• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.143-154
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• 2022

We isolated marine actinomycetes, strain D-5 which produces anti-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) compound. Streptomyces sp. D-5 relatively grew well in the 20~25℃, pH 8.0, and NaCl 3.0%. The ethyl acetate extract of D-5 culture was separated by C₁₈ ODS open column and reverse phase HPLC to yield anti-MRSA compound. The molecular weight of this compound was determined to be 898 by a Liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer (LC-MS). Compared with penicillin G, this compound showed significant anti-MRSA activity. It also exhibited an inhibition zone of 26 mm at a concentration of 64 ㎍/disk and an inhibition zone of 16 mm at a concentration of 16 ㎍/disk against the MRSA KCCM 40511. Furthermore, the co-treatment of HPLC peak 5 compound and vancomycin caused a more rapid decrease in MRSA cells than each compound alone. It showed 86.8% growth inhibition activity within 12 hours at a low concentration of 50 ㎍/mL during co-treatment, and 97.1% growth in-hibition activity within 48 hours against MRSA KCCM 40511. Taken together, our results suggest that Streptomyces sp. D-5 and its anti-MRSA compound could be employed as a potent agent in MRSA infection.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2006

Anticoagulant activities of a fermented edible brown alga, Laminaria ochotensis was investigated. L. ochotensis was fermented with 15% sugar (w/v) at $25^{\circ}C$ for 10 weeks. Anticoagulant activity was measured from the supernatant of algal mixture at biweekly intervals up to $10^{th}$ week by activated partial thromboplastin (APTT), prothrombin time (PT) and thrombin time (TT) assay using citrated human plasma. Sample having high APTT activity $(6^{th}\;week)$ was filtered, ethanol precipitated and freeze-dried. The polysaccharide compound having anticoagulant activity was purified by DEAE ion exchange chromatography followed by Sepharose-4B gel filtration chromatography. Anticoagulant activity, polysaccharide concentration, and heparin like activity were determined for the collected fractions by APTT, $phenol-H_2SO_4$, and glycosaminoglycan assay, respectively. The anticoagulant activity assay showed that the activity was increased up to $6^{th}$ week, and decreased thereafter. The concentration of our purified compound was $31.0{\mu}g/ml$ and showed higher APTT activity than commercial heparin. At the same concentration of $31.0{\mu}g/ml$, the heparin showed 186.5 sec activity while our purified compound showed an activity of 386 sec. Single spot on agarose gel electrophoresis showed that the compound was purified and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) results revealed that the molecular mass of the purified polysaccharide compound was between 60 and 500 kDa. Therapeutic interest of the algal polysaccharide as an anticoagulant has recently been in highlighted. This purified anticoagulant compound from fermented L. ochotensis can be used as a model for anticoagulant agent or could be developed as an anticoagulant agent. This study can be extended to identify the structure and chemical composition of the purified polysaccharide, and to establish a relationship between structure and the function of the identified anticoagulant compounds.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 1980

This study was prepared to observe some enzyme activities in the liver of mice treated with extracts of Ginseng anticancer compound, separated from the petroleum ether extracts by silicic acid chromatography, has the cytotoxic activity against cancer cells. Swiss mice, 72 heads were used (or this experiment and they were divdied into control, test group I and test group If, that test group I was injected crude extract and test group II was injected anticancer compound, while the control group was injected 0.9% NaCl solution. The injections were carried out 1,2,4 and 8 times once a day for 1-8 day, respectively. The liver was removed carefully from the mice at 24 hours after drugs injected, and homogenized at 4$^{\circ}C$ for enzyme study. The activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT) were determined by Reitmen and Frankel method and lactic acid dehydrogenase activity was determined by Wroblewski methods in vitro. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The GOT activity was increased 26%, crude extract and 16%, anticancer compound than those of control at 1st injected groups and decreased gradually according to increase of injection time, at 8th injected groups, the GOT activity was decresed by 16%, crude extract and 12%, anticancer compound. 2. The GPT activity was not changed significantly at 1st and 2nd injected groups, but, at 4th injected groups, the GPT activity was decreased 20%, crude extract and 14%, anticancer compound. While the GPT activity was recovered to normal value at 8th injected groups. 3. At 1st injected groups, the LDH activity was increased 17%, anticancer compound, while those of crude extract was shown normal value. At 2nd injected groups, the LDH activity increased 35yo:, crude extract while those of anticancer compound was showed normal value. And the LOH activity was recovered gradually at 4th and 8th injected groups.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.136-139
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• 2018

The inhibitory compound (Compound S) against Ralstonia solanacearum and its conversion product (Compound S') were isolated from the culture filtrate of Bacillus subtilis JW-1 using a series of chromatography procedures. The structures were elucidated as alanyl-L-${\beta}$-(2,3-epoxycyclohexyl-4-one)alanine and alanyl-L-${\beta}$-(2,3-dihydroxycyclohexyl-4-one)alanine, respectively on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data, including $^1H$, $^{13}C$, $^1H-^1H$ correlation spectroscopy and heteronuclear multiple bond correlation spectroscopy. The compound S exhibited a broad antimicrobial activity against $G^+$, $G^-$ bacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans. The activity loss of the conversion product revealed that the epoxy function was essential for activity of Compound S.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.205-215
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• 2024

