features. This study provides business practitioners with guidelines to identify the circumstances that the specific collaboration program can fully exploit its advantages.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.5-9
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• 2014

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast the applicability and effectiveness of both teukyakmeip contracts of Korea and consignment contracts of the United State to demonstrate the effectiveness and practicability of teukyakmeip in Korea. These are popular contract agreements between large retailers and their suppliers and vendors. In recent years, teukyakmeip was critically examined and scrutinized by the politicians, the media, and the public of Korea. Consequently, this paper focusesheavily on identifying and analyzing different types of contract agreements between large retailers and their suppliers that currently exist in Korea and compares and contrasts those analyzed contract agreements with teukyakmeip. The article also comparesand contrasts teukyakmeip with the consignment agreements of the United States to identify similarities and differences. Research design, data, and methodology - This study is a descriptive study and has used personal interviews to collect and analyze the data. This study also fits the definition of the case study wherein it is entirely focused on investigating a real-life event: analyzing and examining contract agreements in the distribution industry. Both randomly selected management and vendor representatives from the three major department stores, Lotte, Hyundai, and Shinsegae, in Korea were interviewed between July and September 2013. The analysis of the consignment agreement was conducted based on existing secondary data. Results - Although the evidence of the abuse of teukyakmeip and consignment by large retailers from both countries clearly exists, the findings suggestthat both contract agreements would remain as the most relevant and effective legal contracts between large retailers and their suppliers. Based on the comparisonanalysis of teukyakmeip and consignment, both contracts indicated that suppliers are fully responsible for inventory and inventory management. If sales person is necessary for promoting special product, then suppliers are responsible for providing a sales person and their wages under both contracts. However, American department stores, those located outside urban area, tend to use their own employees to perform special product and sales promotion. The retailersare fully responsible for any interior or floor design or redesign of the retail store to accommodate the products from vendors under consignment; however, both suppliers and retailers share the cost of designing and redesigning the interior to accommodate vendors'products under teukyakmeip. Suppliers are responsible for pricing and supplying the quantity of the products under both agreements. Both contracts allow special sales commission as long as vendors agreed. Vendors use this special commissionto introduce their new products or apply market penetration strategy. Conclusions -The findings of this study showed the changing pattern of contract agreements between large retailers and their suppliers from both countries. Furthermore, this study evidently generated policy implications of teukyakmeip which recently became the major social issue in Korea and attracted many policymakers to gain political points by criticizing the teukyakmeip system and the large retailers. The findings of the study would be valuable to policy makers in making appropriate decisions and to large retailers and vendors in making beneficial agreements. The major implication of this study is that teukyakmeip and consignment agreements include very similar or almost identical characteristics, and they are popular among department stores and suppliers. The issue of abolishing teukyakmeip in Korea needs to be examined cautiously because teukyakmeip is the best one available at the moment, and the study suggests that no one benefits from abolishing this system.

• The Journal of Korean Institute for Practical Engineering Education
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.95-105
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• 2010

This means that development of industrial society has brought pains not only to workers themselves but also to their family due to various disasters, while it changed us to be affluent and improved the quality of life. The purpose of this study is to make the preliminary data for understanding the efficiency of the educations through examination of the existing state in performance about education programs for supervisors, which are in-house educations performed by the company itself and consignment educations performed by outside professional education institutions, in industrial safety and health education programs for prevention of industrial disasters and analysis on survey research of supervisors working at Anyang area to find out whether or not the in-house education and consignment education in education programs for supervisors have statistically significant differences in their ages, classification by industry, the completion number of educations, the number of regular employees regarding duties of supervisor determined by the Industrial Safety and Health Act. As the result of study, this study resulted in that consignment education performed by professional education institutions would be more helpful for improvement of job competence than in-house education performed by company itself. This can be interpreted that consignment education performed by professional education institutions has reacted more flexibly to continuous revisions of the Industrial Safety and Health Act and also more faithful to demand survey by consumers not being tied down by the conventionality for continuous development and study of the curriculum than that of in-house education.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.79-93
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• 2014

The Act on Distribution and Price Stabilization of Agricultural and Fisheries Product, which specifies rules and regulations on the trading system of fishery products wholesales markets, has been revised several times, mainly in order to improve the trading system. However, there is still a huge gap between the reality and law when it comes to the trading system of the fishery products wholesale market. This study aims to analyze the problems of the trading system of the fishery products wholesale market and to suggest ways to make improvement. The main problem facing the trading system of the fishery products wholesale market is sales on consignment by intermediate wholesalers, and this paper suggests two alternatives to solve the problem. First, intermediate wholesaler can be converted to market wholesalers, but it also entails other problems. The market wholesaler system has never been successfully adopted in the agricultural and fishery products wholesale market, and it is not clear which system is better between the wholesale market corporation and the market wholesaler system. Second, sales on consignment by intermediate wholesalers can be adopted with a positive view toward it. Negotiation transaction can be carried out for sales on consignment as a transaction method under the current Act on Distribution and Price Stabilization of Agricultural and Fisheries Products. However, since the act cannot provide a solution for listing, it is necessary to introduce Japan's negotiated transaction in advance system as a negotiation transaction method.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.54
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• pp.167-190
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to find out some countermeasure to Korean companies entered Chinese market through analyzing an arbitration case resolved by CIETAC applied of Chinese Commission Agency Law and CISG. China create legal relationship between the principal and the third party under Chinese Consignment Contract Law. Korean companies so make sure whether this Contract is included when they conclude international commercial contract. If yes, they have to prove their recognition for the relationship between the principal and the commission agent when needed. If the parties agreed an additional period of time of delivery and the seller do not deliver the goods within this period, this breach might be regarded as fundamental nature and the buyer could declare the contract avoided. In addition, late delivery might also be regarded as fundamental breach when market price is fluctuated. It is understandable that attorney's fees is recoverable one, but it is not understandable that arbitrator's extra expenses such as travel and accommodation expenses is not recoverable with the reason that arbitrator comes outside of the country.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.379-391
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• 2017

