• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.1350-1358
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• 2008

Recently the study related to life cycle cost analysis of railway structure consisted of a complex is proceeded covering several range, which is considering the methodology of efficiency and rationalization for maintenance and analysing long-time behavior of the structure of looking at standpoint from asset management and safety. But LCCA(life cycle cost analysis) of railway structure was almost impossible as there were not anything datum for maintenance plan, such as maintenance periods related to each of components(painting and corrosion of steel, and cracking of elements, etc)and maintenance proportion, despite of its 100-year history. According, for collecting data related to railway truss bridge, bridge record cards and testing safety papers, and researching question, etc are surveyed and classified for LCC Analysis. Especially, LCC assessment on the side of assets-maintenance considering about initial cost, maintenance cost, and indirect cost is constructed. Maintenance period and complementary measure rate are very important in maintenance. To decide maintenance period, Baysian updating method is applied.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.173-180
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• 2010

Cultural contents industry is a kernel industry based on knowledge. This study is to suggest some complements by watching and analyzing cultural industry policy and status of especially animation America, England, France and Japan and that of Korea to aim at American market. I described financial resources, creation and technology, development of human resources, export method, improvement of legal system for the supplementary method of animation export strategy. This reports could be applicable as a information to plan industry policy or to develop detail program.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.1452-1455
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• 2008

In order to establish active and effective recycling plans on construction wastes, the study seeks to built unit generation data per construction waste types on each sector, prepare units data on urban construction waste generation and serve as meaningful data on the establishment of policies on construction waste recycling targeting urban regions. The significance of the study is on the establishment of construction waste recycling plan prior to generation, not as complementary measures on construction waste generated.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.20 no.43
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• pp.381-392
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• 1997

Korea and Japan have maintained an intimate relationship of economic exchange. However, even though both countries have made sound advances in the ASIAN market, they have not established mutually remarkable cooperative relations and advances in the ASIAN market. If korean companies with abundant experience and management ability provide able managers and skilled labor and if Japanese companies provide construction technology, capital and information, they could enjoy enomorous mutual benefits by advancing in the area of plant construction in foreign countries. Therefore, if they cooperate with each other by establishing complementary cooperation, both countries can gain an advantage in international competitiveness with western advanced countries.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.97-111
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• 2014

As urbanization and industrialization develops, the necessity of utilizing scarce land in three dimensions is raising. The issue of utilizing underground space is being actively discussed particularly when Geyeonggi-do announced GTX(Great Train Express) construction plan which aims to relieve traffic congestion in metropolitan areas. The current regulation on compensation of underground space is based on "Regulations on compensation standard complied by using underground space for construction of urban railway" but it is difficult for covering the whole rights to protect a three-dimensional right. In this context, the study is to propose the improvement plans of land right's problem and compensation issues to utilization of underground space for the right complementary. To do this, the study reviews the use situation of the classification surface right and using adjudication which defines the effect scope of underground space extending land ownership. As well as it analyzes issues about compensation standard for utilizing of underground space.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.37-44
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• 1999

A number of the retail and traditional market customer is decrease, whereas that of the supermarket in department-store customers in is increase. This case suggests that customers have a preference for much more comfortable and pleasant shopping places And making a resonable purchase in the supermarkets where we can find various goods and price zone, is now garden variety. It is a current course that once the manager ask an architect for multi-functional space design in department-store and then the architect compose a team and start to design. Of course, the team of planner thinking manage give the design team the basic material data such as commerce analysis and the use of each layer in the department store but, the design team solve the assignment by architectural form, functional space plan and the limited architecture law. After establishing general design for architecture, we can ask shopping-mall distribution, products display and interior design of the interior design general design for architecture, we can ask shopping-mall distribution, products display and interior design of the interior design team. so it is inevitable that the interior design team concerning M·D can find lots of complementary factors with architecture design. The purpose of this study is analyzing the differences of architecture design, which has to accept the limited law and interior design concerning M·D, satisfying the structure and the law in the future design for the department-store. Also the purpose of this thesis is suggestion the items architects and interior designers research into together to make the inner space ideally.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.64-73
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• 2010

