• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.411-417
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• 2017

This experimental research explores the effect of background music of TV documentary which can be classified as channel factor in the field of media effect, on audience's recall memory, flow, arousal of interest, evaluation of documentary. Most previous researches of media effect focused on the effect of sender factor and message factor on audience's memory, understanding, acquirement of knowledge, attitude, action. However the number of researches on the effect of background music on audience's various dependent variables is extremely limited, especially it is very difficult to find studies on the effect of background music of TV documentary on audience. Therefore this research tries to find the effect of background music of TV documentary on audience's recall memory, flow, arousal of interest, evaluation. For this research of experiment, 2 groups of subjects composed of 101 university students were exposed to 2 different video clips of TV documentary, one with background music, the other without it, After this experiment, Questions which were designed to measure audience's recall memory, flow, arousal of interest, evaluation were asked and analysed. This research found that background music of TV documentary increased audience's flow, degree of interest and raised evaluation, However meaningful effect of background music on audience's recall memory was not found.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2012

After Fukushima Nuclear Accident on Mar11, 2011, to grasp the thought of university students in Korea on radiation and medical radiation and seek for the right mass communication on the radiation safety of the people and the proper teaching method on radiation, 790 questionnaires from the universities which had a four-year department of radiological science in 5 provinces(Gyeonggi, Gangwon, Chungcheong, Jeolla, and Gyeongsang-do) all over the country were collected and analyzed. The questionnaire was composed of 36 items, and it was analyzed that one of the important causes that made them feel that radiation was dangerous was 'even if they were exposed to the small quantity of radiation, they could have trouble later.' ($3.28{\pm}1.05$). In the item of the control of radiation, there were the respondents who answered that the government should take action rather than an individual($3.87{\pm}0.89$). In the item of 'Fukushima Nuclear Accident made me think that 'We should not keep nuclear power generation', the result was $2.79{\pm}0.95$. In the item of 'My thought on the medical radiation has negatively changed since Fukushima Nuclear Accident', the students who hadn't taken the course related with radiation showed a negative thought on the medical radiation, such as, there was $2.64{\pm}1.02$ as a whole, $2.31{\pm}1.00$ in department of radiological science, $2.94{\pm}0.95$ in department of dental hygiene, and $3.13{\pm}0.82$ in other departments. And also, those who thought that the education of radiation was necessary were 82.28%, and T.V or Internet was thought as the most effective teaching method.

• Journal of Applied Tourism Food and Beverage Management and Research
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• v.8
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• pp.123-144
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• 1997

This study, by setting the systems of room sale promotion, analyzing the actual status and the present working state with its center on the 'RHotel' that is a special grade-two hotel and the sales promotion activities of each type, intends to understand the presentstatus of the hotel and present its problems and the method for improvement. The strategy of salespromotion and the ineffectivenessof the system organization were found to be imminent in the sales promotion activities as its problems, and the importanceis being not attached to the actual substance rather than to the actualresults, such as the advertisement and publicity strategies, the irrationality of sales personnel controland its evaluation method, and therefore, the goal-oriented control is not being takenad its problems are emerging. Therefore, as an improvement plan, we ought to put the plan of the hotel merchandising into action for customers to buy what they want, the establishment of the customer-oriented sales promotionservice and the communication channel using the brand-new managerial skills, systemaizesales promotion method sand strategies, develop the organizational and systematic strategies develop the organizatinal and systemactic strategies and goods for the sake of the image-making and room sales promotion of hotels, develop the activation ways of flexible operation, and also need to develop the skills of sales promotion. Accordingly, by doing irrationalsales activities in the system and the promotion with its center on the sales promotion department, and it sis urgently required that we streng then the comodity developments fitting the hotel's traits, such as uniformpolicy of cost, mass-communicationactivities for sales promotion, the improvement of non-effectiveness, and advertisement of hotel items, and the publishing of public relation books. Therefore, the best weapon for hotels before other purchaseis to be discriminatized from other competitive hotel with theunderstanding of the psychology and activities of customers, and the communicatin with customers, and to set up organicprograms of sales promotionstrategies. Also we must promote our sales in accordance with the desire of new customers, gater the market information of customers, all the time, and systematize the facility improvement, managerial policy, business strategiescorresponding with the desire of customers. By doing so, we are able to seek, at the same time, both the satis faction of customers and the sales maximization of the hotels that will perfrom the activities of sales promotion and management.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.37-57
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• 1987

