• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.177-183
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• 1984

From July 1975 to March 1984, 16 patients of complex congenital cardiovascular anomalies associated with left superior vena cava were seen at Han-Yang University Hospital. The age of patients was ranged from 2 to 15 years-old. The distribution of Sex was 7 patients in male, 9 patients in female. Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava [L.S.V.C.] was classified according to the proximal connection of L.S.V.C. into 3 groups. Group I which L.S.V.C. connected to coronary venous sinus was in 9 patients, Group II which L.S.V.C. connected to Left atrium was in 5 patients, Group III which L.S.V.C. hemodynamically connected to right atrium was in 2 patients. Pathoanatomical findings of complex congenital cardiovascular anomalies associated with L.S.V.C. in 16 cases were generally show unsystematic irregularity. In group I, A.S.D. were only in 3 cases, but in highest incidence and in group III, all two cases were supracardiac type of total anomalous drainage of pulmonary veins. Post-operatively, 3 patients among 14 patients of total correction, were died immediately, 1 patient of palliative shunt operation was died after 2 and half years, and Follow-up results of other remaining patients were excellent.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.2151-2157
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• 2010

Spectroscopic and quantum mechanical studies of the Et3PAuCl complex were performed to characterize the effect of aurophilicity on the optical properties. When excited with UV light at low temperature, the crystalline complex produced a deep luminescence in both the blue (high-energy) and red (low-energy) regions of the spectrum. The intensity of the low-energy luminescence was markedly reduced in the powdered state and quenched in the solution state. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations on electronic structures of both the ground and excited states of aggregates $[Et_3PAuCl]_n$ (n = 1 - 3) indicated that the low-energy luminescence was attributable to Au-centered transitions, which are significantly affected by aurophilic interactions. By contrast, the high-energy luminescence appeared to be independent of the state of the complex and was strongly associated with the charge transfer from Cl to Au.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.146-151
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• 2015

Here I report an electrochemical simulation work that compares voltammetric current and resistance of a complex electrochemical reaction over a potential scan. For this work, the finite element method is employed which are frequently used for voltammetry but rarely for impedance spectroscopy. Specifically, this method is used for simulation of a complex reaction where a heterogeneous faradaic reaction is followed by a homogeneous chemical reaction. By tracing the current and its polarization resistance, I learn that their relationship can be explained in terms of rate constants of charge transfer and chemical change. An unexpected observation is that even though the resistance is increased by the rate of the following chemical reaction, the current can be increased due to the potential shift of the resistance made by the proceeding faradaic reaction. This report envisions a possibility of the FEM-based resistance simulation to be applied to understand a complex electrochemical reaction. Until now, resistance simulations are mostly based on equivalent circuits or complete mathematical equations and have limitations to find proper models. However, this method is based on the first-principles, and is expected to be complementary to the other simulation methods.

• 생약학회지
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• 제33권3호통권130호
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• pp.182-186
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• 2002

The Coptidis rhizoma is known for containing protoberberine alkaloids. Berberine, coptisine and palmatine are the major constituents of protoberberine alkaloids. The alkaloids were isolated and determined by forming complex compounds from Coptidis rhizoma in preparation I(Sam-Hwang-Sa-Sim-Tang) and II(Hwang-Ryen-Tang). For the determination of these alkaloids, a new spectrophotometric method was developed with a simple and selective sample clean-up using thiocyanatocobaltate[II] complex compound ion. The absorbance of alkaloidal complex compounds in l.2-dichloroethane solution was measured at 625 nm. Calibration curve for the alkaloids isolated from Coptidis rhizoma was linear over the concentration range of 0.2-0.3 mg/ml. The method was proved to be rapid, simple and reliable for the isolation and the determination of the alkaloids in Coptidis rhizoma preparation I and II.

• 항공우주기술
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2012

나로호 발사를 위해 사용된 발사대 지상 설비중 하나인 발사대 온도 제어 시스템의 시스템 설계 자료를 분석하였다. 러시아에서 한국항공우주연구원에 제공한 CDP 자료를 참고하여 발사대 온도 제어 시스템의 공기 생산부(UPV), 공기 가열부(UNG) 및 공기 분배부(URG)의 열수력 설계를 분석하였다. 또한 공기 가열부 및 공기 분배부에 대한 수치 해석을 수행하고 측정 결과와 비교하여 두 결과가 일치함을 확인하였다. 마지막으로 발사대 온도 제어 시스템의 단열 설계 기법을 분석하였다. 본 연구를 통해 검증된 기법은 앞으로 한국형 발사체를 위한 시스템 수정 및 설계시 유용하게 사용될 것이다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1711-1713
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• 2000

