• Title/Summary/Keyword: Complex Action

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Cleavable Complex Formation as a Major Cellular Process in the Antibacterial Action of Quinolones

  • Park, Ji-Soo;Park, Sang-Hee;Lee, Yeon-Hee;Kong, Jae-Yang;Kim, Wan-Joo;Koo, Hyeon-Sook
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.28 no.5
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    • pp.464-470
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    • 1995
  • Quinolone antibiotics are DNA gyrase inhibitors, but their bactericidal action seems to involve more than the inhibition of DNA gyrase activity. Hence, the potentially crucial factors among possible mechanisms of quinolone action; cleavable complex formation, inhibition of DNA synthesis, and induction of SOS response were investigated. These parameters were measured in an Escherichia coli strain exposed to quinolones in the logarithmic growth phase, and correlated with the bactericidal activity of quinolones. Cleavable complex formation proved to be the factor most related to bactericidal action. Inhibition of DNA synthesis was substantially correlated with bactericidal activity, but induction of SOS response was least correlated with bactericidal activity. Therefore, it was concluded that quinolones exert bactericidal action primarily through cleavable complex formation, and subsequent unknown cellular processes together with inhibition of DNA synthesis contribute to the bactericidal activity of quinolones.

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Dehydropolycondensation of Aminopenols under the Catalytic Action of Metallic Chelate Compounds (I) Effects of the Solvents and Characteristics of the Oligomers Obtained (金屬킬레이트化合物의 觸媒作用에 依한 Aminophenol 類의 酸化的 重縮合反應 (Ⅰ) 溶媒의 效果와 生成重合體의 特性)

  • Choi, Kyu-Suck
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.114-120
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    • 1968
  • Fe-EDTA complex, which is easily formed when Fe salt and EDTA.2Na are mixed in the aqueous medium, is found to be a very effective catalyst in the dehydropolycondensation of aminophenols. In the dehydropolycondensation of aminophenols, the catalyst, Fe(Ⅲ)-EDTA complex (higher oxidation state) is reduced to less stable Fe(Ⅱ)-EDTA complex (lower oxidation state), and the latter is easily oxidized by air to the original higher oxidation state complex, therefore the catalytic action of Fe-EDTA complex is found to be recycled effectively. Under the catalytic action of the above mentioned complex, p-aminophenol is polymerized in the aqueous medium to form the oligomers of p-aminophenol, which the degree of polymerization to be 5 or more. The oligomers formed contain partly quinone nucleus as well as amino and hydroxyl groups. In this study, the effects of the solvents and characteristics of the oligomers are discussed. These types of polymerizations catalyzed by the metallic chelate compounds are considered to be very closely related to the reactions in the living matters.

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AP-SDN: Action Program enabled Software-Defined Networking Architecture

  • Zheng Zhao;Xiaoya Fan;Xin Xie;Qian Mao;Qi Zhao
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • v.17 no.7
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    • pp.1894-1915
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    • 2023
  • Software-Defined Networking (SDN) offers several advantages in dynamic routing, flexible programmable control and custom application-driven network management. However, the programmability of the data plane in traditional SDN is limited. A network operator cannot change the ability of the data plane and perform complex packet processing on the data plane, which limits the flexibility and extendibility of SDN. In the paper, AP-SDN (Action Program enabled Software-Defined Networking) architecture is proposed, which extends the action set of SDN data plane. In the proposed architecture, a modified Open vSwitch is utilized in the data plane allowing the execution of action programs at runtime, thus enabling complex packet processing. An example action program is also implemented which transparently encrypts traffic for terminals. At last, a prototype system of AP-SDN is developed and experiments show its effectiveness and performance.

On Curvature-Adapted and Proper Complex Equifocal Sub-manifolds

  • Koike, Naoyuki
    • Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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    • v.50 no.4
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    • pp.509-536
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    • 2010
  • In this paper, we investigate curvature-adapted and proper complex equifocal submanifolds in a symmetric space of non-compact type. The class of these submanifolds contains principal orbits of Hermann type actions as homogeneous examples and is included by that of curvature-adapted and isoparametric submanifolds with flat section. First we introduce the notion of a focal point of non-Euclidean type on the ideal boundary for a submanifold in a Hadamard manifold and give the equivalent condition for a curvature-adapted and complex equifocal submanifold to be proper complex equifocal in terms of this notion. Next we show that the complex Coxeter group associated with a curvature-adapted and proper complex equifocal submanifold is the same type group as one associated with a principal orbit of a Hermann type action and evaluate from above the number of distinct principal curvatures of the submanifold.

