• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.870-878
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of compassion satisfaction and social support in the relationship between compassion fatigue and burnout among hospital nurses. Methods: The participants were 430 nurses working in general hospitals. Data were collected with self-administrated questionnaires and analyzed by hierarchical multiple regression. Results: (a) Compassion fatigue had a significant positive effect on burnout; (b) social support and compassion satisfaction had negative effects on burnout, and (c) social support and compassion satisfaction did not moderate the effects of compassion fatigue on burnout. Conclusion: These findings provide strong empirical evidence for the importance of compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction and social support in explaining burnout of nurses. Also, it would be of great value to further define compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction even though these concepts are not accepted in the realities of health care.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.689-697
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of work stress, compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction on burnout in clinical nurses. Methods: The sample consisted of 268 nurses from two general hospitals located in Seoul and Gyunggi province. Data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations, t-test, ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$, Pearson Correlation and Hierarchial Multiple Regression. Results: Compassion fatigue had a significant positive effect on burnout, while Compassion satisfaction had a negative effect on burnout. The explained variance for burnout was 49% and compassion satisfaction was the most significant factor in burnout of nurses. Conclusion: The results indicate that the factors influencing nurses' burnout are work stress, compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction. Therefore strategies to decrease work stress and compassion fatigue and to enhance compassion satisfaction for nurses are needed.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.459-469
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• 2017

Purpose: Nurses experience burnout related to various factors. For this descriptive research job stress, compassion satisfaction, and compassion fatigue were examined as to their relationship to burnout in nurses from children's hospital. Methods: The participants were 305 nurses working in children's hospital. Self-report questionnaires were used to measure job stress, compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue and burnout. Results: Nurses in children's hospital experienced a greater than moderate degree of job stress, compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue and burnout, whereas differences existed according to general characteristics. Job stress, compassion fatigue and burnout showed a significant positive correlation and results of compassion fatigue and burnout were similar. Also, job stress, compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue were associated with burnout in nurses working in children's hospital. Conclusion: Findings indicate that as longer work experience is accompanied by higher job stress and burnout, it is necessary to develop intervention programs to reduce burnout among career nurses exposed to greater job stress in children's hospital.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.38-51
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• 2012

Purpose: In this study the literature of compassion fatigue in nurses was reviewed in order to analyze the trends of overall research for level of fatigue, symptoms, and factors. Methods: For this study, five databases were searched using the key words 'compassion fatigue', 'secondary traumatization', 'secondary traumatic stress', and 'vicarious traumatization'. Thirty-six papers were analyzed. Results: Most of the compassion fatigue research (86%) was conducted between 2006 and 2011 and the most frequent research approach was quantitative research with the ProQOL which was the most frequently used instrument in the studies. He research was conducted in pediatric, emergency & trauma, oncology, psychiatric, and hospice units with no consistent patterns of t compassion fatigue levels. Factors affecting compassion fatigue were personal factors such as age, education background, work-related factors such as caring for trauma patients, work hours, psychological factors such as work stress, burnout, and support/coping factors such as organizational support, and coping resources. Conclusion: Nurses' compassion fatigue varied from low to high by nursing specialties. Many factors affected the compassion fatigue of nurses. In the future there is a need for study on Korean nurses, and identification of groups at risk for compassion fatigue. Furthermore there is a need to develop management programs on compassion fatigue in nurses, stress reduction and wellbeing.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.255-264
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of the study were to analyze the research trends of compassion fatigue in Korea nurses and to suggest future research directions. Methods: For this study, RISS, KISTI, KISS, National Assembly Library databases were searched using the key words 'compassion fatigue', 'secondary traumatic stress', 'professional quality of life' that contains compassion fatigue as a sub-element, and 'nurses' for this study. A total of 124 articles published in June 2014 were searched and analyzed 19 articles for the final analysis. Results: The most frequently used study design was descriptive (N=17, 89.5%). High compassion fatigue was reported in this study. Factors affecting compassion fatigue were personal factors (e.g., age, health state, and sleep hours), work-related factors (e.g., experience with traumatized patients), and psychological factors (e.g., job stress, anxiety, excessive empathy, social support, and coping strategy). Finally, Consequence factors of compassion fatigue was reported burnout, silencing response and turnover intention. Conclusion: There was a few studies on compassion fatigue. Further research on compassion fatigue needs to use a variety of study designs instruments suitable for Korean nurses, and to develop management programs on compassion fatigue in nurses.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.348-358
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• 2014

Purpose: This was a descriptive correlation study to identify emergency room (ER) nurses' coping types and factors affecting compassion satisfaction (CS) and compassion fatigue. Methods: During March and April 2013, 170 questionnaires were distributed to ER nurses working in general hospitals in D and C regions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and stepwise regression analysis. Results: Compassion fatigue was most strongly affected by emotional expression for burnout and by practical support pursuit for secondary traumatic stress. Positive coping, emotional expression, position, positive reinterpretation, and self-blame explained 42% of CS. Conclusion: Results indicate that nurses with moderate levels of career had high compassion fatigue and low compassion satisfaction. Thus these nurses need to be given an opportunity to achieve self-development and improve their ability as nurses; interventions that can reinforce positive coping strategies should be provided as personal coping strategies affect compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제69권2호
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• pp.271-294
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• 2017

