• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제16권7호
• /
• pp.839-845
• /
• 2007

It is necessary to draw up many plans to solve problems in the management of groundwater resources in Jeju Island while systematically develop and utilize water resources at an optimal level. It also seems to an evitable option to establish Groundwater Management Areas in Jeju Island. The excess use of groundwater could be discouraged by imposing charges on those licenses. Such policy as allowance trading system do not appear to be because of transaction costs, but could be applied if only were accompanied by complementary method. The methods of using and conserving the limited resources of groundwater should be founded through socially agreeable and appropriate ways. The policy complemented allowance trading system by Pigouian tax could be effective to regulate licenses. This is cutting the numbers of licenses at a constant rate, imposing charges on those who want to continue using licenses, and reimbursing in cash to those who return the licenses.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.115-121
• /
• 2010

백두산 일대에서 2002년 5월부터 2008년 9월까지 많은 균류을 채집하여 동정 하였다. 그 결과 미기록종으로 확인된 종은 비단깔대기버섯 (Clitocybe alnetorum), 접시깔대기버섯 (C. catinus), 변색깔대기버섯 (C. metachroa), 흰깔대기버섯 (C. odora var. alba), 나뭇잎깔대기버섯 (C. phyllophilla), 예쁜광대버섯 (Amanita muscaria var. formosa), 노랑마귀광대버섯 (A. pantherina var. lutea), 반먹물버섯 (Coprinus semitalis), 광택볏짚버섯 (Agrocybe dura), 줄무늬땀버섯 (Inocybe grammata), 회색껍질끈적버섯 (Cortinarius epipolius), 거미집끈적버섯 (C. nemorensis)이 였다. 이들 미기록종을 한국산 버섯목록에 추가하여 균류자원으로 활용하고자 한다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.103-111
• /
• 2002

공동도급은 상호 수행하기를 원하는 프로젝트가 있을 때, 시장성확보, 조직, 프로젝트 수행 등의 이유로 룰 이상의 회사가 함께 힘을 합쳐 조직을 구성하는 것을 말한다. 공동도급은 상호 보완하는 것에 기초하게 되는데 기술력, 설계-시공능력, 지리적 위치, 자본력 등 수주를 하기 위하여 반드시 필요한 요소가 부족할 때 이러한 취약성을 극복하기 위하여 만들어지는 것이 기본적인 취지이다. 본 연구의 목적은 효율적인 공동도급 운영모델에 관한 연구로서 국내 대규모 건축공사 사례를 중심으로 공동도급의 발전 방향을 제시하고 합리적인 조직을 구성하는 대안를 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2017

It is difficult to combine oriental and western medicine. Each medicine has a different academic background, perspective on the world, and studying methodology. The claim that two paradigms can not be combined is not obtained from an actual verification, but this means it is so hard to combine two medicines having different backgrounds. The amalgamation of oriental and western medicine should be phased in on the basis of the continuous reciprocal understanding and commitment. First, the strength and weakness of each medicine over the treatment and research are required to be identified. Then, a few complementary areas can be chosen enabling a trial of fusion on a small scale. A cycle of problem solving and a new research can be set by analyzing research results obtained through the implementation over a period of time. In other words, the researchers of oriental and western medicine should repeat a continuous and gradual complementary research process by identifying issues to be improved and complemented through a consensus. Once the methodology obtained through the process of problem solving and proficient implementation is established in a stable condition, a method to widen the fusion area by expanding the operating area and implementation method can be chosen. However, the integral system of oriental medicine shouldn't be substituted by mechanical idea or reductionism. What should be done primarily for oriental medicine is to objectify things through quantification. In particular, the oriental treatment should accept the microscopic diagnosis to determine the structure and observe the biochemical change.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.293-307
• /
• 2023

This study uses bibliometric methods to analyze publications regarding the use of acupuncture in osteoarthritis over the past 20 years and presents an overview of global research trends. Publications related to acupuncture in osteoarthritis from 2003 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection Database. An analysis of the extracted records was conducted according to their publication year, research area, journal title, country, organization, author, and keywords. The VOSviewer program was used to visualize the research trends on acupuncture in osteoarthritis. An analysis of 380 articles indicated a consistent increase in the use of acupuncture for osteoarthritis treatment over the past 20 years. Many articles have been published in research areas such as "integrative complementary medicine" and "general internal medicine." The most prolific journal was Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. In terms of article publication, the most productive country and research organization were China and the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, respectively. The most frequently occurring keywords were "acupuncture," "knee osteoarthritis," and "pain." This study used a bibliometric analysis to provide an overview of global research trends on acupuncture in osteoarthritis. These findings may suggest the future direction of research on the treatment of acupuncture in osteoarthritis.

