• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.741-744
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• 2023

This study focused on high school laboratory research and the main purpose was to develop alternative additives for livestock waste and ammonia volatilization methods with high school students as participants and to provide information to business owners based on the results. Compared to the control groups, The bentonite and illite treatment groups had similar ammonia volatilization, pH, EC, and total nitrogen content. In particular, the alum and aluminum chloride mixed treatment group showed low pH and ammonia volatilization, and high EC and total nitrogen content for poultry litter. As a result, when focusing on high school laboratory research, the alum and aluminum chloride mixed agent treatment fulfilled its role as an alternative additive for ammonia reduction. In addition, this approach can be suggested as a method to solve difficulties in adapting to the field through a practical cooperative relationship with livestock farms.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제36권9호
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• pp.1000-1013
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• 2012

This study analyzes public images, role types, and fashion images of Korean First Ladies in modern times to find a correlation of a standard through an analysis of literature reviews. The conclusion of the study is as follows. First, in terms of official functions in formal situations, First Ladies represent a type of customary presidential protocol and offer appealing neat images through a moderate style and simple mode. In other situations, such as non-formal times, they show duty-based roles in regards to the lady of the house as well as the companion of the president that are represent soft and comfortable images through a feminine style and graceful mode. Second, it reflects their tastes and images in the silhouette and colors of Western style clothing through the personal roles and activities of the First Lady. Third, the Korean First Ladies tend to prefer the feminine image of housewife-based assistant that shows that they prefer clothes with a regular repetition and stabilized pattern such as dots and checkered patterns. Fourth, as compared to a previous period, they create a style for bright images and dainty feelings that use a variety of colors and light fabrics that represent many aspects of political assistance with active support.

• BMB Reports
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2013

Sulforaphane [1-isothiocyanato-4-(methylsulfinyl)-butane] is an isothiocyanate found in some cruciferous vegetables, especially broccoli. Sulforaphane has been shown to display anti-cancer properties against various cancer cell lines. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), which degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM), plays an important role in cancer cell invasion. In this study, we investigated the effect of sulforaphane on 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced MMP-9 expression and cell invasion in MCF-7 cells. TPA-induced MMP-9 expression and cell invasion were decreased by sulforaphane treatment. TPA substantially increased NF-${\kappa}B$ and AP-1 DNA binding activity. Pre-treatment with sulforaphane inhibited TPA-stimulated NF-${\kappa}B$ binding activity, but not AP-1 binding activity. In addition, we found that sulforaphane suppressed NF-${\kappa}B$ activation, by inhibiting phosphorylation of $I{\kappa}B $ in TPA-treated MCF-7 cells. In this study, we demonstrated that the inhibition of TPA-induced MMP-9 expression and cell invasion by sulforaphane was mediated by the suppression of the NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway in MCF-7 cells.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.617-624
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• 2008

잘 설계된 철골 모멘트 접합부의 경우, 유효회전능력에 도달하기 전에 국부좌굴이 발생하고 비탄성 후좌굴 변형이 접합부 회전능력을 정의하는데 중대한 역할을 한다. 이 연구에서는 국부좌굴로 인한 강도저하와 보 소성힌지의 회전을 모델링하여, 단조증가하중 및 반복하중이 작 용하는 특별철골모멘트골조의 강접합 보-기둥 접합부의 회전능력을 예측하기 위한 근사적 해석모델을 제안한다. 제안된 항복선 소성힌지 모델은 좌굴된 소성힌지부의 형상에 기초하여 항복선과 소성존으로 구성되고, 소성메커니즘을 통해 국부좌굴후의 거동까지 포함한 모멘트-회전각 관계를 제 공한다. 향상된 WUF-W 와 RBS 접합부를 위해 제안된 모델을 개발한 후 실험결과와 비교를 통해 검증하였다. 동반논문(변수연구)에서는 광범위 한 H-형강의 기하학적 변수 따른 접합부 회전능력에 대하여 논의하였다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.327-332
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• 2012

This study aimed to see if as companion animals living with human beings, dogs could provide emotional stability or play a therapeutic role for human beings. Of 12 middle school boys as victims of school violence, 6 were assigned to the experimental group that was provided with an animal-assisted therapy program over a total of 12 sections, one section per week, 60 minutes per section, between September and November 2011, followed by post-test 1 and, one month later, post-test 2. In the experimental composition, the remaining 6 boys were assigned to the comparison group that was allowed to read freely. Analysis was performed by using the scales of depression and self-esteem, and the results showed that the experimental group provided with the animal-assisted therapy program generated more significant therapeutic effects than the comparison group. The therapeutic effects were found to persist one month after the completion of the program. Therefore, it is believed that sensitive adolescents who suffer from depression or have lost self-esteem because of school violence can significantly benefit from an animal-assisted therapy program by reducing the recovery time or by getting lots of help with emotional stability. Further research on the basis of this study is expected to help adolescents with emotional therapy in other areas.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2005

Background: Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) belongs to a family of G protein coupled receptors activated by proteolytic cleavage. Trypsin-like serine proteases interact with PAR2 expressed by a variety of tissues and immune cells. The aim of our study was to investigate whether PAR2 stimulation can lead to the activation of human mac rophages. Methods: PAR2-mediated proliferation of human macrophage cell line THP-1 was measured with MTT assay. We also examined the extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation and cytokine production induced by trypsin and PAR2-agonist using western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Results: Treatment of trypsin or PAR2-activating peptide increased cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, and induced the activation of ERK1/2 in THP-1 cells. In addition, trypsin-induced cell proliferation was inhibited by pretreatment of an ERK inhibitor (pD98059) or trypsin inhibitor (SBTI). Moreover, PAR2 activation by trypsin increased the secretion of TNF-${\alpha}$ in THP-1 cells. Conclusion: There results suggest that P AR2 activation by trypsin-like serine proteases can induce cell proliferation through the activation of ERK in human macrophage and that PAR2 may playa crucial role in the cell proliferation and cytokine secretion induced by trypsin-like serine proteases.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.209-214
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• 2017

