• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.11
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• pp.1589-1594
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• 2016

Piperine [(E,E)-5-(3,4-methtylenedioxyphenyl)-2,4-pentadienolypiperidide] is a principal of Piperaceae, including Piper nigrum L. and Piper longum Linn., which has been used as a spice and traditional medicine. In this study, we investigated whether or not piperine has anti-cancer effects on AGS human gastric cancer cells. The results demonstrated that piperine not only inhibited proliferation using MTT assay but also induced apoptotic bodies using DAPI assay in a dose-dependent manner in response to piperine. Expression levels of p53, Bax (pro-apoptotic), cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved-PARP increased, whereas expression levels of Bcl-2, XIAP (anti-apoptotic), and Akt decreased in a dose-dependent manner compared with the control by western blotting analysis. To identify the connection between phospo-Akt and Bcl-2 family in response to piperine, LY249002 (Akt inhibitor) was treated with piperine ($150{\mu}M$). The results were shown that expression of phospo-Akt was reduced whereas expression of Bax and cleaved-PARP increased in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that piperine induced apoptosis in AGS cells and may serve as a chemopreventive or therapeutic agent for human gastric cancer.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.262-276
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• 2023

This study aims to develop a multi-functional cage for dogs as a house to reduce their anxiety when they go out using cages. This study investigates the types and characteristics of cages and cage preference by surveying men and women in their 20s who use them. The cage product reviews are also analyzed. The research results are as follows: First, domestic dog cages are classified into crate, shoulder, cross (sling bag), backpack, carrier, and stroller types. The crate type is easy to clean and can be used as a house, but it is bulky and therefore inconvenient to carry when using public transportation. The shoulder type is a fabric material with good air permeability but has the disadvantage of being easily soiled. It can be used as a house and is light weight, making it convenient when using public transportation. Second, as a result of consumer research, respondents prefer the shoulder-type fabric over the crate-type plastic material. Third, from the shoulder-type product review, the shape stability, companion dogs' psychological safety, the wearability of companions, and management convenience are derived. Fourth, based on the survey results, a multi-functional cage is developed taking into account the companion dog, companion person, and functional factors.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2011

To investigate the toxicological effects of ${\beta}$-glucan, we performed basic studying on ${\beta}$-glucan in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Standard endpoints in this study included mortality, clinical observations, changes of body weights, analysis on food consumption, ophthalmoscopic examination, hematologic examination, serum biochemistry, analysis of organ weights, gross anatomic pathology and histopathology. No clinical signs and mortality were observed in animals treated with beta-glucan throughout the experimental period. The average body weight of each treatment groups showed similar levels at end of experiment. There were no treatment-related changes in mortality, body weights changes, food consumption, ophthalmoscopic examination. Although there were statistically significant differences between the control and treated groups in some relative and absolute organ weights, and hematological and biochemical analysis, the data were in biologically normal ranges and did not show a dose-dependent manner. In the morphological change, hepatic tissue were not showed ballooning degeneration and irregular arrangement of hepatic cell in ${\beta}$-glucan treatment groups with control group. Also, organs weights (liver, heart, kidney and stomach) and hematological indices (WBC, RBC, Hb, Hct and Platelet) did not show statistically significant differences among the experimental groups. In summary of these results, there were no changes in mortality, mean body weight, clinical signs, food consumption. There were no changes in ophthalmological examination, hematology, blood chemistry, necropsy and histopathology. In conclusion, although further investigation of glucan should be performed in the functions registered in many ancient literatures, ${\beta}$-glucan is physiologically safe and may have potential as candidate food for human health.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.452-459
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• 2012

This study was conducted in order to investigate the effect of resveratrol on the induction of apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The result of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl terazolium bromide (MTT) assay shows that cell viability significantly decreased in a dose and time-dependent manner. 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining shows significantly increased chromatin condensation in a dose and time-dependent manner. Resveratrol increased the expression of p53, cleaved-caspase-3, and cleaved-caspase-9, whereas the expression of PI3K/Akt decreased in a time-dependent manner. We investigated the in vivo tumor growth inhibitory effect of resveratrol. Tumor volume was significantly decreased in the 50 mg/kg resveratrol-administration group compared to the control group. In the 50 mg/kg treated group. Apoptosis cells were frequently observed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Immunohistochemistry staining shows increased the expression of p53, cytochrome-C, and cleaved-caspase-3 in the 50 mg/kg treated group. These results indicate that resveratrol induced apoptosis through PI3K/Akt and p53 signal pathway in MDA-MB-231 cell.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.29-34
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• 2016

Nowadays, real-time devices that provide health care for a companion animal is being developed by IoT technology and its demand such as smart puppy tag is increasing. However, it is difficult for IoT devices of companion animals to process complex nature due to miniaturized hardware and constructive nature. There is a clear limit to custom advanced features like health care implementation. This paper designs an integrated platform with statistical analysis which makes it possible to customized services such as feed production, pharmaceutical production, and health care for each companion animal. Middleware that collects sensor information, customer's spending pattern and information from Social Network Service is also designed by making use of IoT devices which companion animals wear. Furthermore, the paper designed data analyzer which analyzes and refines data from collected information that can be applied to personalized services.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.86-93
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• 2019