• 성인간호학회지
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.781-789
• /
• 2006

Purpose: This study is to examine the effect of auricular acupressure therapy on smoking cessation for male adult in rural areas. Method: Research design was nonequivalent control pretest-posttest design. The samples were 90 male adults(Experimental: 40, Control: 40) in a community. Measures were the number of cigarette smoking per day, dependency on nicotine, and need for smoking. Auricular acupressure therapy, experimental treatment was applied for 2 weeks, 2 times/week, 3 day/time. Data were collected from June 2005 to December 2005. Data were analyzed using SPSS PC+ 12 version. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ${\chi}^2-test$, were used for each aim of this study. Results: The number of cigarette smoking per day (t= 13.230, p=.000), dependency on nicotine (t=-29.743, p=.000), and need for smoking (t=-19.799, p=.000) were significantly decreased in the experimental group by application of the auricular acupressure therapy. Conclusion: Auricular Acupressure Therapy can be a better effective primary nursing intervention on smoking cessation for male adults in rural areas through reverification by a study of repetition.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제65권2호
• /
• pp.354-359
• /
• 2016

Power plants maintenance data is to be sent to management server system via a communication network. In this case, reliable communication network is required. Transmission of the power plants maintenance data is used in the wired communication network or wireless communication network. PLC communication network is a kind of wired communication network. However PLC communication network is easily affected by noise. On the vulnerable areas in power line system, such as a mountain or rural areas, it is difficult to form a power line communication network. For a wireless communication, environment are also influenced factors in wireless communication. Harsh environmental factors are bring the communication characteristic degradation. In such areas it can be used a combination of two networks and in this way the complementary function can be achieved. Power plants are distributed in various regions across the country. The appropriate communication network is needed to maintain the power plant.This study investigated the effect of environment on the wired communication and wireless communication. It would examine a variable factor which is affect to the communication characteristic. We used PLC communication for wired communication network and ZigBee communication for wireless communication network. We investigated the characteristics of a single communication network and it raised the need for a complex communication technology to complement a single communication network.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제55권6호
• /
• pp.101-112
• /
• 2013

Shuttle Radar Topography Mission Digital Elevation Model (SRTM DEM) offers opportunities to make advances in many research areas including hydrology by providing near-global scale elevation measurements at a uniform resolution. Its wide coverage and complimentary online access especially benefits researchers requiring topographic information of hard-to-access areas. However, SRTM DEM also contains inherent errors, which are subject to propagation with its manipulation into analysis outputs. Sensitivity of hydrologic analysis to the errors has not been fully understood yet. This study investigated their impact on estimation of hydrologic derivatives such as slope, stream network, and watershed boundary using Monte Carlo simulation and spatial moving average techniques. Different amount of the errors and their spatial auto-correlation structure were considered in the study. Two sub-watersheds of Geum and Deadong River areas located in South and North Korea, respectively, were selected as the study areas. The results demonstrated that the spatial presentations of stream networks and watershed boundaries and their length and area estimations could be greatly affected by the SRTM DEM errors, in particular relatively flat areas. In the Deadong River area, artifacts of the SRTM DEM created sinks even after the filling process and then closed drainage basin and short stream lines, which are not the case in the reality. These findings provided an evidence that SRTM DEM alone may not enough to accurately figure out the hydrologic feature of a watershed, suggesting need of local knowledge and complementary data.

• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제52권
• /
• pp.111-132
• /
• 2018

'사랑과 정의의 관계'에 접근하는 방식은 이를 주장하는 사람마다 다양하다. 양자의 관계를 대립적으로 보아 사랑의 우위를 주장하거나 아니면 정의의 우위를 주장할 수 있다. 또 양자를 대립적 관계가 아니라 보완적 관계로 파악하여 서로가 서로를 필요로 하는 것으로 주장할 수도 있다. 그러나 헤겔은 사랑과 정의를 각각 서로 다른 영역에서 적용되는 독자적 구성원리로 파악하고, 이를 대립적 관계로도 보완적 관계로도 보지 않는다. 이는 그의 독특한 인정이론의 구조를 전제로 할 때 비로소 이해가능하다. 여기에서는 '헤겔의 인정이론' 속에서 '사랑과 정의의 관계'를 살펴보고자 한다. 주로 헤겔의 인정이론에 대한 철학적인 핵심사항을 살펴보고, 그 기초 위에서 '사랑과 정의의 관계'에 대해 어떠한 결과를 끌어낼 수 있는지 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 거칠게나마 테제의 형식으로 정리한다면, 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있을 것이다. - 헤겔은 인정의 다양한 형태로서 사회적 관계의 세 형태인 가족, 시민사회, 국가에 각각 사랑, 정의, 연대를 그 구성원리로서 제시한다. 헤겔에게서 사랑과 정의는 일반적으로 양자의 관계를 파악하듯이 대립적 관계에 있지도 않으며, 보완적 관계에 있지도 않다. - 헤겔의 인정이론에서 사랑과 정의는 각각 타당한 영역이 다를 뿐이다. 사랑은 친밀성의 영역에 타당한 원리이고, 정의는 비친밀성의 영역에 타당한 원리이다. 따라서 친밀성의 영역에 정의와 권리를 주장하게 되면 친밀성의 영역이 파괴되고, 비친밀성의 영역에 사랑을 주장하게 되면 실제적인 영향력을 행사할 수 없다. - 친밀성과 비친밀성이 서로 중첩되는 국가라는 정치적 공동체에서는 가족의 경우처럼 사랑의 원리 위에 서 있거나 시민사회의 경우처럼 정의의 원리 위에 서 있는 것이 아니라, 새로운 구성원리인 공동성의 토대 위에서 연대의 원리가 필요하다.

• Strategy21
• /
• 통권42호
• /
• pp.258-292
• /
• 2017

This paper is designed to make a national strategic concept for the ROK's maritime security and to explore cooperation directions for the ROK Navy and Coast Guard in order to implement the newly-made maritime security strategic concept. As strategy is composed of three main categories(goals, ways, means), the goal of the ROK's maritime security strategy is 'Safe and Affluent Sea' and the way to realize the goal is the principle of cooperative leverage, and the means as tasks to implement the strategic concept are maritime safety, maritime security, and maritime stewardship. The concept of national fleet as used in the US is applied to promoting the cooperation between the ROK Navy and Coast Guard. Thus, under the newly-established maritime security strategic concept along with the national fleet model, followings are suggested as policy proposals for facilitating mutual cooperation between the ROK Navy and Coast Guard in dealing with not only traditional threats but also non-traditional treats at sea and from the sea as well. First, the ROK Navy and Coast Guard has been making efforts to enhance interoperability between the two sea services. However, the mutual cooperations have been focused mainly on areas on operational level rather than policy level. Therefore, the two sea services are recommended to enlarge exchanges and cooperation in policy areas. Second, there are still demands for further cooperation areas between the two sea services in command and communications. The interoperability in C2 between the two needs to be upgraded even to the areas of anti-terrorist activities ar sea, ASUW, ASW, maritime interdiction, etc. Third, mutual comparability between the two needs to be reflected in the maritime forces development to ensure the comparability in UNREP and other logistics areas. Fourth, the standardization of logistical materials and equipments is needed as a way of sustaining operational capability and logistical capacity for the ROK Navy and Coast Guard as well. Fifth, the ROK Navy and Coast Guard are recommended to participate more actively in international maritime cooperation activities such as PASSEX. Sixth, Complementary laws and regulations need further to be revised and to be newly made for collectively managing swiftly maritime accidents and natural disasters at sea.