사회복지사는 클라이언트의 고통을 공감하고 고통 속에 있는 클라이언트를 걱정하며 그 고통을 덜어주기 위해 노력한다. 이를 연민(compassion)이라고 하며 연민은 효과적인 사회복지실천을 위한 필수 요소이다. 연민은 사회복지사에게 스트레스와 같은 부정적 결과를 주기도 하고 만족감 같은 긍정적 결과를 제공하기도 한다. 긍정적 결과를 연민만족, 부정적 결과를 연민피로라고 한다. 본 연구의 목적은 연민만족과 연민피로를 측정하기 위해 개발된 한국어판 ProQOL을 평가한 다음, 사회복지사의 연민만족도와 연민피로도를 파악하고, 연민만족도와 연민피로도를 조합하여 사회복지사들을 군집으로 분류하는데 있다. 본 연구에는 수도권에서 활동하는 사회복지사 284명이 참여하였다. 확인적 요인분석 결과 한국어판 ProQOL은 기존 연구결과와 마찬가지로 2요인으로 구성되었고 신뢰도와 타당도 또한 양호하여 사회복지사의 연민만족과 연민피로를 측정하기에 적합한 도구로 판명되었다. 본 연구에 참여한 사회복지사의 연민만족도는 보통 이상 수준이었고 연민피로도는 보통 이하 수준이었다. 연령이 상대적으로 많고 학력이 높고, 경력이 많거나, 또는 직급이 높은 사회복지사의 연민만족도가 높았다. 군집분석 결과, 본 연구에 참여한 사회복지사들은 3개 군집으로 나누어졌다. 군집1은 연민만족은 중간수준이고 연민피로는 가장 낮은 군집이었고, 군집2는 연민만족도는 가장 낮았고 연민피로도는 중간수준이었으며, 군집3은 연민만족도와 연민피로도 모두 가장 높은 수준이었다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.373-382
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of empathy, resilience and self-care on compassion fatigue in oncology nurses. Methods: The study design was a descriptive survey and questionnaires were collected from December 1 to 15, 2013. Participants were 171 oncology nurses caring for cancer patients. Data was analyzed using independent t-test, $Scheff\acute{e}$ test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Results: Seventy two percent of the participants reported a moderate to high level of compassion fatigue. Empathy was positively correlated with compassion fatigue, whereas, resilience and self-care had negative correlations with compassion fatigue. Finally, empathy, resilience, self-care and age accounted for 30% of the variance in compassion fatigue. Conclusion: Results indicate that empathy, resilience and self-care are factors influencing compassion fatigue. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and make available programs embracing personal factors in the prevention and reduction of compassion fatigue.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.272-280
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to identify the effects of Type D personality on compassion fatigue, burnout, compassion satisfaction, and job stress in clinical nurses. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 172 clinical nurses working in two tertiary hospitals. The structured questionnaires included Type D personality scale, compassion fatigue, burnout, compassion satisfaction, and job stress scales. Results: About 79.7% of participants were classified as Type D personality group. The Type D personality was not related to general characteristics of clinical nurses. The Type D personality group showed statistically significant higher compassion fatigue, burnout, and job stress and lower compassion satisfaction compared to the non-Type D personality group. In addition, compassion fatigue and burnout were positively correlated with job stress and compassion fatigue was positively correlated with burnout. However, compassion satisfaction was negatively correlated with burnout. Conclusion: As the prevalence of Type D personality is high in clinical nurses, it is necessary to assess stress-related personality. In addition, management for the nurse with Type D personality is required to alleviate compassion fatigue, burnout, and job stress and to improve compassion satisfaction.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of nursing practice environment, compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction on burnout among clinical nurses in Korea. Methods: A descriptive crosssectional study was conducted. The sample consisted of 210 clinical nurses from three tertiary hospitals located in Seoul. Measurement instruments included the Korean version of the Practice Environment Scale of Nursing Work Index (K-PES-NWI) and Stamm's professional quality of life (ProQOL). Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Results: Nursing practice environment had moderate negative influence on burnout (r=-.38, p<.001). Compassion fatigue had strong positive influence on burnout (r=.50, p<.001), while compassion satisfaction had strong negative influence on burnout (r=-.61, p<.001). The regression model explained 63% of variance of burnout and the compassion satisfaction was the most influencing factor for nurses' burnout. Conclusion: This study identified nursing practice environment, compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction as influencing factors for nurses' burnout. Strategies to decrease compassion fatigue, enhance compassion satisfaction and create better nursing practice environment are recommended to decrease nurses' burnout.