Antibiotics are substances produced by microorganisms that kill or inhibit and are essential for infectious diseases management. This study aimed to provide basic data for overcoming antibiotic resistance in the marine bacterium LJ-18. The API 20NE and API 50CH kits were used to identify this microorganism. Morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties were investigated using MacFaddin's manuals. Subsequently, isolated LJ-18 was found to belong to a genus of Streptomyces that forms mycelia. LJ-18 also grew well at 28-32℃ on modified Bennett's agar. To isolate and purify the antibacterial compound, LJ-18 culture was divided into ethyl acetate and distilled water fractions. Considerable antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic microorganisms, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), was confirmed in the C₁₈ ODS open column fractions. Peak 2 compound was obtained using reversed-phase HPLC. As a result, this compound had a significant antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic microorganisms. In particular, it showed strong activity against MRSA, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.854-857
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• 2002

Bioassay-directed chromatographic fractionation of a methylene chloride extract of Ailanthus altisshima indicated the presence of 20(S), 24(R), epoxy-25-hydroxydammarane-3-one (compound 1, ocotillone) which was isolated from this plant, for the first time. Antimicrobial activity of compound 1 was measured by inhibition of bacterial and fungal cells growth and by a hemolytic assay with human erythrocytes, respectively. The results revealed that compound 1 had potent antibacterial activity against Cram-negative bacteria, P. aeruginosa and S. typhimurium, that were without hemolytic activity, whereas it had weak antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. These results demonstrated that the compound 1 has more antibacterial activity against 6ram-negative bacteria, which have no hemolytic activity, than Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. This is the first report on the biological activities of the compound 1.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.99-109
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• 2001

Novel glucoconjugates phenolic moiety, 3-(methoxycarbonyl)-4-(hydroxyphenyl)-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside(4), 3-(methoxyacetyl)-4-(hydroxyphenyl)-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside(7), 4-(hydroxyphenyl)-$\beta$-D-ribofuranoside(11), were synthesized. In order to investigate their depigmentation effect, inhibitory activity against mushroom tyrosinase and inhibitory activity of melanin synthesis in B16 melanoma cell were evaluated in vitro. Compound 11 showed 92.0$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎖ of tyrosinase inhibitory activity whereas compound 4 and 7 showed very low activity not less than 300$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎖. Inhibitory activities of melanin synthesis in B16 melanoma cell of compound 4, 7, and 11 were 8.7, 15.1, and 36.0%, respectively, at the concentration of 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎖. Inhibitory activity of compound 11 was much higher than that of arbutin at the same concentration.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.139-147
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• 1985

Americal A from the seeds of Phytolacca americana, was investigated for the antiinflammatory activity. The compound significantly inhibited edema induction, granuloma formation, arthritis induction and leucocyte emigration in CMC-pouch. But its anticarrageenin activity was not exhibited in adrenalectomized rats. These findings together with decrease in the contents of ascorbic acid and cholesterol in adrenals by administration of the compound suggest that its activity is mediated through stimulation of the pituitary-adrenal axis. The acute toxicity of the compound is very weak and gastric ulceration was not produced by the compound.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.237-244
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• 2020

The objective of this study was to identify and characterize fibrinolytic compound from Cornus officinalis. Cornus officinalis. Hot water extract was fractionated into hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water fractions. Assays for fibrinolytic activity indicated that only the ethyl acetate fraction had significant efficacy at 1.36 plasmin units/mL. Isolation of fibrinolytic compound was carried out on Amberlite IRA-400, Sephadex LH-20 and active charcoal column chromatography. HPLC analysis of the purified fibrinolytic compound showed retention time (RT) same as authentic malic acid. LC / MS / MS in negative mode showed the same peak at m/z 133, confirming that the purified compound was malic acid with a molecular weight 134 Da. The compound showed fibrinolytic activity of 0.69 plasmin units/mL, 14.62% of thrombin inhibitory activity, 6.42% of antioxidative activity, and 17.28% of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The purified compound hydrolyzed γ subunits of human fibrinogen. In conclusion, malic acid isolated from Cornus officinalis might have potential to be developed as ingredient for biofunctional foods to prevent cardiovascular diseases.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.45-50
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• 1998

13 develop an active agent for skin whitening, we examined the inhibitory effects of 285 plant extracts on tyrosinase activity and found some plant extracts have an ability to inhibit tyrosinase activity. Of these plant extracts, ramulus mori extracts showed the highest inhibiting activity on enzyme activity. From these results, we selected ramulus mori as a new active agent for skin whitening. $IC_{50}$/ of this extracts on tyrosinase activity is 12.48$\mu\textrm{g}$/m1. Also, ramulus mori extracts showed inhibitory activity on melanin synthesis in B-16 melanoma cells. We isolated active compound from ramulus mori extracts using various column chromatography and recrystalization and identified its chemical structure using Mass spectroscopy, IR and NMR analysis. So, it is identified as Mulberrin, a maior compound of ramutus mori and turned out that it has potent ability on tyrosinase inhibition. $IC_{50}$/ of this compound for tyrosinase activity is 0.5$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. Also, this compound showed potent inhibitory activity on melanin synthesis in B-16 melanoma cells. This extracts was turned out to be safe in many safety tests.