The Technology of Complex Forming for Automobile Part with Flow Control (유동제어를 통한 자동차 부품의 복합 성형기술)

  • 이동주;김동진;김병민
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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    • 1999.06b
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    • pp.185-194
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    • 1999
  • This paper suggests the new techmology to control metal flow in order to reduce the number of preforming and machining for the cold forged product with complex geometry. This technology can be summarized the complex forming, which consists of bulk forming and sheet forming, and multi-action forging, which be preformed double action dies. To analyze the process, finite element simulation has been performed. The proposed technology is applied to hub which is part of air conditioner clutch. According to the result of this study, the relative velocity of mandrel and punch is primary process variable.

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SIX DIMENSIONAL ALMOST COMPLEX TORUS MANIFOLDS WITH EULER NUMBER SIX

  • Donghoon Jang;Jiyun Park
    • Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.61 no.2
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    • pp.557-584
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    • 2024
  • An almost complex torus manifold is a 2n-dimensional compact connected almost complex manifold equipped with an effective action of a real n-dimensional torus Tn ≃ (S1)n that has fixed points. For an almost complex torus manifold, there is a labeled directed graph which contains information on weights at the fixed points and isotropy spheres. Let M be a 6-dimensional almost complex torus manifold with Euler number 6. We show that two types of graphs occur for M, and for each type of graph we construct such a manifold M, proving the existence. Using the graphs, we determine the Chern numbers and the Hirzebruch χy-genus of M.

Are there 'Action' and 'Learning' in Action Learning? -Prolog to Critical Analysis of Action Learning without 'Action' and 'Learning'- (실천학습(Action Learning)에 '실천(Action)'과 '학습(Learning)'이 존재하는가? -'실천'과 '학습'없는 실천학습에 대한 비판적 논의의 서곡-)

  • You, Yeong-Mahn
    • Knowledge Management Research
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.55-77
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    • 2003
  • In this study, some issues that are related to embody the original conception and ideal of action learning are explored in terms of misunderstanding and misuse of action learning in Korean corporate context. The conception of action learning is deconstructed through the lens of 'action' and 'learning' concept, followed by conceptual analysis to the nature of 'action' and 'learning'. Based upon this conceptual deconstruction of 'action' and 'learning', this study is conducted to categorize the concept of 'action' and 'learning' into several representative attributes. Categorization of 'action' and 'learning' leads to draw some adjectives, for examples, reflective, dynamic, complex, nonlinear, that are critical for characterizing action learning. That is, the nature and ideal of action learning are critically reviewed with the reconceptualization of 'action' and learning, which are deconstructed. The Discussion of final thoughts is on what kinds of knowledge perspectives action learning holds in comparison with those of knowledge management and on how to facilitate knowledge construction and sharing with action learning.

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Development of a Torsion Joint Yoke for Motor-Driven Power Steering System Using a Double-Action Extrusion Process (더블-액션 압출공정을 적용한 전동조향장치용 토션조인트 요크 개발)

  • Kim, H.M.;Kim, Y.K.;Park, Y.B.
    • Transactions of Materials Processing
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    • v.21 no.8
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    • pp.473-478
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    • 2012
  • The yoke, a component of conventional motor-driven power steering system, often contains welding defects from its manufacturing process. To eliminate these defects, the precision cold forging process has been tried. In this study, the double-action complex forging has been used to manufacture a torsion joint yoke. The backward extrusion proved faster than the forward extrusion in forging of the product. The double-action complex forging process utilized an upper die composed of a punch, a punch guide, a disc spring and a coil spring. The forged material pushes up the punch guide, and then the disc spring and the coil spring balances the backward extrusion force. Consequently, the flow of material was essentially in the forward direction, resulting in a successful forging operation. The forging load of Al 6061-T6 was higher than that of the automotive structural hot rolled plate.