• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.1544-1549
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• 2024

This study presents a fluorescent mechanism for two-step amplification by combining two widely used techniques, exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR) and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA). Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) engaged in competition with the complementary DNA in order to attach to the aptamer that had been fixed on the magnetic beads. The unbound complementary strand in the liquid above was utilized as a trigger sequence to initiate the protective-EXPAR (p-EXPAR) process, resulting in the generation of a substantial quantity of short single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). The amplified ssDNA can initiate the second CHA amplification process, resulting in the generation of many double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) products. The CHA reaction was initiated by the target/trigger DNA, resulting in the release of G-quadruplex sequences. These sequences have the ability to bond with the fluorescent amyloid dye thioflavin T (ThT), generating fluorescence signals. The method employed in this study demonstrated a detection limit of 16 CFU/ml and exhibited a strong linear correlation within the concentration range of 50 CFU/ml to 10⁵ CFU/ml. This method of signal amplification has been effectively utilized to create a fluorescent sensing platform without the need for labels, enabling the detection of P. aeruginosa with high sensitivity.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.8C
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• pp.1069-1075
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• 2004

In this paper, we show the equivalence between complementary code keying (CCK) codeword and coset of the first order Reed-Muller (RM) code with variables of three. The CCK codewords are Golay sequences which have peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of two at most and can correct one error. We propose a CCK-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modem to reduce PAPR. Also, we present the performance improvement techniques by increasing the variables of four to correct three errors and reduce PAPR at least 9㏈ with this system. Although, two Fast Hadamard Transform (FHT) blocks of size 8 64 are required at the receiver, we reduce the complexity by using FHT blocks of size 8 64 and 2 4 without deteriorating the performance. We generalize our results that we may increase the variables of RM code to enhance the error correcting and PAPR reduction capabilities without increasing receiver's complexity.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

DS-CDMA system has very low bandwidth efficiency, hence it is difficult to maintain high spreading gain for high speed data transmission. Offset stacked spreading CDMA(OSS-CDMA) is a transmission scheme where spreading codes with chip offsets are overlapped, then transmitted. This kind of system requires a code set that guarantees orthogonality between codes in the set of any cjip offset. An orthogonal complementary code set has a property that the crosscorrelation function between codes in the group is zero for all shifts, hence it can be used for an OSS-CDMA system. In an OCC-OSS CDMA system each user is assigned an orthogonal complementary code group. User data bit is spread by the given codes and overlapped, and the code sequences are transmitted with multicarrier. However, the offset stacked spread sequences are multilevel, and the number of symbol levels is increases as the spreading efficiency is increased. When the OSS sequence is transmitted with MPSK mapping, the signal constellation becomes dense, and the system is easily affected by channel impairments. In this paper, we propose a level clipping scheme on OSS sequence before MPSK modulated. Simulations have been carried out to investigate the BER performance of the OCC-OSS CDMA system in AWGN environment. The results show that proposed scheme outperform the scheme without level clipping.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 2001

A complementary DNA encoding metallothionein(MT), a heavy metal-responsive protein was cloned from a cartilaginous shark species. Scyliorhinus torazame. An expressed sequence tag(EST)from the shark liver, which showed high similarity with a MT gene, was isolated and its full-length sequence(390bp)was determined. The putative shark MT cDNA sequence contained an open reading frame consisting 68 amino acids and 182bp of 3-untranslated region including the poly (A+) signal. The deduced amino acid sequence was 41-54% identical to those of other animals including mammals and fish species. Tiger shark MT cDNA showed high conservation in the Cys regions. however, peculiarly contained not only additional five amino acids just prior to the conserved beta-domain but also a Ser residue at C terminal, which has not been seen in other MT sequences.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.1057-1064
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• 2013

p70 ribosomal S6 kinase (p70S6K) can integrate nutrient and growth factor signals to promote cell growth and survival. We report our molecular characterization of the complementary DNA (cDNA) that encodes the goat p70S6K gene 40S ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) (GenBank accession GU144017) and its 3' noncoding sequence in Inner Mongolia Cashmere goats (Capra hircus). Goat S6K1 cDNA was 2,272 bp and include an open reading frame (ORF) of 1,578 bp, corresponding to a polypeptide of 525 amino acids, and a 694-residue 3' noncoding sequence with a polyadenylation signal at nucleotides 2,218 to 2,223. The relative abundance of S6K1 mRNA was measured by real-time PCR in 6 tissues, and p70S6K expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in heart and testis. The phosphorylation of p70S6K is regulated by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in fetal fibroblasts.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.86-86
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• 2003

