• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.582-594
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• 1989

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the school health teachers' self-confidence. This study was conducted with 87 school health teachers working in Jeonbuk province, from September to December, 1986, The results are follows; 1. Demographic characteristics of school health teachers 1) Age mean ; 34, range; 23-54 2) School Nursing experience mean; 11 years, range; 0-24 3) Clinical experience mean; 1.5 years, range: 0-13 2. Status of school health resources & nursing activities 1) Personnel resource school health teacher: pupils : 1 : 1,436 'classes=1:31 'general teacher=1:39 2) Budget Total school operating budget: School health budget : 100 : 4.2 (52.2 thousand Won) Half of the school health budget expend on medicine. 3) Clinic 80% of all schools have health clinic seperately. 71.32 of all schools have less than $35m^2$, 23.9%, $36-66m^2$. 4) Only 20% of all schools have organization for health 5) Average of clinic visitor for 1 year; 2,084 Major problem is on digestive system. And other problem: respiratory, skin, musculo - skeletal system, dental problem, etc... 6) Literal message for 1 year; 12 times. For health education (4), vaccination (3), examination of parasites (2), etc... 3. The degrees of the school health teachers' self-confidence 1) Program planning & evaluation; 2.9. 2) Clinic management; 2.8 3) Health education; 2.8 4) Management of school environment; 2.7 5) Health care services; 2.5. 6) Operating of school health organization; 2.3 4. Significances to self-confidence on school health nursing activities 1) Program planning & evaluation: home message (r=.228, p<.05) No. of clinic visitor (r=.220, p<.05) expending time for clinic management (r=.229, p<.05) religion (t: 2.5, p<.05) level of school (F=6.3, p<.005) 2) Clinic management: age of school health teacher (r=-.202, p<.05) school health experience (r=-.211, p<.05) salary step (r=.187, p<.05) expending time for clinic management (r=.315, p<0.1) marital status (t=3.97, p<.005) level of school (F=3,139, p<0.5) 3) Management of school environment: level of school (F=3.899, p<.05) expending time for clinic management (r=-,216, p<0.5) 4) Health care service: age of school health teacher (r=-.186, p<.05) marital status (t= 3.67, pH.005) 5) Health education: expending times for clinic management (r=-.252, p<05) level of school (F=5.343, p<.01) 6) Operating of health organization; age of school health teacher (r=-.258, p<.01)salary step (r=.188, p<.05) Based on the above results, the suggestions are as follows; 1. Need to raise ,appointment rate school health teacher. 2. Need to raise self-confidence on school health nursing activities through the inservice education or re-inforcement. 3. Need to secure adequate budget for school health. 4. Participation of school health teacher and support of school master for school health services are required. 5. Need for use the health clinic seperately, adequate facilities and free utilization by visitors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.25-31
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• 2016

This paper has analyzed the structure, applicable regulations and the resistance characteristics of insulation ring type of CSST (Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing for Gas). With the flammability test conducted in accordance with KS C IEC 60811-1-1, the evaluation of insulation resistance, temperature characteristics, and reliability has been conducted. An insulation ring type CSST consists of protective coating, tube, nut, insulation ring, packing, socket, and ball valve. Connecting an insulation ring type CSST to gas tubings for gas appliance is not permitted, moreover, the product shall be installed inside a sleeve pipe in case of buried installation such as the ceiling. Damages on protective coating and tube were detected when fire was applied to the test sample with a portable torch for 60 seconds. The insulation resistance of a normal product was $49.59M{\Omega}$, while that of the product completed the flammability test reduced to $9.21M{\Omega}$. The mean insulation resistance within the confidence Interval of 95% using the mini tap program 17 was $49.59M{\Omega}$ and the mean insulation resistance within the confidence interval reduced to $9.21M{\Omega}$. In the normal distribution analysis of 95% confidence interval, the value-P of the normal product was stable at 0.075 and AD(Anderson-Darling) statistic value was turned out to be 0.063, which is very normal, and the standard deviation was analyzed as 0.2586. The value P of the product completed the flammability test resulted in 0.005, the AD was 1.355 and the standard deviation reduced to 0.07908.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.649-659
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to analyse students' achievement of 'Earth Science' in the Third International Mathematics and Science Study-Repeat(TIMSS-R), which was performed in 1999 with 38 nations participating. Korean 8th grade students' achievement of 'Earth Science' was compared with those of other countries and other content areas in science. Average percent correct of items in each subcategory was also analysed. Most of the 'Earth Science' topics were included in the intended curricula of Korea; they were taught to most of the students in science classes. Korean students ' average scale score of 'Earth Science' was significantly higher than the international average, but in comparison with other science content areas, achievement of 'Earth Science' was relatively low. The teachers' confidence in teaching earth science was lower than their confidence in teaching other science areas. The paper presents the results of item analysis and their implications for science education.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.133-142
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• 2007

The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) demonstrated a method for monitoring the performance of instrument channels in Topical Report (TR) 104965, 'On-Line Monitoring of Instrument Channel Performance.' This paper presents the results of several models originally developed by EPRI to monitor three nuclear plant sensor sets: Pressurizer Level, Reactor Protection System (RPS) Loop A, and Reactor Coolant System (RCS) Loop A Steam Generator (SG) Level. The sensor sets investigated include one redundant sensor model and two non-redundant sensor models. Each model employs an Auto-Associative Kernel Regression (AAKR) model architecture to predict correct sensor behavior. Performance of each of the developed models is evaluated using four metrics: accuracy, auto-sensitivity, cross-sensitivity, and newly developed Error Uncertainty Limit Monitoring (EULM) detectability. The uncertainty estimate for each model is also calculated through two methods: analytic formulas and Monte Carlo estimation. The uncertainty estimates are verified by calculating confidence interval coverages to assure that 95% of the measured data fall within the confidence intervals. The model performance evaluation identified the Pressurizer Level model as acceptable for on-line monitoring (OLM) implementation. The other two models, RPS Loop A and RCS Loop A SG Level, highlight two common problems that occur in model development and evaluation, namely faulty data and poor signal selection