This study aims to analyse the spatial characteristics and to draw the declining areas from the whole area of Chung-Cheong Province. For this purpose, the temporal and spatial conditions by the urban decline diagnosis indexes are utilized. Additionally, the spatial autocorrelation method was applied for extraction of those areas. The spatial autocorrelation method is one of the methods on exploring spatial characteristics and considering the spatial factors. We also adopted the concepts of economics and then discovered the characteristics of deprivation areas. In applying this method, the positively valued areas were classified as the complementary areas, and the negatively valued areas as the substitutional areas. The findings show the declining areas and the growing areas caused by the growth of periphery. This study supports the regeneration plan of Chung-Cheong Province in extracting depressed or activated areas and explaining the characteristics of those areas.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.172-186
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the science lesson plan of pre-service elementary teachers about condensation. Pre-service elementary school teachers in A national university of education was included in this study. Through the analysis of prior research and expert review, a framework for analysis of science lesson plan of pre-service elementary teachers was derived. The results of the using the analysis frame are as follows: First, the ability to apply the instructional model in the science lesson plan about condensation differences in pre-service elementary teachers need to be enhanced due to deviations, and teaching on the exact understanding of condensation-related concepts of pre-service elementary teachers is also needed. Second, there is also a deviation of pre-service elementary teachers in the beginning, development, and finishing composition of lesson course, so feedback should be supplemented. Third, in the sub-domain of lesson environment, there was a demand for specific know-how on the lesson environment. Therefore, support is needed for related PCK growth. Fourth, the sub-domain of lesson evaluation have a variety of perspectives on timing and subjects, and some missing about learning objectives in the composition of evaluation content are found to require complementary teaching. In order to improve this situation, it was found that there was a need to prepare conditions for improving science teaching professionalism of pre-service elementary teachers through in-depth discussions on the teaching methods and organization related to science education in the university of education course.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.21-28
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• 2011

This paper was able to indicate to the results the following thing that attempted a required potential development demand, through the contents and cost analysis in Rural Community Development Project. Nowadays, Rural Areas comparatively have a lot of development demands related to improvements environmental of residence life and construction of Urban-Rural Exchange Facility, on the other and, there is comparatively a few facilities demands regarding agriculture production. Demand is cold storage facilities and agricultural products direct sale facilities expansion to be able to raise value added of agricultural products as facilities related comparatively a little agriculture production, and an improvement of residence life comparatively has a lot of repair environmental uninhabited house repair, river-front and the roadside, rest shelter creation demands. However, that should be forecasted so that aging of rural, population decrease and development demand is caused by a lot of issues such as maintenances operation of many Urban-Rural Exchange Facilities and a similar program and content has a lot of them in bilateral adjacent zones. Therefore, in the future plan shall attempt efficiency operating facilities and a program through characterization and network of zone so that facilities and program can have complementary relation in the adjacent zones. And item development and an investor are necessary regarding new labor force supply for continuous value maintenance of space and returning to the farm that there were the reverse agriculture production and Amenity which are an rural village. Furthermore, developmental plan of rural village is necessary through the demand analyses that a citizen wishing for things.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.3 s.56
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• pp.118-125
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• 2006

A number of the retail and traditional market customer is decrease, whereas that of the supermarket in department-store customers is increase. This case suggests that customers have a preference for much more comfortable and pleasant shopping places And making a reasonable purchase in the supermarkets where we can find various goods and price zone, is now garden variety. It is a current course that once the manager ask an architect for multi-functional space design in department-store and then the architect compose a team and start to design. Of course, the team of planner thinking manage give the design team the basic material data such as commerce analysis and the use of each layer in the department store but, the design team solve the assignment by architectural form, functional space plan and the limited architecture law, After establishing general design for architecture, we can ask shopping-mall distribution, products display and interior design of the interior design team. so it is inevitable that the interior design team concerning M$\cdot$D can find lots of complementary factors with architecture design. The purpose of this study is analyzing the differences of architecture design, which has to accept the limited law and interior design concerning M$\cdot$D, satisfying the structure and the law in the future design for the department-store. Also the purpose of this thesis is suggestion the items architects and interior designers research into together to make the inner space ideally.