This article discussed the characteristics of several Pareto-optimal incentive contracts between owner and labor, more specifically, four situations: reporting output jointly observable by labor ana owner; reporting both output and effort; incorporating other endogenous elements (like capital) that affect the production process and Pareto-optimal fee schedules; and ascertaining the effects of private pre-decision information private- decision information, and per-contact informational asymmetries. Also presented were several extensions of the basic contractual model, and the different components of agency costs associated with labor-owner contractual relations. In a single-period model, the agency problem exists because the uncertainty prevents the owner from using the cash flow to determine unambiguously the labor's action. Holmstrom(1979) suggests that "when the same situation repeats itself over time, the effects of uncertainty tend to be reduced and dystunctional behavior is more accurately revealed, thus alleviating the problem of moral hazard. " Under these conditions, if the labor selects the first-best level of effect in each period, the cash flow will be independent and identically distributed over time. As the number of periods increases, the variance of the labows average output, if he selects the first-best level of effort in each period, gets smaller. Note that for this diversification effect to occur, it is necessary that the owner evaluate the labor's effort over the entire history of his employment, rather than evaluate each period's performance separately. Radner(1980) and Rubinstein and Yaari(1980) consider the extreme case in which there are an infinite number of observations. They show that the owner can eventually detect and systematic shirking on the part of the labor by comparing the labor's average output with what would be expected if the labor had been selecting the first-best level of effort in each period. In a dynamic model with incentive problems we have demonstrated that the labor's second-period compensation will depend on his first-period performance. This allows the owner to diversify away some of the uncertainty surrounding the labor's actions. In addition, this allows the owner to smooth the labor's income over time by spreading the risk of the first-period outcome over both periods. At least some unexplored avenves in this area invite future accounting research: situations where owner has different incompatible objectives and negotiates a contract with labor; circumstances in which owner deals with multiple objectives and negotiates contracts with several labors simultaneously; the value of costly accounting information systems and communication in establishing, Pareto-optimal incentive contracts, and the value and effects of inside information, Thorough theoretical or empirical research on each of these topics not only would increase our knowledge about the role and significance of accounting information but could also provide explanations of the inherent differences among various organizations and in their economic behavior. behavior.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.81-111
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• 2018

Recently in Korea, public interest about patient safety has increased because patient safety incidents occurred continuously. In addition, as the way of coping with medical personnel and medical institutions after occurrence of patient safety incident became controversial, the necessity of introducing apology law and disclosure law was raised. We analyzed the contents of apology law and disclosure law in U.S.A and critically examined the legislative movements in Korea. First, the Apology law requires that a medical personnel provide apology, consolation, sympathy to the patient for discomfort, pain, damage or death, and that the expression of apology shall be inadmissible as evidence of an admission of liability in civil action or administrative proceeding. The Apology law is divided into 'full apology law' and 'partial apology law' depending on whether mistake, error, fault, liability, and legal liability shall be inadmissible. Meanwhile, Disclosure law enforces or voluntarily enforces the law to communicate with the patient regarding the disclosure of the incident, the cause of incident, the compensation plan, and the measures to prevent the recurrence in the adverse incident that serious harm to the patient. In Korea, the concern about patient safety incidents has been amplified, and as the importance of communication between the medical personnel and patient has been recognized, the revision bill for the "Patient Safety Act", which adopted the U.S.A apology or disclosure law, was submitted to the National Assembly. The purpose of this study was to critically review the contents of the revised legislation based on the analysis of the apology law and disclosure law in U.S.A. and to provide implications for future legislative direction.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.11
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• pp.37-60
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• 2006

The area of security service has been maintaining the high growth curve annually by improving security consciousness from increase of the income and the progress of public services's level by the accomplishment in the info-communication field, recently the demand for unmanned security system is extended form commercial purposes into public offices and individual's houses. In addition to, the possible distance of offering services is scheduled to magnify. At the period when security company's influence has been becoming significant, the injustice transaction is the serious factor which obstructs the development of security companies. Therefore, it is urgent thing to devise counterplans to extirpate injustice transactions. There are the legalistic approaches of the breakthroughs against injustice transactions. One thing is settling the standard of the judgment and the other is renovating the provision of injustice transactions. Utilizing the principles of the fair competitions and importing self-obedience programs within the range of trade actions which is permitted by law, acted as the system approach. Moreover, there are such three things which can achieve mutual balances as establishing the range of the permitted action toward business corporations, applying spontaneously the fair competition principles and introducing the system of standard agreements. Gong further, this can establish order of security service areas and control them. Besides, it is possible for every organizations to make and operate the system appropriately by importing the self-observance system.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.14
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• pp.311-336
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• 2007