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.55-71
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• 2006

The Public Service Charter is one of the administrative reform programs introduced to promote customer oriented administration. It's main purpose is to achieve citizens' confidence in the government by satisfying them with elevated quality of the public services. This study focuses on analyzing current conditions and achievements of the Public Service Charter in the Republic of Korea and proposing it's development plan. Since it was introduced to Korea in 1998, the Public Service Charter has been disseminated and contributed to the spreading of the citizens' understandings of the government's initiatives for customer satisfaction plans. Still, it has several problems as follows; A lot of public servants and citizens lack in understandings of this program. CEOs don't have enough concern in it. Evaluation is not organically connected to performance management. The correction and compensation procedure are not well operated. To solve these problems, the government needs to set up an institutional foundation establishing a legal base, uplifting CFO' concerns, and building a department with full responsibility, and to promote employees and citizens' participation through education and PR. It's also important to enhance post management by efficient evaluation and performance management, substantial correction and compensation procedure.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.59-68
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• 1998

This study was conducted to derive optimal design floods by generalized gamma distribution model of the annual maximum series at eight watersheds along Geum, Yeongsan and Seomjin river systems. Design floods obtained by different methods for evaluation of parameters and for plotting positions in the generalized gamma distribution model were compared by the relative mean errors and graphical fit along with 95% confidence limits plotted on gamma probability paper. The results were analyzed and summarized as follows. 1. Basic statistics and parameters were calculated by the generalized gamma distribution model using different methods for parameters. 2. Design floods according to the return periods were obtained by different methods for evaluation of parameters and for plotting positions in the generalized gamma distribution model. 3. It was found that design floods derived by sundry averages method for parameters and Cunnane method for plotting position in the generalized gamma distribution are much closer to those of the observed data in comparison with those obtained by the other methods for parameters and for plotting positions from the viewpoint of relative mean errors. 4. Reliability of design floods derived by sundry averages method in the generalized gamma distribution was acknowledged within 95% confidence interval.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.55-66
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a scenario and evaluate the performance of paramedic students in head trauma simulation education. Method: This study selected a refined head trauma scenario that was developed by graduate students during class from september to November, 2010. Evaluation on implementation of head trauma simulation was conducted on seventeen paramedic students divided into four groups during November, 2010. Results: 1. The head trauma scenario was developed according to the patient assessment for approximately 10 minutes. It contained scene size-up, initial assessment and intervention, rapid trauma assessment and intervention, and decision of transfer. 2. The average time turned out to be 9 min and 36 sec after simulation learning. Total mean score in simulation performance was 2.20, the highest score was 2.44 in initial assessment and intervention, and the lowest score was 1.5 in decision of transfer. 3. Confidence mean was high with the score of 1.0. Conclusion: The finding of this study demonstrate that the simulation education can improve problem-solving ability and critical thinking, and increase the confidence in prehospital emergency care; therefore, simulation may be the new effective paramedic education strategy and simulation learning is needed for further development of various scenarios.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.1115-1121
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to estimate the impact of rainfall measurement according to the installation conditions of rain gauges: windbreak, grass mat, installation elevation or obstacle. Rain gauges were installed by the standards of Korea Meteorological Administration(KMA), and the rainfall measurement was conducted daily unit during two years(2007~2008). In conclusion, observed error of rain gauge did not affect whether windbreak was installed or not. If there is the obstacle around rain gauge, average error rate was increased about 3.3%: (2007year-2.49%, 2008year-4.10%). If rain gauge is located in a high place, average error rate was increased about 4.89%. Additionally, the observed error of rain gauge according to the wind speed has a positive correlation with obstacle and installation elevation and has a negative correlation with windbreak and has no affection with grass mat.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2000

Recently there is increasing interest in the use of structure activity relationships for predicting the biological activity of chemicals. The reasons for the interest include the decrease cost and time per chemical as compared with animal or cell system for identifying toxicological effects of chemicals and the reduction in the use of animals for toxicological testing. This study is to test the validity of the mutagenicity data generated from QSAR (Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship) program. Thirty chemicals, which had been evaluated by Ames test during 1997-1999, were assessed with TOPKAT QSAR mutagenicity prediction module. Among 30chemicals experimented, 28 were negative and 2 were positive for Ames test. On the contrary, 23 chemicals showed the high confidence level indicating high prediction rate in mutagenicity evaluation, and 7 chemicals showed the lsow to moderate confidence level indicating low prediction in mutagenicity evaluation. Overall mutagenicity prediction rate was 77% (23/30). The prediction rates for non-mutagenic chemicals were 79% (22/28) and mutagenic chemicals were 50% (1/2). QSAR could be a useful tool in providing toxicological data for newly introduced chemicals or in furnishing data for MSDS or in determining the dose in toxicity testing for chemicals with no known toxicological data.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.23-35
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• 2023

Evidence-based training (EBT) improves a pilot's competency and confidence based on the data(Evidence) from actual aircraft accidents, incidents, operations, and training for safe operation in the fast-paced and large-scale air transportation field. It is a training/assessment program that strengthens resilience for problem solving. As a way to apply this evidence-based training(EBT) to the educational system of ATO and to resolve the problems, I propose 3 improvement plans. They are evaluation criteria that apply the core competencies of EBT to the educational evaluation system, the way to improve the system for standardization of practical test examiners and instructors and also the ways to use Flight Simulation Training Devices(FSTD).