Purpose: The study proposes extended application of reviewing and developing international quality assurance system for useful and practical quality stabilization of foreign military product. There are several problems with quality assurance activities for foreign military products. To improve theses problems, this study researches measures and effects of entrustment of quality assurance activities to suppliers group abroad by utilizing the system. Methods: In order to carry out the research, consignment system for international quality assurance activity of advanced country has been analysed through this study. By applying the consignment system to the case of foreign military product, the possibility and effects of consignment is researched. Results: Through this study the procedure and substance of the international quality assurance system is verified. The quality assurance activities were consigned to suppliers group by utilizing the system, thus application basis for international quality assurace activities is established. Conclusion: Defense Import through The Quality Assurance System of trade countries using the International Quality Assurance System suggests the solution to endemic problems. The Introduction Military Product with the Quality Assurance System of Korean Government improves the competitiveness of defense export.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.125-144
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to suggest institutional improvements and support measures for the opening process of new entrusted public daycare centers by exploring the experiences of the directors of daycare centers. Methods: In-depth interviews were held with nine directors of daycare centers in Sejong City. The recordings of the interviews were databased, and then the data were analyzed by categorizing the content. Results: First, the participants of this study were interested in the national/public daycare service consignment program and were eager to be selected for the program. They also had high expectations for operating daycare centers. Second, while preparing for the opening of the daycare center, the participants encountered problems after being selected for the program in terms of finance, facilities, equipment, and personnel management. Third, after opening the center, the participants went through the "survival period" as they had to overcome many issues while operating the center on their own. Conclusion/Implications: This study suggested financial and administrative improvements and support measures required for the consignment program so that daycare center directors can successfully and sustainably open and operate daycare centers.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.2D
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• pp.153-161
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• 2010

The city planning of a local government is a continuous process that does not end with the creation of a plan but proceeds through decision-making, monitoring and evaluation phases. As a new city planning is changed and confirmed, there is a chance to construct a large scale road that is connected with an under constructed road. In this case, the expansion of the width and length of road, the addition of bridges or tunnels, and the change of the size and location of interchanges lead to many changes on road design and construction. In the past, the consignment contracts for a road construction have been made in limited numbers and for limited civil works. Now, it is growing in numbers and is making for large scale multi-works. However, the standard process and guidelines for the consignment contracts have not been suggested yet, so there is difficulty in performing the consigned road construction effectively. In this paper, the important factors for the consignment contracts are determined by construction document reviews and expert interviews. Based on these results, a standard process for the consigned contracts and a guideline for agreeing on construction cost are suggested. The costs that should be paid by a consignor are also defined.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.165-178
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• 2023

This paper presented a management model for continuous development and co-prosperity between freight car transportation companies and consigned car owners, which are the subjects of the consignment system. A structural equation-based questionnaire was created to measure the variables necessary for establishing a management model, such as business owners' perceptions of each other and their needs for improvement, by analyzing the internal and external environment of the freight transport market and conducting surveys of freight companies and consigned vehicle owners. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the rationality of the consignment system did not have a significant effect on financial performance or the level of transportation service, while the external environment and compensation system of the transportation business had a significant impact on financial performance and level of transportation service. In addition, the rationality of the consignment system does not affect the improvement of the relationship between project entities, but it does affect the level of trust. It was confirmed that the external environment and compensation system of the transport business have an effect on both relationship improvement and trust level improvement. It was found that the level of trust affects financial performance, and relationship improvement does not affect both financial performance and transportation service level. It is necessary to manage the consignment system based on the confirmed analysis results in order for the domestic freight company and the consigned vehicle owner to coexist and develop each other in the truck transportation market.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.60
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• pp.195-209
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• 2013

South Korea, despite the financial turbulences has marked the trade volume of USD 1 trillion and marked $7^{th}$ largest exporter in 2013. Approximately 40% of the entire import of Korea was for export. In the South Korean trade structure, import and export are closely related, requiring proactive import financial assistance policies. Recognizing this, K-sure has made import insurance policy available on the market since July 2010. The K-sure insurance policy targets both financial institutions and importers. This is the reason why this research seeks to review the import insurance terms for importers and compare with foreign import insurance products to find out ways to improve. K-sure's import insurance for importers is to cover a loss of a policyholder when the policyholder or importer domestically addressed made a prepayment but cannot receive goods. The import insurance is applied to import transactions of goods or resources. K-sure's import insurance coverage needs to be expanded to intermediary trade and consignment processing trade, etc. In this sense, a more systematic educational program should be introduced about K-sure's import insurance.