We fabricated an IMI-O polymer containing an imidazole group that could form a complex structure between the monolayer and the metal ions at the air-water interface. Also, the surface analysis and the electrical properties of metal ion complex of Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films were investigated by using $\pi$-A isotherms. Atomoic force microscopy (AFM), current-voltage (I-V) measurements. In the $\pi$-A isotherms the molecular area was expanded with $Fe^{3+}$ concentration increase. It is considered that the expansion of molecular area is due to electrostatic repulsion between the polymer chains and hydrophobic increase of ionic strength. In the I-V characteristics, it is found that the limiting area has effects on the change of conductivity. And, the dielectric relaxation time decreased for increase of the $Fe^{3+}$ concentration.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2010

Male rats were given a single injection of iron, and temporal changes in iron content and iron-induced effects were examined in heart cellular fractions. Over a period of 72 h, the contents of total and labile iron, reactive oxygen species, and NO in tissue homogenate, nuclear debris, and postmitochondrial fractions were mostly constant, but in mitochondria they continuously increased. An abrupt decrease in membrane potential and NAD(P)H at 12 h was also found in mitochondria. The respiratory control ratio was reduced slowly with a slight recovery at 72 h, suggesting uncoupling by iron.While the ATP content of tissue homogenate decreased steadily until 72 h, it showed a prominent increase in mitochondria at 12 h. Total iron and calcium concentration also progressively increased in mitochondria over 72 h. Enzyme activity of the oxidative phosphorylation system was significantly altered by iron injection: activities of complexes I, III, and IV were reduced considerably, but complex II activity and the ATPase activity of complex V were enhanced. A reversal of activity in complexes I and II at 12 h suggested reverse electron transfer due to iron overload. These results support the argument that mitochondrial activities including oxidative phosphorylation are modulated by excessive iron.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.106-112
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• 1989

Tetralin의 액상 공기 산화반응에 N,N-dialkylamide 용매하에서 Cr(Ⅵ)의 heterocyclic base염들과 CrO$_3$-N,N-dialkylamide complex계를 적용한 결과 CrO$_3$-N,N-dialkylamide complex의 경우, 반응온도 90$^{\circ}$C에서 tetralin의 전환율이 35.2%이었고, ${\alpha}$-tetralone의 선택율은 96.1%이었으며, ${\alpha}$-tetralol은 무시할만한 양으로 생성되었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.524-528
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• 1995

The reaction of [IrCl(cod)]2 with ppol ligand, Ph2PCH2CH2CH2P(Ph)CH2CH2CH=CH2, in ethanol gives an iridium complex, whose structure is converted from an ionic form, [Ir(cod)(ppol)]Cl·2C2H5OH (1),in polar solvents (ethanol, methanol and acetonitrile), to a molecular form, [IrCl(cod)(ppol)], in non-polar solvents (benzene and toluene). The cationic complexes, [Ir(cod)(ppol)]AsF6·1/2C2H5OH and [Ir(cod)(ppol)]PF6·1/2CH3CN, were prepared to compare with the ionic form by 31P NMR spectroscopy. When carbon monoxide is introduced to 1, cod is replaced by CO to give the 5-coordinated complex, [IrCl(CO)(ppol)]. Hydrogenation of 1-octene was not successful in the presence of 1. In order to verify the reason for 1 not behaving as a good catalyst for hydrogenation, electrophilic reactions with HCl, I2 and HBF4·etherate were performed, which yielded the oxidative addition product, [IrHCl2(ppol)], the substitution product, [IrI(cod)(ppol)], and another cationic product, [Ir(cod)(ppol)]BF4, respectively. Thus, the iridium complex is not sufficiently basic to activate hydrogen atoms or the olefin of the ppol ligand.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1095-1099
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• 1998

The crystal structure of an acetylene sorption complex of dehydrated fully Mn(Ⅱ)-exchanged zeolite X, Mn46Si100Al92O384·30C2H2 (a=24.705(3) Å) has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. The structure was solved and refined in the cubic space group Fd3 at 21(l) ℃. The complex was prepared by dehydration at 380 ℃ and 2 x 10-6 Torr for 2 days, followed by exposure to 300 Torr of acetylene gas for 2 h at 24 ℃. The structure was refined to the final error indices, R1=0.060 and R2=0.054 with 383 reflections for which I > 3σ(Ⅰ). In the structure, Mn2+ ions are located at two different crystallographic sites; sixteen Mn2+ ions at site I are located at the centers of the double six rings and thirty Mn2+ ions are found at site Ⅱ in the supercage, respectively. Each of these latter Mn2+ ions is recessed ca. 0.385(2) Å into the supercage from its three-oxygen plane. Thirty acetylene molecules are sorbed per unit cell. Each Mn2+ ion at site Ⅱ lies on a threefold axis in the supercage of the unit cell, close to three equivalent trigonally arranged zeolite framework oxygen atoms (Mn(Ⅱ)-O=2.135(9) Å) and symmetrically to both carbon atoms of a C2H2 molecules. At these latter distances, the Mn(Ⅱ)-C interactions are weak (Mn(Ⅱ)-C=2.70(5) Å), probably resulting from electrostatic attractions between the divalent cations and the polarizable π-electron density of the acetylene molecules.