This study examines the concepts of counter-act against the Bio-terrorism and the reaction system in advanced countries, thereby to find out reaction system necessary to Korea. Acts on anti-Bio-terrorism is divided to detection stage, protection stage, diagnosis stage and detoxication and neutralization stage according to flow of event occurrence. As for detection stage, Korea is developing it as contact type, while advanced countries are under development of the devices that may detect the terrorism from the remote distance. It is necessary for Korea to develop the remote-distant detection system as well as the contact type of device that may promptly operate. Among the protection gears, the quality of Korea's gas mask is recognized worldwide, but that of other outfits should be improved by applying the state-of-art science technology. The diagnosis device also should be developed to the extent that the dispatched initial action team may make immediate decisions necessary in the field. As the current trends for detoxication materials worldwide require the improvement to new materials harmless to human body and equipment, Korea is also required to acquire those materials. The technology for neutralization means the development of vaccine and antibiotics and it requires the development made by shared efforts worldwide. For this purpose, it is necessary to further develop Korea's medical technology. In addition, the further efforts are required in terms of reaction manual, training model, public communication efforts and preparation for trauma syndrome.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.19-43
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• 2017

This study aimed to examine the effects of a reciprocal attention intervention on the joint attention behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by comparing the music and nonmusic conditions. An alternating treatment design was applied as one of the single subject designs and the reciprocal attention intervention included music and nonmusic conditions implemented alternately within a session. The participants were four children between the ages 4 and 5 years and each participant who participated in 23 intervention sessions that followed the sequence of baseline (3 sessions), treatment (15 sessions), and follow-up (5 sessions). The music condition consisted of structured joint instrument playing, trials for attentional shift, and interactive instrument playing. The nonmusic condition consisted of joint toy play, trials for attentional shift, and turn taking-based play. The occurrence of target behaviors (i. e., joint attention behavior, eye gaze, and joint action) was analyzed across sessions. At pretest and posttest, the Early Social Communication Scale was administered. All participants showed increasing tendency in all target behaviors, but such occurrence was greater in the music condition than in the nonmusic condition. The findings support the use of a reciprocal attention intervention with musical stimuli to effectively improve joint attention in this population.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.1045-1051
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• 2005

We developed an orofacial pains diagnosis/therapy system which can enlarge a therapy effect through a new stimulation. Contrary to its established method, this therapy system(DDTS-1) is a treating method which absorbs a surplus ion charge- the cause of an outbreak of a pain-of the human body using a capacitor. Absorbing a surplus ion charge of the human body with effect, it obtained optimal parameters which is control signal to control charging/discharging a capacitor to be 6Hz, and capacitance to be $0.1\~0.33{\mu}F.$ Through clinical demonstration, experimented on among patients-namely dental pain patients, joint disorders patients, and trigeminal neuralgia patients to verification of system. In result, an EAST stimulater had a very low change of abnormal potential against normal potential before/after being placed under medical care. DDTS-1 showed obvious differences that two potentials are one and the same potential or one potential is similar to the other one. DDTS-1 comparing with EAST showed the remedial value of the comparative advantage in all the medical treatment of pains. Therefore, stimulation of DDTS-1 is more effective than the existing electric stimulation. We verified its validity of ion charge absorption in the human body using capacitor which presented the present thesis. That is, we verified theoretical adequacy of control action in a pain, and its efficiency as well as confidence.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.365-374
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• 2019

Loss of Control in Flight(LOC-I) due to aircraft upset attitude has the highest air accident rate, and International Aviation Institute such as ICAO and FAA recommended flight crew to operate aircraft safely through UPRT(Upset Prevention & Recovery Training) program. ICAO has selected Loss of Control(LOC) as key safety indicator, and recommended to respond using TEM(Threat and Error Management). However there are not much specific treats and errors classified for UPRT programs using real TEM based on evidences. This study intends to consider the importance of UPRT through the introduction of UPRT and accident analysis using TEM. Typical upset accidents were classified to common threats as IFR, inadequate training, Automation surprise, and inexperienced copilots. The common errors were cross-check, speed and altitude deviation, callouts, communication, thrust and stall action fail. The undesired aircraft states were inadequate automation mode, Deviation of speed and vertical, stall, and crash. These suggest areas to improve UPRT.