Phytophthora capsici is a pathogen on several economically important crops including pepper. In pepper growing areas in Korea, Phytophthora blight caused by p. capsici has been considered as the most serious problem in pepper production. The Oomycete attacks the roots, stems, leaves and fruits of the plant. To understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the disease development, the genes expressed doting pepper p. capsici interaction were explored by analyzing expressed sequence tags (ESTs). A complementary DNA (cDNA) library was constructed from total RNA extracted from pepper leaves challenged with p. capsici for 3 days resulting in early stage of symptom development. The comprehensive analysis on the single pass sequencing of over 4000 randomly selected cDNA clones with contig assembly, unique gene extraction, sequence comparison, and functional categorizing will be presented with an emphasis on the genes involved in plant defense and pathogenicity during disease development of the pepper Phytophthora blight.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.77-89
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• 2018

The chromosomes of all the world are the same in all 24 pairs, but the key, skin color and appearance are different. Also, it is the resistance of adult disease, diabetes, cancer. In 1953, Watson, Crick of Cambridge University experimentally discovered a DNA double helix structure, and in 1962, They laureates the Nobel Prize. In 1964, Temin, University of Wisconsin, USA, experimentally identified the ability to copy gene information from RNA to DNA and received the Nobel Prize in 1975. In this paper, we analyzed 24 pairs of DNA chromosomes using mathematical matrices based on the combination order sequence of four groups, and designed the Taegeuk pattern genetic code for the first time in the world. In the case of normal persons, the middle Yin-Yang taegeuk is designed as a block circulant Jacket matrix in DNA, and the left-right and upper-lower pairs of east-west and north-south rulings are designed as pair complementary matrices. If (C U: A G) chromosomes are unbalanced, that is, people with disease or inheritance become squashed squirming patterns. In 2017, Professor Michel Young was awarded a Nobel by presenting a biological clock and experimentally explained the bio-imbalance through a yellow fruit fly experiment.This study proved mathematical matrices for balanced and unbalanced RNA.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 2017

Protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) is an important epigenetic regulator in eukaryotic cells. During encystation, an essential process for Acanthamoeba survival, the expression of a lot of genes involved in the encystation process has to be regulated in order to be induced or inhibited. However, the regulation mechanism of these genes is yet unknown. In this study, the full-length 1,059 bp cDNA sequence of Acanthamoeba castellanii PRMT1 (AcPRMT1) was cloned for the first time. The AcPRMT1 protein comprised of 352 amino acids with a SAM-dependent methyltransferase PRMT-type domain. The expression level of AcPRMT1 was highly increased during encystation of A. castellanii. The EGFP-AcPRMT1 fusion protein was distributed over the cytoplasm, but it was mainly localized in the nucleus of Acanthamoeba. Knock down of AcPRMT1 by synthetic siRNA with a complementary sequence failed to form mature cysts. These findings suggested that AcPRMT1 plays a critical role in the regulation of encystation of A. castellanii. The target gene of AcPRMT1 regulation and the detailed mechanisms need to be investigated by further studies.

• ALGAE
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.303-312
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• 2015

The intimate physical interaction between food algae and sacoglossan sea slug is a pertinent system to test the theory that “you are what you eat.” Some sacoglossan mollusks ingest and maintain chloroplasts that they acquire from the algae for photosynthesis. The basis of photosynthesis maintenance in these sea slugs was often explained by extensive horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from the food algae to the animal nucleus. Two large-scale expressed sequence tags databases of the green alga Bryopsis plumosa and sea slug Placida dendritica were established using 454 pyrosequencing. Comparison of the transcriptomes showed no possible case of putative HGT, except an actin gene from P. dendritica, designated as PdActin04, which showed 98.9% identity in DNA sequence with the complementary gene from B. plumosa, BpActin03. Highly conserved homologues of this actin gene were found from related green algae, but not in other photosynthetic sea slugs. Phylogenetic analysis showed incongruence between the gene and known organismal phylogenies of the two species. Our data suggest that HGT is not the primary reason underlying the maintenance of short-term kleptoplastidy in Placida dendritica.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.117-117
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• 2017

The onion (Allium cepa L.) is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium, especially it has been valued because of the pungent flavor and aroma. Allium species including onion has very large genome sizes ranging from approximately 10 to 20 Gbp, which have complicated genomic studies and precluded genome sequencing until recently. A population of 186 F2 individuals derived from a cross of 'Umjinara' ${\times}$ 'Sinsunhwang' and the two parental lines were used for this study. For the development of framework map, various types of markers including SSRs, RAPD, SNPs, and CAPS makers have been used for polymorphism test. Especially, a lot of SNP and CAPS loci were developed from the onion transcriptome sequence by RNASEQ of two parental lines. The GBS libraries have been constructed based on a modified protocol from Poland Lab using a two-enzyme system. We have been developing markers showing polymorphism between two parental lines, and genotyping for all F2 individuals were finished for a number of polymorphic markers. For the construction of GBS libraries, a set of 192 barcoded adapters were generated from complementary oligonucleotides with XhoI overhang sequence and unique barcodes of length 4-8 bp and they have been tested using two parental linesto determine the optimum conditions for GBS analysis.