Wild raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis) may play a role transmitting several pathogens to humans and pet animals. Information concerning the incidence of rabies, canine distemper virus (CDV), canine parvovirus (CPV), canine adenovirus type 2 (CAdV-2), canine parainfluenza virus type 5 (CPIV-5), and canine herpesvirus (CHV) is needed in wild raccoon dogs. In total, 62 brain samples of raccoon dogs were examined for rabies virus (RABV) and CDV, and 49 lung samples were screened for CDV, CAdV-2, CPIV-5, and CHV. No RABV, CAdV-2, CPIV-5, or CHV was identified, but nine CDV antigens (8.1%, 9/111) were detected. Moreover, 174 serum samples from wild raccoon dogs were screened for antibodies against the five major viral pathogens. The overall sero-surveillance against CDV, CPV, CAdV-2, CPIV-5, and CHV in wild raccoon dogs was 60.3%, 52.9%, 59.8%, 23.6%, and 10.3%, respectively. Comparisons of the sero-surveillance of the five pathogens showed that raccoon dogs of Gyeonggi province have slightly higher sero-positive rates against CDV, CPV, and CHV than those of Gangwon province. These results indicate high incidences of CDV, CPV, and CAdV-2 in wild raccoon dogs of two Korean provinces and a latent risk of pathogen transmission to companion and domestic animals.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.237-245
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 TAM 모델에서의 신념변수인 지각된 유용성을 기대불일치이론에 근거하여 지각된 유용성과 기대된 유용성의 불일치정도로 개념화 하고자 한다. 이를 통해 신기술 수용에 관한 개인의 혁신성과 URC로봇의 유용성에 대한 기대불일치정도가 태도와 이용의도에 영향을 미치는 과정을 규명하고자 한다. 이를 위해 2006년과 2007년 두 차례에 걸쳐 1000가구를 대상으로 실시된 URC 시범서비스 가구를 대상으로 각각 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 두 차례 설문 모두에 응답한 설문응답을 대상으로 실증분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과, 개인 혁신성은 유용성의 기대불일치정도(지각된 유용성-기대된 유용성)에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 유용성의 기대불일치정도는 사용자 태도와 이용의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 또한 사용자 태도는 이용의도와 유의미한 수준에서 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.527-533
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• 2005

원전 격납건물의 축대칭 모델은 해석상의 간편성으로 인하여 널리 사용되지만, 실제의 비축대칭 조건을 주는 요소들을 축대칭 모델상에서 구현하기 위해서는 적절한 가정 및 변환 절차를 도입해야 한다. 선행 논문에서는 국내의 CANDU형 및 한국형 격납건물 돔에 비축대칭으로 배치된 텐던들을 축대칭 모델에 적용하기 위한 합리적인 변환 절차를 제안하였으며, 텐던 강성 및 프리스트레싱의 효과 측면에서 고찰하였다. 본 논문에서는 제안된 모델을 범용구조해석 프로그램에 적용한 수치 예제를 통하여 타당성을 검증하였다. 제안된 축대칭 모델은 CANDU형의 3차원 거동을 비교적 유사하게 추적할 수 있는 것으로 나타났지만, 한국형의 경우에는 돔 텐던 배치상 축대칭 가정에 따른 오차가 다소 크게 나타났다. 또한, 프리스트레싱을 구현하기 위해 사용되는 초기응력법 및 등가하중법을 비교 분석하였으며, 축대칭 모델에 초기응력법을 적용할 때 원환방향 프리스트레싱의 역할이 매우 큼을 보였다. 마지막으로 제안된 수식에 도입된 근사화를 보정하여 좀 더 실제 거동에 가까운 값들을 산출할 수 있는 보정계수에 대하여 고찰하였다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2007

A mechanical model was developed to predict the behavior of point-loaded RC slender beams (a/d > 2.5) without stirrups. It is commonly accepted by most researchers that a diagonal tension crack plays a predominant role in the failure mode of these beams, but the failure mechanism of these members is still debatable. In this paper, it was assumed that diagonal tension failure was triggered by the concrete cover splitting due to the dowel action at the initial location of diagonal tension cracks, which propagate from flexural cracks. When concrete cover splitting occurred, the shape of a diagonal tension crack was simultaneously developed, which can be determined from the principal tensile stress trajectory. This fictitious crack rotates onto the crack tip with load increase. During the rotation, all forces acting on the crack (i.e, dowel force of longitudinal bars, vertical component of concrete tensile force, shear force by aggregate interlock, shear force in compression zone) were calculated by considering the kinematical conditions such as crack width or sliding. These forces except for the shear force in the compression zone were uncoupled with respect to crack width and sliding by the proposed constitutive relations for friction along the crack. Uncoupling the shear forces along the crack was aimed at distinguishing each force from the total shear force and clarifying the failure mechanism of RC slender beams without stirrups. In addition, a proposed method deriving the dowel force of longitudinal bars made it possible to predict the secondary shear failure. The proposed model can be used to predict not only the entire behavior of point-loaded RC slender shear beams, but also the ultimate shear strength. The experiments used to validate the proposed model are reported in a companion paper.