The population of domestic companion animals is estimated to be about 10 million now. In recent years, the domestic pet market has been launching a wide range of products and services for high quality, smart and well-being. As a result, the market size will increase from 900 billion won in 2012 to 2.3 trillion won in 2016, which has more than doubled in five years. The industry expects to reach 6 trillion won by 2020, expecting 3 trillion won this year. In particular, domestic dogs and cats market is estimated at 275.5 billion won, accounting for 19% of the domestic animal market and 1.425 billion won for the world market. However, despite the growing market for companion animals products, unfortunately the import dependence on related industrial goods is still high and the quality of service is very low. Unlike Europe and the United States, 90% of companion animals are housed in apartments, often causing problems in the health and safety of companions and companions. The purpose of this study is to develop a smart house for companion animals with environmental friendliness and AI function that can be won in competition with products of developed countries. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the creation of a new value - added base for the related industries through the strengthening of the competitiveness of the related SMEs and further the effect of employment increase and import substitution.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.466-477
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is, for the first time in Korea, to examine the effects of companion animal online shopping motivation factors on customer satisfaction. In addition, we analyzed the moderating effect of the number of companion animals raised. The factor analysis of survey data yields the following five dimensions: convenience, economic, hedonistic, product characteristics, and information-knowledge shopping motivation. Multiple regression analysis shows that both convenience shopping motivation and information-knowledge shopping motivation have significant positive (+) effects on customer satisfaction. As a result of hierarchical regression analysis, it was found that there is a moderating effect of the number of companion animals raised on the relationship between information-knowledge and customer satisfaction.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2022

Background: In modern society, the number of households raising companion animals increases, and the market for veterinary medicines is expanding even more. This study aims to investigate the perception of companion animal lovers' veterinary medicines, the necessity of specific guidance by pharmacists for veterinary medicines, the role of pharmacists at veterinary pharmacies, and ways to fulfill that role. Methods: This study evaluated veterinary medicines and medication guidance through Google online questionnaire targeting pet-lovers from December 20, 2021, until January 19, 2022. The questions consist of 1) characteristics of petlovers, 2) purchase history and drug recognition of veterinary drugs, 3) use of veterinary vaccines, 4) use of diagnostic kits, and 5) guidance of veterinary medicines by local pharmacists. Results: The respondents' experience purchasing veterinary drugs was as high as 94.4%. The most purchased drug was heartworm-preventing products, and vaccination was performed mainly at veterinary clinics (veterinarians). The respondents primarily purchased veterinary medicines for companion animals at veterinary hospitals and did not know the name of the drugs which they bought. In addition, respondents expected to receive specific information on veterinary medicines from pharmacists. Conclusion: As the number of veterinary pharmacies in the community will increase with the expansion of the companion animal market, pharmacists should play their role as experts in veterinary medicines through systematic and continuous professional education.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.1261-1272
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• 2018

The effects of Queso Blanco cheese containing Bifidobacterium longum KACC 91563 was studied on the intestinal microbiota and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in healthy companion dogs. There were three experimental groups with five healthy dogs each: a control group, not fed with any cheese, and groups fed with Queso Blanco cheese with (QCB) or without B. longum KACC 91563 (QC) for 8 weeks. Fecal samples were collected 5 times before, during, and after feeding with cheese. Intestinal microbiota was analyzed using two non-selective agar plates (BL and TS) and five selective agar plates (BS, NN, LBS, TATAC, and MacConkey). SPME-GC-MS method was applied to confirm SCFAs and indole in dog feces. The six intestinal metabolites such as acetic, propionic, butyric, valeric, isovaleric acid and indole were identified in dog feces. Administration of B. longum KACC 91563 (QCB) for 8 weeks significantly increased the beneficial intestinal bacteria such as Bifidobacterium ($8.4{\pm}0.55$) and reduced harmful bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridium (p<0.05). SCFA such as acetic and propionic acid were significantly higher in the QCB group than in the Control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that administration of Queso Blanco cheese containing B. longum KACC 91563 had positive effects on intestinal microbiota and metabolites in companion dogs. These results suggest that Queso Blanco cheese containing B. longum KACC 91563 could be used as a functional food for companion animals and humans.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1139-1142
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• 2022

The present study aimed to examine the effect of dietary Ptecticu tenebrifer powder mixtures as pet dogfeed ingredients on crude fat and ash digestibility. Three groups of feeds Feed A, Feed B, and Feed C supplied from three farms were fed to a total of 45 dogs. The dietary Ptecticu tenebrifer powder mixture were prepared by mixing 25 g of Ptecticu tenebrifer powder with 100 g of canned food. Feed A, Feed B, and Feed C containing dietary Ptecticu tenebrifer powder mixtures were fed to 15 dogs of each breed of bichon, poodle, and chihuahua that were divided into three groups following a completely randomized design. For measuring the crude fat and crude ash digestibility, manure of each dog breed from each group were collected. Crude fat digestibility was not statistically significant among the dog breeds fed with feed C (p>0.05), but overall there was a statistical difference between the feed and the group by dog breed (p<0.05). In terms of crude ash digestibility, the three types of feed showed differences with respect to dog breeds (p<0.05). However, the group with no significant difference was observed in Feed B by dog breed (p>0.05). In conclusion, feeding Ptecticu tenebrifer powder mixture to dog breeds had no positive effect on the crude fat and ash digestibility and can be used as pet dogfeed ingredients.